中级财务会计英文课程授课教案讲课教案.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。中级财务会计英文课程授课教案-中南财经政法大学会计学院SchoolofAccouting,ZhongnanUniversityofEconomics&Law中级会计学(英文)课程(IntermediateAccounting)授课教案(Teachingplan)中级财务会计教学小组编写TeachingTeamofIntermediateAccounting2006年2月修订(Feb.2006)TeachingArrangement1TimeallocationThetotalclasshouris51,

2、with3scores.Lecturesinclassaredividedinto4teachingunits.Thetimeallocationforeachteachingunitisasfollows:TeachingUnitBasicContentTimeallocatedPart1FinancialReporting:Concepts,FinanicialStatements,andRelatedDisclosures1TheEnvironmentofFinancialReporting2FinancialReporting:ItsConceptualFramework83TheBa

3、lanceSheetandtheStatementofChangesinStockholdersEquity44TheIncomeStatementandincomerecognition65TheStatementofCashFlows5Part2FinancialReporting:AssetMeasurementandIncomeDetermination6CashandReceivables47Inventories38Property,Plant,andEquipment49Intangibles3Part3FinancialReporting:ValuationofLiabilit

4、iesandInvestments10CurrentLiabilitiesandContingencies411Long-TermLiabilitiesandReceivables312Investments3Part3FinancialReporting:StockholdersEquity13ContributedCapital14EarningsPerShareandRetainedEarnings4Total512TeachingmethodsThiscoursemainlyadoptslectureinclass,withthehelpofmultimedia.Wealsoalloc

5、atessomepresentationsaftergroupdiscussionoutofclassroom.ItistaughteitherinEnglishorinthecombinationofbothEnglishandChinese.TeachingMaterials1.Textbook中级会计学（高等学校会计学类英文版教材），高等教育出版社，2005年1月第1版(IntermediateAccounting,9E,byLorenA.NikolaiJohnD.Bazley)2.ReferencesA.中级会计学（会计类原版教材影印系列），中国财政经济出版社，2002年11月第1版(

6、IntermediateAccounting,14E,byEarlKayStice,JamesD.Stice,K.FredSkousen)B.StatementsofFinancialAccountingStandards,byFASBC.InternationalAccountingStandards/InternationalFinancialReportingStandardsD.ChineseAccountingStandardsforEnterprises3.RelatedintenetwebsitesA.FASBwww.fasb.orgB.IASBwww.iasb.orgC.the

7、NikolaiandBazleyIntermediateAccountingwebsitehttp:/N）TeachingContentLesson1:THEENVIRONMENTOFFINANCIALREPORTINGLearningObjectivesAftercarefulstudy,studentswillbeableto:1.Understandaccountinginformation.2.Knowwhatisincludedinfinancialreporting.3.Explaingenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples(GAAP)andthe

8、sourcesofGAAPinU.S.A.4.IdentifythetypesofpronouncementsissuedbytheFASB.5.UnderstandhowtheFinancialAccountingStandardsBoard(FASB)operates.6.DescribetherelationshipbetweentheSecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC)andtheFASB.7.UnderstandethicaldilemmasofAccountants.8.Knowthedifferenceofaccountingstandards

9、developmentbetweenChinaandU.S.A.TeachingHours3hoursTeachingcontentsThislessonwillbeginwithsomeforewordsaboutthecoursetoletstudentsknowexactlythecoursenature,objectives,requirementsetc.Thenthefivesectionsofthislessonwillbediscussedlogically.1.Accountinginformation:users,uses,andGAAPinU.S.A.Withthedis

10、cussionofcapitalmarkets,accountinginformationwillbeinduced.Accounting,thelanguageofbusiness,hasbeendescribedastheprocessofidentifying,measuring,recording,andcommunicatingeconomicinformationtopermitinformedjudgmentsanddecisionsbyusersofinformation.Accountingprovidesalinkbetweentheeconomicactivitiesof

11、acompanyanddecisionmakerswhoareinterestedinthecompany.Thesedecisionmakerswhouseaccountinginformationcanbedividedintotwomajorgroups:externalusers(suchasinvestors)andinternalusers(thecompanysmanagement).Becauseoftheirdifferentrelationshipstothecompany,thetwogroupshavesomewhatdissimilarinformationneeds

12、.Questionswillberaisedastoexamplesofexternalusersandinternalusersandtheirdifferentinformationneeds.Thendifferencesoffinancialaccountingandmanagerialaccountingwillbediscussed.Financialaccountingistheinformationaccumulation,processing,andcommunicationsystemdesignedtosatisfytheinvestmentandcreditdecisi

