中考英语专题复习：中考动词及句式总复习知识讲解.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。中考英语专题复习：中考动词及句式总复习-中考动词及句式总复习【同步教育信息】一.本周教学内容：寒假专题动词及句式动词种类：句法：谓语动词：1.行为动词（1）vt.必须跟宾语，语法意义才完整有主被动语态，但在下列特殊句型中vt.后不能跟宾语havetodo有要干givetodo给干Its+adj.+todo（2）vi.不能直接跟宾语，只有主动语态，若要及物必须跟上相应prep.（3）vt.&vi.open,close,burn,sing,study,sell,read,write,clean,keep,a

2、ct,wash,feel2.系动词系adj.adv.n.prep.从句，不定式，分词（1）常见系动词：be,become,seem,look,feel,smell,sound,taste,turn,keep,get,looklike,（2）固定搭配：keepsilent,keepquiet,gobad,fallin/asleep,get+adj.，turnadj.（3）系动词通常没被动，少数有进行时befeeling,begetting3.延续性v.与终止性v.（1）终止性v.表延续的转换换时态：v.+ago换词：arrive/getto/reach-behere/thereend-beove

3、rgetback/return-bebackborrow-keepbuy-havego-betherecome-behere（2）终止性动词的进行时表将要或反复不断的动作Heisjumpingoverthere.他在那边反复跳。（3）延续性动词与具体时刻的状语连用时用进行时Wewerewaitingforyouat3yesterdayafternoon.（4）while引出的时间状语从句中的v.必须用延续性动词，多为进行时。（5）终止性动词否定until直到才延续性动词肯定until一直干到为止英语基本句式：英语句子有五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。绝大多数英语句子都

4、是由这五个基本句式生成的。SV主谓结构SVF主系表结构SVO主谓宾结构SVO1O2主谓双宾结构SVOC主谓宾补结构说明：S主语；F谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下：1.SV句式:在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi.)。例如：Herunsquickly.他跑得快。Theylistenedcarefully.他们听得很仔细。Hesufferedfromcoldandhunger.他挨冻受饿。Myinkhasrunout.我的钢笔水用完了。2.SVF句式:在此句式中，V是系动词(linkv.)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，app

5、ear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fallill/asleep，stand/sitstill，become，turn等。例如：Heseeninterestedinthebook.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。Thestorysoundsinteresting.这个故事听起来有趣。Thedeskfeelshard.书桌摸起来很硬。Thecaketastesnice.饼尝起来很香。Theflowerssmellsweetandnice.花闻起来香甜。Youhavegrowntallerthanbefore.你长得比以前高了。Hehassuddenlyfallenill

6、.他突然病倒了。Hebecomesateacherwhenhegrewup.他长大后当了教师。注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如：Helookedmeupanddown.他上下打量我。Theyaretastingthefish.他们在品尝鱼。PleaseturnthesentenceintoEnglish.请把这个句子译成英语。3.S十V十O句式:在此句式中，V是及物动词(vt.)，因此有宾语。例如：Isawafilmyesterday.我昨天看了一部电影。Haveyoureadthestory?你读过这个故事吗?Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily.他们很容易

7、找到他们的家。Theybuiltahouselastyear.他们去年建了一所房子。Theyveputupafactoryinthevillage.他们在村里建了一座工厂。Theyhavetakengoodcareofthechildren.这些孩子他们照看得很好。4.SVO1O2句式:在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get，rob，warn等。例如：Hegavemeabook/abooktome.他给我一本书。Hebroughtmeapen/apentome.他带给

8、我一枝钢笔。Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattome.他把座位让给我。注意下边动词改写后介词的变化：Motherboughtmeabook/abookforme.妈妈给我买了一本书。Hegotmeachair/achairforme.他给我弄了一把椅子。Pleasedomeafavor/afavorforme.请帮我一下。5.SVOC句式:在此句式中，V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多，哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补，须根据动词的惯用法而定，不能统而概论。请看下面的例子。Th

9、eymadethegirlangry.他们使这个女孩生气了。Theyfoundherhappythatday.他们发现那天她很高兴。TheynamedtheboyCharlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。Isawhimcomeinandgoout.我见他进来又出去。Theyfeltthecarmovingfast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。Iheardtheglassbrokenjustnow.我刚才听到玻璃碎了。【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）一.选择填空：1.Shecamehere_.A.sinceamonthagoB.foramonthC.amonthagoD.nextmonth2.Th

