中国劳动法英文版知识分享.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。中国劳动法英文版-LABOURLAWOFTHEPEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINAISSUED:AdoptedatheEighthMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheEighthNationalPeoplesCongressonJuly5,1994,promulgatedbyOrderNo.28ofthePresidentofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaonJuly5,1994,andeffectiveasofJanuary1,1995-Co

2、ntentsChapter1GeneralProvisionsChapter2PromotionofEmploymentChapter3LabourContractsandCollectiveContractsChapter4WorkingHours,RestsandLeavesChapter5WagesChapter6LabourSafetyandSanitationChapter7SpecialProtectionforFemaleStaffandWorkersandJuvenileWorkersChapter8VocationalTrainingChapter9SocialInsuran

3、ceandWelfareChapter10LabourDisputesChapter11SupervisionandInspectionChapter12LegalResponsibilitiesChapter13SupplementaryProvisionsChapter1GeneralProvisionsArticle1ThisLawisherebyformulatedinaccordancewiththeConstitutioninordertoprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflabourers,readjustlabourrelation

4、ship,establishandsafeguardthelaboursystemsuitingthesocialistmarketeconomy,andpromoteeconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress.Article2ThisLawappliestoenterprises,individually-ownedeconomicorganisations(hereinafterreferredtoastheemployer)andlabourerswhoformalabourrelationshipwiththemwithintheboundaryofthe

5、PeoplesRepublicofChina.Statedepartments,institutionalorganisationsandsocialgroupsandlabourerswhoformalabourrelationshipwiththemshallfollowthisLaw.Article3Labourershavetherighttobeemployedonanequalbasis,chooseoccupations,obtainremunerationsforlabour,takerests,haveholidaysandleaves,receivelaboursafety

6、andsanitationprotection,gettraininginprofessionalskills,enjoysocialinsuranceandwelfaretreatment,andsubmitapplicationsforsettlementoflabourdisputes,andotherlabourrightsstipulatedbylaw.Labourersshallfulfiltheirtasksoflabour,improvetheirprofessionalskills,followrulesonlaboursafetyandsanitation,observel

7、abourdisciplineandprofessionalethics.Article4Theemployershallestablishandperfectrulesandregulationsinaccordancewithlawandguaranteethatlabourersenjoylabourrightandfulfilllabourobligations.Article5TheStateshalltakevariousmeasurestopromoteemployment,developvocationaleducation,formulatelabourstandards,r

8、egulatesocialincomes,perfectsocialinsurance,coordinatelabourrelationships,andgraduallyraisethelivingleveloflabourers.Article6TheStateshalladvocatelabourersparticipationinsocialvoluntarylabour,labourcompetition,andactivitiesofforwardingrationalproposals;encourageandprotectlabourersinscientificresearc

9、h,technicalrenovation,andinvention;andcommendandawardlabourmodelsandadvancedworkers.Article7Labourersshallhavetherighttoparticipateinandorganizetradeunionsinaccordancewithlaw.Tradeunionsshallrepresentandsafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflabourers,andstageactivitiesindependentlyinaccordancewi

10、thlaw.Article8Labouersshalltakepartindemocraticmanagementthroughworkerscongress,workersrepresentativeassembly,oranyotherformsinaccordancewithlaw,orconsultwiththeemployeronanequalfootingaboutprotectionofthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflabourers.Article9ThelabourmanagementdepartmentundertheStateCounc

11、ilshalltakechargeofthemanagementoflabourofthewholecountry.Localpeoplesgovernmentsabovethecountylevelshalltakechargeofthemanagementoflabourinareasundertheirjurisdiction.Chapter2PromotionofEmploymentArticle10TheStateshallcreateemploymentconditionsandexpandemploymentopportunitiesthroughpromotionofecono

12、micandsocialdevelopment.TheStateshallencourageenterprises,institutionalorganisations,andsocialgroupstostartindustriesorexpandbusinesseswithinthescopeallowedbystipulationsoflawsandadministrativedecreesforthepurposeofincreasingemployment.TheStateshallsupportlabourerstoorganizeandemploythemselvesonavol

13、untarybasisandtogetemployedinindividualbusinesses.Article11Localpeoplesgovernmentsatvariouslevelsshalltakemeasurestodevelopvariouskindsofjobagenciesandprovideemploymentservices.Article12Labourersshallnotbediscriminatedagainstinemploymentduetotheirnationality,race,sex,orreligiousbelief.Article13Women