13、on-makinginformationneedsofexternalusers.Financialaccountinginformationispresentedinpublishedfinancialstatements.Managerialaccountingistheinformationaccumulation,processing,andcommunicationsystemdesignedtomeetthedecision-makinginformationneedsofinternalusers.Theformatforinternalreportsisdeterminedby

14、thecompany.Thesystemisconstrainedbytheneedforinformationandthecostofprovidingthatinformation.Afterstudentsgotanoverallimpressionaboutaccountingandaccountinginformation,focuswillbeconductedtofinancialaccountingandfinancialreporting.Financialreportingistheprocessofcommunicatingfinancialaccountinginfor

15、mationaboutacompanytoexternalusers,primarilythroughthecompanysannualreport.Theannualreportincludesthreemajorfinancialstatements:thebalancesheet,incomestatement,andstatementofcashflows,aswellasnotestothefinancialstatements.Manycompaniesincludethestatementofchangesinstockholdersequityasafourthmajorfin

16、ancialstatement.Mostfinancialstatementsareauditedbyanindependentcertifiedpublicaccountant,whoexpressesanopinionastothefairness,inaccordancewithgenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples,ofthefinancialstatementsandaccompanyingnotes.Initsauditedfinancialstatements,acompanymustfollowgenerallyacceptedaccount

17、ingprinciples(GAAP),theguidelines,procedures,andpracticesrequiredforrecordingandreportingaccountinginformation.GAAPdefineacceptedaccountingpracticesandstandardsofreportingataparticulartime.Theyhaveevolvedovermanyyears,withtheinvolvementofdifferentpolicy-makingbodies.Emphasisshouldbeputtostudentsthat

18、thereisnosingledocumentincludingallofthestandardsforaccounting,althoughtheFASBFinancialAccountingResearchSystem(FARS)includesmostaccountingstandardsinitselectronicdatabase.2.ThedevelopmentofaccountingstandardsinU.S.A.AbriefhistoryintroductionaboutthedevelopmentofaccountingstandardsinU.S.A.willgivest

19、udentsafullimpressionaboutaccountingstandardsinU.S.A.From1938to1959theCommitteeonAccountingProcedure(CAP)oftheAICPAissued51AccountingResearchBulletins,whicharestillpartofGAAPunlessspecificallysupersededoramended.Becauseofcriticismoftheprocessesofformulatingaccountingprinciples,theAICPAreplacedtheCAP

20、withtheAccountingPrinciplesBoardin1959.From1959to1973theAPBissued31AccountingPrinciplesBoardOpinions,manybasedonAccountingResearchStudies.Unlessamendedorrescinded,APBOpinionsarealsostillpartofGAAP.DevelopmentofaccountingprinciplesbytheAPBwascriticized.ThestructureoftheFinancialAccountingStandardsBoa

21、rd(FASB),whichreplacedtheAPBin1973,wasdesignedtomeetthesecriticisms.TheFASBissuesseveraltypesofpronouncements,includingStatementsofFinancialAccountingStandards,Interpretations,TechnicalBulletins,andStatementsofFinancialAccountingConcepts.Beforeissuingastatementofconceptsorstandards,theFASBusuallycom

22、pletesamultistageprocessdesignedtodevelopaccountingstandardsefficientlyandwithdueprocess,inapublicforum.Becauseaccountingpolicydecisionsarecomplexandpartofabroadersocialsystem,inputfrominterestedpartiesisimportant.Negotiationandcompromiseareoftennecessaryduringthedevelopmentoffair,acceptablestandard

23、s.Here,aquestioncanberaisedtodiscussthatwhyFASBadoptspoliticalandsocialinvolvementmethodsinitsstandards-settingprocess.3.OtherorganizationscurrentlyinfluencingGAAPinU.S.A.OtherorganizationscurrentlyinfluencingGAAPinU.S.A.willbediscussedthen,includingSEC,AICPA,EITF,CASB,IRS,AAA,IASB,GASB,G4+1andSever

24、alprofessionalassociations.EmphasiswillbegiventothefactthattheSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionhasthelegalauthoritytoprescribeaccountingprinciplesandpracticesforusuallyallcompaniesissuingpubliclytradedsecurities.Todate,theSEChasusuallyallowedaccountingprinciplestobeformulatedintheprivatesector,buthaso