10、eygothere_.A.amomentagoB.foramomentC.sinceamomentagoD.sometimes3.Myfatherhaslivedhere_.A.forthreeyearsB.sincethreeyearsC.forthreeyearsagoD.threeyearsago4.LucyandLily_inBeijingfornearlytwoyears.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.havebeen5.Myuncle_sinceheleftschool.A.smokedB.wassmokingC.hassmokedD.hadsmoked6.They_1

11、00,000treesbytheendof1994.A.plantedB.hasplantedC.haveplantedD.hadplanted7.BythetimeDavegotup,hismother_breakfast.A.hascookedB.hadcookedC.cookedD.havecooked8.Hesaidthathe_never_suchabeautifulpicturebefore.A.hasseenB.had.seenC.haveseenD.wasseeing9.Mysister_forthreeyearsbeforeshewenttocollege.A.hadwork

12、edB.workedC.hasworkedD.haveworked10.Look!They_theirclassroom.A.cleanB.arecleaningC.cleanedD.wascleaning二.根据对话，用所给动词的适当形式填空：A:WheresKate?B:She_1_(go)toLondon.A:When_2_she_3_(leave)?B:She_4_(leave)earlythismorning.A:How_5_she_6_(go)there?B:She_7_(go)therebyplane.A:When_8_she_9_(come)back?B:Sorry,Idont

13、know.Perhapsshe_10_(get)backinamonth.三.阅读短文并用所给动词的适当形式填空：CaptainBenFawcetthasboughtanunusualtaxiand_(begin)anewservice.The“taxi”isasmallSwissaerophanecalleda“PilatusPorter”.Thiswonderfulplanecancarrysevenpassengers.CaptainFawcettsfirstpassenger_(be)adoctorwho_(fly)fromBirminghamtoalonelyvillageinthe

14、Welshmountains.Sincethen,CaptainFawcett_(fly)passengerstomanyunusualplaces.Oncehe_(land)ontheroofofablockofflatsandonanotheroccasion,he_(land)inadesertedcarpark.CaptainFawcett_just_(refuse)astrangerequestfromabusinessman.Theman_(want)toflytoRockall,butCaptainFawcett_(nottake)himbecausethetrip_(be)to

15、odangerous.四.阅读理解:(A)CanYouMakeShortPhoneCalls？Phonesareveryusefultous,andwecantworkwithoutthem.Butphonesalsobringtroubles.Forexample,afriendwantstotellyouhisorherlatesthealthproblemonthephone.Youareverybusy,soyouhavetocutyourfriendoff.Whatwillyousay?Whenyouansweracall,dontaskquestionslike“Howarethi

16、ngs?”becausethesequestionswillmakethemthinkthatyouhavetimetotalklonger.After“hello,”getrighttotheheartofthematteryouwanttosay.Whenyoumakeacall,youshouldcallattherighttime.Ifyoucallrightbeforelunchordinner,orattheendoftheworkday,peoplewillnottalktoomuch.Whenyoucallsomeoneanddonotwanttotalklonger,youm

17、aystartwith,“Hi,Iveonlygotafewminutes,butIwanttotalktoyouabout”or,“Idliketotalkmore,butIonlyhaveafewminutesbeforeIhavetogo.”Ifyoudontwanttospendtimetalkingtosomeone,youmustsay,“Idliketotalktoyoulonger,butImustsayGoodbye.”Dontwaitfortheanswer.Ifsomeonedoesnotstoptalkingandyouhavetoleave,youcanasksome

18、oneinyourhometohelpyou.Forexample,yousignaltoyourfather,andyourfathersaysloudly,“Mary,Ithinkthebreadisburning!”()1.Whenyouwanttomakeashortphonecall,youshouldsay:_andthengorighttothematter.A.Howarethings?B.Whatsnew?C.Howareyoudoing?D.IonlyhavethreeminutesbeforeIhavetoleave.()2.Whenyouwanttostoptalkin

