中考英语专题复习：代词1教学文案.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。中考英语专题复习：代词1-代词代词是指代替名词短语的词，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。代词按其意义，特征以及在句中的作用可分为八类：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，疑问代词，相互代词，关系代词和不定代词。人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimself

2、sheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves一人称代词1第一人称单数I代表说话者，须大写。如：ThatswhatIwant.那就是我想要的。2当句中同时有几个人称代词出现时，一般是按you,he,I排列，如：YouandIbothenjoymusic.3人称代词做主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格，作表语时用宾格较多。Heisadoctor.Doyouknowhim?4特殊用法的人称代词ita)作无人称动词的主语，表示天气，时间，距离，但此时的it，并不译为“它”。如：Itwasrainingyesterday

3、.Whattimeisit?Itssixthirty.b)作先行词，引导非谓语动词或从句Itisgoodforyourhealthtodomorningexercises.c)用作形式宾语（代替不定式短语，动名词，宾语从句等真正宾语）。WefinditveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.d)某些结构惯用it作主语Itdoesntmatterwhetheryougoornot.It作先行词的强调结构。英语常用的强调结构是：Itis(was)+被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+who(that)。一般说来，被强调部分指人时用who.指物时用that.ItisnotIwho

4、feelstired.Itwasatoyplanethathechoseatlast.注：特指不明身份的人，也用it指代。WhoisthisinPictureTwo?ItsSunWukong.“Whoisknockingatthedoor?”“IthinkitsLiLei.”二物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也可称为代词属格。它分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。1.形容词性物主代词通常修饰名词，做定语。Hisbikeisblue.与own连用表示强调。Isawitwithmyowneyes.2.名词性物主代词可作主语、表语和宾语。Thisisyoureraser.Mineisonth

5、edesk.3名词性物主代词常用于双重属格，与of连接且用于祝愿语等句中。如：Sheisafriendofmine.注：名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的区别：Thisismybag.Thisbagismine.三反身代词反身代词表示谓语动词的动作返回行为主体本身，或起强调作用；它与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系。在人称，性别，数上应保持一致。反身代词用作宾语，表语和同位语。1作动词宾语WeteachourselvesEnglish.2用作介词宾语Theyoungmanisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.3作表语Thatpoorboywasmyself.4作同位语T

6、heyoungpeoplethemselveshavelearnedEnglish.5用于固定习语dressoneselfcalloneselfhelponeself四指示代词指示代词是用来指示人或事物的代词，包括：this,these,those,such等。它在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。形容词性用法是作定语，而名词性用法是作主语，宾语，表语。1作主语Thesearemybooksandthosearehisbooks.2作宾语Wewilldothat.3作表语Myideaisthat.4作定语Ilikethosechildren.5指示代词的用法thisthese指近的事物，that

7、those指远的事物ThisisamapofChina.ThatisamapofAmerica.6such的用法a.表示“如此，这样的人或事”在句中作主语或定语Suchwaswhathewantedtotellme.b.such常用于结构such(a/an)(adj.)+名词中。Itissuchafinedaythatwedallliketohaveawalkoutside.五疑问代词who(whom),whose,what,which称为疑问代词，用来构成特殊疑问句。1who,what的用法who多指姓名、关系等，what多指职业、地位等。-Whoisthewomaningreen?-She

8、ismyaunt.-Whatisthegirl?-Sheisabookseller.2.who,which的用法who指人，它所指的对象没有范围限制，可以是一个或几个人。而which可以指人或物，它所指的对象有范围限制，只能是一个或一类。Whobrokethatwindow?WhichoftheTVplaysdoyoulikebest?3.what,which的用法what指的事物无范围限制，侧重于种类，which指的事物有范围限制，侧重于哪一个Whatsportdoyoulikebest?Whichsportdoyoulikebest?4.whose,whom的用法whose是who的属格，