25、ccasionallyexertedpressureontheCAP,APB,andFASB.Inaddition,theSECadministerstheextensivedisclosurerequirementsoftheSecuritiesActof1933andtheSecuritiesExchangeActof1934.Companiesarerequiredtofileforms,suchasForm10-K,electronicallywiththeSECandtheseformsarelocatedintheSECsEDGAR.Enroncasewillbegivenasan

26、example.TheAmericanInstituteofCertifiedPublicAccountantsistheprofessionalorganizationforallcertifiedpublicaccountantsintheU.S.TheFASBEmergingIssuesTaskForce(EITF)identifiessignificantemergingaccountingissuesanddevelopsconsensuspositionsonaccountingfortheseissues.TheCostAccountingStandardsBoard(CASB)

27、,acongressionalagency,ischargedwithsettingstandardsofaccountingfornegotiatedfederalcontractsandsubcontracts.TheInternalRevenueService(IRS)administerstheprovisionsoftheInternalRevenueCode.Theseprovisionsdonotalwaysreflectthegoalsoffinancialaccounting.However,theydoattimesinfluencethechoiceofaccountin

28、gmethodsandprocedures.TheAmericanAccountingAssociation(AAA)isanorganizationcomprisedprimarilyofacademiciansandpracticingaccountants.TheAAAattemptstoinfluencethedevelopmentofformalaccountingpronouncementsthrougheducationandpersuasion.TheInternationalAccountingStandardsBoard(IASB)hasasitsgoalstodevelo

29、pandpromotetheuseofglobalaccountingstandards,andtobringnationalaccountingstandardsintoagreementwithinternationalstandards.TheGovernmentalAccountingStandardsBoard(GASB)operatesundertheauspicesoftheFinancialAccountingFoundation.TheG4+1isagroupofstandard-settingboardsthatstrivestoinfluencethedevelopmen

30、tandharmonizationofusefulhighqualityaccountingstandardsforinternationalcapitalmarkets.TheinstructorcanalsoinsertsomenewdevelopmentsituationsbasedonupdatematerialsinthewebsiteofFASBandIASBetc.4.EthicsintheaccountingenvironmentStudentswillberemindofthataccountantsareoftenfacedwithethicaldilemmas(ethic

31、alconflicts)intheirprofessionalroles.Becauseoftheimportantroleofaccountinginsociety,accountantsmustmaintainhighethicalstandards.TheAICPACodeofProfessionalConduct(CPC)includessixbasicprinciples:membersshould(a)exercisesensitiveprofessionalandmoraljudgmentsincarryingouttheirresponsibilities;(b)serveth

32、epublicinterest,honorthepublictrust,anddemonstratecommitmenttoprofessionalism;(c)performprofessionalresponsibilitieswiththehighestsenseofintegrity;(d)maintainobjectivity,befreefromconflictsofinterest,andbeindependentinfactandappearance;(e)observeduecareinpractice;and(f)followCPCprinciplesindetermini

33、ngthescopeandnatureofservicestobeprovided.5.ComparisonofthedevelopmentofaccountingstandardsinChinaandinU.S.A.StudentswillberequiredtofindmaterialsaboutdevelopmentofaccountingstandardsinChina.ThendiscussionbasedonthematerialsandknowledgelearnedinthislessonaboutdevelopmentofaccountingstandardsinU.S.wi

34、llbeinducedinclass.Thecaseisintendedforthreepurposes:first,withcomparison,studentswillknowthedifferencesclearlyandgraspnewknowledgedeeply.Second,studentwilllearnhowtofindrelatedmaterialsandthisabilityisverycrucialtofutureindependentstudies.Third,discussioninclasswillcultivatestudentscreativeandcriti

35、calthinking,whichisveryimportantinaccountingnowadays.PedagogicalNotesSincethiscourseisthefirsttimethatstudentslearnprofessionalknowledgebasedonoriginalEnglishtextbookandbilingualteaching,somestudentswillfeelhardtograspalltheknowledge,thislessonasthefirstlessonofthecourseshouldbetaughtcarefully.Andin

36、structorsshouldpayattentiontothedifficultiesstudentsmightfelt.Thelastsectionofthislesson,whichisadiscussionpart,instructorsshouldtrytocultivatestudentscreativeandcriticalthinking.Creativethinkinginvolvestheuseofimaginationandinsighttosolveproblemsbyfindingnewrelationships(ideas)amongitemsofinformati