14、shallenjoyequalrightsasmeninemployment.SexshallnotbeusedasapretextforexcludingwomenfromemploymentduringrecruitmentofworkersunlessthetypesofworkorpostsforwhichworkersarebeingrecruitedarenotsuitableforwomenaccordingtoStateregulations.Norshallthestandardsofrecruitmentberaisedwhenitcomestowomen.Article1

15、4Anyspecialstipulationsinlawsandregulationsabouttheemploymentofthedisabled,minoritypeople,anddemobilizedsoldiersshallbeobserved.Article15Theemployershallbebannedfromrecruitingjuvenilesundertheageof16.Art,sportsandspecial-skillunitsthatplantorecruitjuvenilesundertheageof16shallgothroughexaminationand

16、approvalproceduresaccordingtorelevantStateregulationsandguaranteetherightoftheemployedtoreceivecompulsoryeducation.Chapter3LabourContractsandCollectiveContractsArticle16Labourcontractsareagreementsreachedbetweenlabourersandtheemployertoestablishlabourrelationshipsandspecifytherights,interestsandobli

17、gationsofeachparty.Labourcontractsshallbeconcludediflabourrelationshipsaretobeestablished.Article17Conclusionandalterationoflabourcontractsshallfollowtheprincipleofequality,voluntariness,andagreementthroughconsultation.Theyshallnotruncountertostipulationsinlawsoradministrativedecrees.Labourcontracts

18、shallbecomelegallybindingoncetheyareconcludedinaccordancewithlaw.Thepartiesinvolvedshallfulfilobligationsstipulatedinlabourcontracts.Article18Thefollowinglabourcontractsshallbeinvalid;(1)Labourcontractsconcludedagainstlawsoradministrativedecrees;(2)Labourcontractsconcludedthroughcheating,threat,oran

19、yothermeans.Invalidlabourcontractsshallnotbelegallybindingfromtheverybeginningoftheirconclusion.Ifalabourcontractisconfirmedasbeingpartiallyinvalid,theotherpartsshallbevalidifthepartsthatareinvaliddonotaffectthevalidityoftheseotherparts.Theinvalidityofalabourcontractshallbeconfirmedbyalabourdisputea

20、rbitrationcommitteeorapeoplescourt.Article19Labourcontractsshallbeconcludedinwrittenformandcontainthefollowingclauses:(1)Timelimitofthelabourcontract;(2)Contentofwork;(3)Labourprotectionandlabourconditions;(4)Labourremunerations;(5)Labourdisciplines;(6)Conditionsfortheterminationofthelabourcontract;

21、(7)Liabilitiesforviolationsofthelabourcontract.Apartfromthenecessaryclausesspecifiedintheprecedingclause,thepartiesinvolvedcanincludeintheirlabourcontractsothercontentsagreeduponbythemthroughconsultation.Article20Thetimelimitsoflabourcontractsshallbedividedintofixedandflexibletimelimitsandtimelimits

22、forthecompletionofcertainamountofwork.Labourcontractswithflexibletimelimitsshallbeconcludedbetweenthelabourersandtheemployeriftheformerrequestfortheconclusionoflabourcontractswithflexibletimelimitsafterworkingcontinuouslywiththeemployerformorethen10yearsandwithagreementbetweenbothofthepartiesinvolve

23、dtoprolongtheircontracts.Article21Probationperiodscanbeagreeduponinlabourcontracts.Theseprobationperiodsshallnot,however,exceedsixmonthsatthelongest.Article22Thepartiesinvolvedinalabourcontractcanreachagreementsintheirlabourcontractsonmattersconcerningthekeepingofthecommercialsecretsoftheemployer.Ar

24、ticle23Labourcontractsshallterminateupontheexpirationoftheirtimelimitsortheoccurrenceoftheconditionsagreeduponinlabourcontractsbythepartiesinvolvedforterminatingthesecontracts.Article24Labourcontractscanberevokedwithagreementreachedbetweenthepartiesinvolvedthroughconsultation.Article25Theemployercan

25、revokelabourcontractsshouldanyoneofthefollowingcasesoccurwithitslabourers:(1)Whentheyareprovedduringprobationperiodstobeunqualifiedforemployment;(2)Whentheyseriouslyviolatelabourdisciplinesortherulesorregulationsoftheemployer;(3)Whentheycausegreatlossestotheemployerduetoseriousderelictionofdutiesore