19、g,youcansay:_A.Ihavetogonow.Goodbye.B.Imgladtotalktoyou.WhatcanIdoforyou?C.So,whatelseisnew?D.Hi.Howarethings?()3.Ifsomeonedoesnotstoptalkingandyouhavetoleave,youcan_A.asksomeoneinyourhometohelpyou.B.shouttohimloudly.C.cryloudly.D.Throwthephonetothefloor.(B)HowtoUseanATMPatBrownwenttoherbanktoaskfor

20、anATMcard.Itlookslikeacreditcard.Afewweekslater,thebankpostedheracardandafour-numberpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).HerPINis1234.AsPatwasgettingreadyforbedonenight,sherememberedthatshehad$2inherbag.Thenextdayshehadtogive$10foralunchforaco-worker.Shedidntwanttogetupearlytogotothebank.Soshehadtogoto

21、thebankatnight.SheusedherATMcardtowithdraw(takeout)$50fromhercheckingaccount(现金帐户).Thesearethestepsshefollowedtowithdrawmoney.First,sheputhercardinthelowerslot(狭孔)ontherightsideofthemachine.Shemadesurehercardwasfacingtherightway.Second,thecomputerscreensaid,“Pleaseenter(putin)yourPIN.”Patpressed(按)t

22、henumber1,2,3,and4.next,thescreensaid,“Pleaseselecttypeoftransaction(交易)youwantbypressotherkeys.”Patpressedthebottomkeyforwithdrawingmoney.Thenthescreensaid,“Fromwhichaccount?”ThechoicesitgavewereChecking,Savings,andMoneyMarket.Patpressedthekeyforchecking.Next,thescreensaid,“Pleasechooseamountoftran

23、saction.”Patpushedthenumber5andthen0threetimes,untilthescreenread,“50.00”.Thescreenthenread,“Pleasewait”.Inlessthanaminute,itread,“Pleaseputupthelidandtakeyourmoney.”PatliftsthelidmarkedWithdraw.Shecountedher$50tomakesuretheATMhadntmadeamistake.Thenshewaitedforherwithdrawsliptocomeoutoftheslotattheu

24、pperrightcornerofthemachine.Patcheckedthesliptomakesureitwascorrect.ThenherATMcardwasreturnedthroughthecardslot.Sheputitinherbagandwalkedaway.IfPathadmadeamistakeatanypointbypressingthewrongbutton,shecouldhavepressedCancelandstartedoveragain.WhatyoushoulddoWhatcomputershouldsayPuthercardinthelowersl

25、ot.Enter(putin)yourPIN1._2._PressthebottomkeyforwithdrawingmoneySelecttypeofaccount3._ChooseamountoftransactionPushthenumberyouwantPutupthelidandtakeyourmoneyLiftthelidmarkedWithdraw4._WaitforherwithdrawsliptocomeoutoftheslotCheckthesliptomakesureitwascorrectReturnthroughthecardslot【试题答案】一.CAADC,CBB

26、AB二.1.hasgone2.did3.leave4.left5.did6.go7.went8.wille10.willget三.begun,was,flew,hasflown,landed,landed,has,refused,wanted,didnttake,was四.(A)DAA(B)1.PressthePINnumbers2.Selecttypeoftransactionyouwant3.Pressthekeyforchecking4.Counthermoney【励志故事】当机不断的教训华裔电脑名人王安博士，声称影响他一生的最大的教训，发生在他六岁之时。有一天，王安外出玩耍。路经一棵大

27、树的时候，突然有什么东西掉在他的头上。他伸手一抓，原来是个鸟巢。他怕鸟粪弄脏了衣服，于是赶紧用手拨开。鸟巢掉在了地上，从里面滚出了一只嗷嗷待哺的小麻雀。他很喜欢它，决定把它带回去喂养，于是连鸟巢一起带回了家。王安回到家，走到门口，忽然想起妈妈不允许他在家里养小动物。所以，他轻轻地把小麻雀放在门后，匆忙走进室内，请求妈妈的允许。在他的苦苦哀求下，妈妈破例答应了儿子的请求。王安兴奋地跑到门后，不料，小麻雀已经不见了。一只黑猫正在那里意犹未尽地擦试着嘴巴。王安为此伤心了好久。这件事给了王安终身有益的教训，他由此得出一个结论：只要是自己认为对的事情，绝不可优柔寡断，必须马上付诸行动。不能做决定的人，固然没有做错事的机会，但也失去了成功的机运。-