37、on.Criticalthinkinginvolvesthelogicalanalysisofissues,usinginductiveordeductivereasoningtotestnewrelationships(ideas)todeterminetheireffectiveness.Lesson2:FINANCIALREPORTING:ITSCONCEPTUALFRAMEWORKLearningObjectivesAftercarefulstudy,studentswillbeableto:1.Explainfunctionsofconceptualframework.2.Under

38、standtherelationshipamongtheobjectivesoffinancialreporting.3.Identifythegeneralobjectiveoffinancialreporting.4.Describethethreespecificobjectivesoffinancialreporting.5.Discussthetypesofusefulinformationforinvestmentandcreditdecisionmaking.6.Explainthequalitiesofusefulaccountinginformation.7.Understa

39、ndtheaccountingassumptionsandconventionsthatinfluenceGAAP.8.Definetheelementsoffinancialstatements.TeachingHours5hoursTeachingcontentsThislessonwillbeginwithemphasisaboutfunctionsoftheorybasisinaccounting.1.FASBconceptualframeworkAbriefbackgroundintroductionaboutFASBconceptualframeworkwillbeconducte

40、d.StudentsshouldberemindofFASBspositioninU.S.A.,whichisdifferentfromthatofChina.TheFASBhasbeenchargedwithdevelopingaconceptualframeworkofaccountingtheoryandwithestablishingstandardsforfinancialaccountingpractice.Theconceptualframework,whichisintendedtoprovideatheoreticalfoundationforconsistentaccoun

41、tingstandards,hasbeenessentiallycompleted,withsevenStatementsofFinancialAccountingConceptsissued.Inthedevelopmentprocessofthesesevenstatements,FASBhasdividedtheconceptualframeworkactivitiesintoseveralprojects.2.ObjectivesoffinancialreportingFASBStatementofFinancialAccountingConceptsNo.1dealswiththeo

42、bjectivesoffinancialreporting.Theseobjectivesrelatetogeneral-purposefinancialreportingofcompanies.Thatis,theyaretomeettheneedsofavarietyofexternal,ratherthaninternal,users.Thisisapointshouldbeemphasized.Threebroadobjectivesoffinancialreporting,whichproceedfromthemoregeneraltothemorespecific,areident

43、ifiedintheStatement:(a)Thegeneralobjectiveistoprovideinformationthatisusefultopresentandpotentialinvestors,creditors,andotherexternalusersfordecision-making;(b)Financialreportingshouldprovideinformationthatisunderstandabletoonewhohasareasonableknowledgeofaccountingandbusinessandwhoiswillingtostudyan

44、danalyzetheinformationpresented;(c)Whiletherearemanypotentialusersoffinancialreports,theobjectivesaredirectedprimarilytowardinvestorsandcreditors.Additionally,threespecificobjectivesareidentifiedinFASBStatementofFinancialAccountingConceptsNo.1:(a)Toprovideinformationaboutacompanyseconomicresourcesan

45、dtheclaimstothoseresources,i.e.,itseconomicresources,obligations,andownersequity;(b)Toprovideinformationaboutacompanyscomprehensiveincomeanditscomponents;(c)Toprovideinformationaboutacompanyscashflows.TheFASBhasidentifiedfivetypesofinformationrelatedtothefinancialreportingobjectivetohelpexternaluser

46、sassesstheamounts,timing,anduncertaintyofthefuturenetcashinflowsofthecompany.Theyare:(a)Investorsexpectareturnonthecapitaltheyinvest;(b)Riskistheuncertaintyorunpredictabilityofacompanysfutureresults;(c)Financialflexibilityistheabilityofacompanytorespondtounexpectedneedsandopportunitiesbychangingthea

47、mountsandtimingofcashflows;(d)Liquidityrelatestohowquicklyanassetcanbeconvertedintocash,oraliabilitypaid;(e)Acompanysoperatingcapabilityisitsabilitytomaintainagivenphysicallevelofoperations.3.QualitativecharacteristicsofaccountinginformationFASBStatementofFinancialAccountingConceptsNo.2specifiesqual

48、itativecharacteristicsofaccountinginformationthataccountinginformationshouldpossessinordertobemostuseful.DifferentfromChina,FASBhassethierarchyofqualitativecharacteristics.Thehierarchyshowstwoconstraintstoaccountinginformation:(a)Cost-benefit:thebenefitofinformationmustbegreaterthanitscost.(b)Materiality:thedollaramountsinvolvedmustbelargeenoughtomakeadifferencetodecisionmakers.SincenoquantitativeguidelinesweresetbytheFASB,materialitymustbedeterminedbyjudgment.However,theFASBsuggestedconsiderationofnatureandrelatives