26、ngagementinmalpracticesforselfishends;(4)Whentheyarebroughttoholdcriminalresponsibilitiesinaccordancewithlaw.Article26Theemployercanrevokelabourcontractsshouldanyoneofthefollowingcasesoccur,withitslabourerstobenotified,inwrittenform,ofsuchrevocationin30daysadvance:(1)Thelabourerscanneithertakeupthei

27、roriginaljobsnoranyotherkindsofnewjobsassignedbytheemployeraftercompletionofmedicaltreatmentfortheirillnessesorinjuriesnotsufferedduringwork;(2)Thelabourersareincompetentattheirjobsandremainassoevenaftertrainingorafterreadjustingtheworkposts;(3)Noagreementsonaalterationoflabourcontractscanbereachedt

28、hroughconsultationbetweenandbythepartiesinvolvedwhenmajorchangestakingplaceintheobjectiveconditionsservingasthebasisoftheconclusionofthesecontractspreventthembeingimplemented.Article27Incaseitbecomesamustfortheemployertocutdownthenumberofworkforceduringtheperiodoflegalconsolidationwhenitcomestothebr

29、inkofbankruptcyorwhenitrunsdeepintodifficultiesinbusiness,theemployershallexplainthesituationtoitstradeunionorallofitsemployees30daysinadvance,solicitopinionsfromitstradeunionortheemployees,andreporttothelabouradministrativedepartmentbeforeitmakessuchcuts.Iftheemployercutsitsstaffaccordingtostipulat

30、ionsinthisArticleandthenseeksrecruitswithinsixmonths,itshallfirstrecruitthosethathavebeencut.Article28TheemployershallmakeeconomiccompensationsinaccordancewithrelevantStateregulationsifitrevokeslabourcontractsaccordingtostipulationsinArticle24,Article26andArticle27ofthisLaw.Article29Theemployershall

31、notrevokelabourcontractsinaccordancewithstipulationsinArticle26andArticle27ofthisLawshouldanyoneofthefollowingcasesoccurwithitslabourers:(1)Thosewhoareconfirmedtohavetotallyorpartiallylosttheirlabourabilityduetooccupationaldiseasesorwork-relatedinjuries;(2)Thosewhoarereceivingtreatmentfortheirdiseas

32、esorinjuriesduringprescribedperiodoftime;(3)Womenemployeesduringpregnancy,puerperium,andnursingperiods;(4)Otherscasesstipulatedbylawsandadministrativedecrees.Article30Thetradeunionshallhavetherighttoairitsopinionsifitregardsasinappropriatetherevocationofalabourcontractbytheemployer.Iftheemployerviol

33、ateslaws,regulationsorlabourcontracts,itstradeunionshallhavetherighttoaskforhandlingthecaseanew.Iflabourersapplyforarbitrationorraiselawsuits,thetradeunionshallrendersupportandhelpinaccordancewithlaw.Article31Labourersplanningtorevokelabourcontractsshallgiveawrittennoticetotheiremployerin30daysadvan

34、ce.Article32Labourerscannotify,atanytime,theiremployeroftheirdecisiontorevokelabourcontractsinanyoneofthefollowingcases:(1)Duringtheirperiodsofprobation;(2)Iftheyareforcedtoworkbytheemployerthroughmeansofviolence,threatordeprivalofpersonalfreedominviolationoflaw;(3)Failureonthepartoftheemployertopay

35、labourremunerationsortoprovidelabourconditionsasagreeduponinlabourcontracts.Article33Theemployeesofanenterpriseasonepartymayconcludeacollectivecontractwiththeenterpriseasanotherpartyonlabourrenumerations,workhours,restsandleaves,laboursafetyandsanitation,insurance,welfaretreatment,andothermatters.Th

36、edraftcollectivecontractshallbesubmittedtotheworkersrepresentativeassemblyoralltheemployeesfordiscussionandpassage.Collectivecontractsshallbesignedbyandbetweenthetradeuniononbehalfoftheemployeesandtheemployer.Inanenterprisethathasnotyetsetupatradeunion,suchcontractsshallbesignedbyandbetweenrepresent

37、ativesrecommendedbyworkersandtheenterprise.Article34Labourcontractsshallbereportedtolabouradministrativedepartmentsaftertheirconclusion.Labourcontractsshalltakeeffectautomaticallyifnoobjectionsareraisedbytheselabouradministrativedepartmentswithin15daysaftertheyarereceived.Article35Labourcontractscon

38、cludedinaccordancewithlawshallhebindingonboththeenterpriseandallofitsemployees.Thestandardsonlabourconditionsandlabourpaymentsagreeduponinlabourcontractsconcludedbetweenindividuallabourersandtheirenterprisesshallnotbelowerthanthosestipulatedincollectivecontracts.Chapter4WorkingHours,Rests,andLeavesA

39、rticle36TheStateshallpractiseaworkinghoursystemwhereinlabourersshallworkfornomorethaneighthoursadayandnomorethan44hoursaweekontheaverage.Article37Incaseoflabourersworkingonthebasisofpiecework,theemployershallrationallyfixquotasofworkandstandardsofpieceworkremunerationinaccordancewiththeworkinghoursy

40、stemstipulatedinArticle36ofthisLaw.Article38Theemployershallguaranteethatitslabourershaveatleastonedayoffaweek.Article39IfanenterprisecannotfollowthestipulationsinArticle36andArticle38ofthisLawduetospecialcharacteristicsofitsproduction,itmayfollowotherrulesonworkandrestwiththeapprovalbylabouradminis

41、trativedepartments.Article40Theemployershallarrangerestsforlabourersinaccordancewithlawduringthefollowingholidays:(1)TheNewYearsDay;(2)TheSpringFestival;(3)TheInternationalLabourDay;(4)TheNationalDay;(5)Otherholidaysstipulatedbylawsandregulations.Article41Theemployercanprolongworkhoursduetoneedsofpr

42、oductionorbusinessesafterconsultationwithitstradeunionandlabourers.Theworkhourstobeprolonged,ingeneral,shallbenolongerthanonehouraday,ornomorethanthreehoursadayifsuchprolongingiscalledforduetospecialreasonsandundertheconditionthatthephysicalhealthoflabourersisguaranteed.Theworktimetobeprolongedshall

43、notexceed,however,36hoursamonth.Article42TheprolongingofworkhoursshallnotbesubjecttorestrictionsofstipulationsofArticle41ofthisLawinanyoneofthefollowingcases:(1)Needforemergencytreatmentduringoccurrenceofnaturaldisasters,accidentsorotherreasonsthatthreatenthelife,healthorpropertysafetyoflabourers;(2

44、)Needfortimelyrush-repairofproductionequipment,transportationlinesorpublicfacilitiesthathavegoneoutoforderandasaresultaffectproductionandpublicinterests;(3)Othercasesstipulatedinlawsandadministrativedecrees.Article43TheemployershallnotprolongtheworkhoursoflabourersinviolationofthestipulationsofthisL

45、aw.Article44Theemployershallpaylabourersmorewageremunerationsthanthosefornormalworkaccordingtothefollowingstandardsinanyoneofthefollowingcases:(1)Wagepaymentstolabourersnolessthan150percentoftheirwagesifthelabourersareaskedtoworklongerhours;(2)Wagepaymentstolabourersnolessthan200percentoftheirwagesi

46、fnorestcanbearrangedafterwardsforthelabourersaskedtoworkondaysofrest;(3)Wagepaymentstolabourersnolessthan300percentoftheirwagesifthelabourersareaskedtoworkonlegalholidays.Article45TheStatefollowsthesystemofannualleaveswithpay.Labourersshallbeentitledtoannualleaveswithpayafterworkingformorethanoneyea

47、rcontinuously.SpecificrulesonthisshallbeworkedoutbytheStateCouncil.Chapter5WagesArticle46Distributionofwagesshallfollowtheprincipleofdistributionaccordingtoworkandequalpayforequalwork.Thelevelofwagesshallberaisedgraduallyonthebasisofeconomicdevelopment.TheStateshallexercisemacroregulationandcontrolo

48、vertotalpayrolls.Article47TheemployershallfixitsformofwagedistributionandwagelevelonitsownandinaccordancewiththisLawaccordingtothecharacteristicsofitsproductionandbusinessesandeconomicefficiency.Article48TheStateshallimplementasystemofguaranteedminimumwages.Specificstandardsonminimumwagesshallbestipulatedbyprovincial,autonomousregionalandmunicipalpeoplesgovernmentsandreportedtotheStateCouncilforregistration.Theemployershallpaylabourerswagesnolowerthanlocalstanda