9、用于指示所有者，whom是who的宾格，用于指示对象。Whomaretheytalkingabout?Whoseumbrellaisthat?六相互代词相互代词是表示相互关系的代词。在现代英语中，eachother和oneanother在用法上没有什么区别。一般认为eachother多用于非正式文体，而oneanother则多用于较正式文体。在句中，相互代词可用作宾语、定语等Donttalktoeachother(oneanother).Wemusthelponeanother.Theyknoweachothersfavorite(s).七关系代词关系代词有who,whose,whom.tha

10、t,which,as等，可用作引导从句的关联词。缩合连接代词也属于关系代词范畴，这种代词主要有：what,who,that,whatever,whoever,whichever等，多用以引导名词性从句。WhatIwantismoney.Whohelikesisnotme.八不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。1不定代词的分类普通不定代词包括some,any,no及其构成的复合不定代词something,anyone,nothing,someone等。个体代词包括all,every,each,other,another,either,neither,both,half以及ev

11、ery构成的复合不定代词。数量代词包括many,much,few,little,afew,alittle,alotof,lotsof,agreatdeal,agreatmany2.不定代词的用法some,someone,somebody,something一般用于肯定句WecanspeaksomeJapanese.Thereissomethingwrongwithhercomputer.any,anyone,anybody,anything一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中Thereisntanyfoodordrinksinthefridge.Ididntknowanythingaboutitu

12、ntilhetoldme.no,noone,nobody,nothing一般用于句中表示否定意义Ihavenowatch.Nobodycanhelphim.One不定代词one指代可数名词，既可指人，亦可指物，它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数名词。代表复数时可以用ones.Herearetwosweaters.Theblueoneishis.Mineistheblackone.Ilikesmallcarsbetterthanlargeones.None通常只用作名词，在句中作主语、宾语等。意为“没有任何（人或物）”，既可指人，亦可指物。None后常跟of短语，其后用复数可数名词或不可数名词。No

13、neofthemknowstheanswertothequestion.Both,allBoth指两个人、物或群体，all指三个以上的人、物或群体或泛指一切事物。Myparentsarebothteacher.Allofmyfriendsarefootballfans.Every,eachEach一般用于指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个别，every用于指三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重全体。而且each所指对象在上下文中已十分明确。另外，each和every均常用于修饰单数可数名词。Every还可以构成复合代词everyone,everybody,everything.Eachchildgets

14、oneapple.Everystudentwenttothepark.Other,anotherOther具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人，也可指物。Other常与定冠词the连用。不定冠词an与other连用则组成another.Other:只作形容词或代词（不可单独作代词用），表示“其他的，别的”。Haveyouanyotherquestions?Theother:作形容词或代词，特指另一个或另一部分，也指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分Oneofmysocksishere,theotherisinthebed.Others:others=other+名词，泛指“别的人或物”仅有名词性用法，

15、表示“另一些，别的（人或物）”。Hereare10oranges.Fiveofthemaremine,theothersareyours.Another:作形容词或代词，泛指三个或三个以上不定数目中的“另一个，类似的一个”。Idontwantthispairofshoes,pleaseshowmeanother.Either,neitherEither指“两者中的任何一个”，neither指“两者中无一”，具有否定意义。他们在句中可作主语、宾语，表示单数概念，作主语时谓语动词必须用单数形式，后常跟of短语。Eitherofhishandisabletowriteverywell.Neither

16、ofthebooksisgood.Many,much,mostMany和much具有名词和形容词的性质，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等，都表示“许多”、“大量”。Much一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词，many只能指代或修饰复数可数名词。Most指“大部分、大多数”。Many(ofthe)boysaregoodatfootball.Wehavemuchhomeworktodoeveryday.Mostpeoplethinkso.(a)few,(a)littleafew和alittle是一对用作表数量的不定代词的固定词组。它们具有名词和形容词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等。意思是“少数、少量”

17、，其意义是肯定的。Afew指代或修饰复数形式的可数名词，alittle指代或修饰不可数名词。Few和little与afew和alittle的用法基本相同，但具有否定意义，意思是“几乎一点没有”。Myaunthasafewfriends,butshehasfewgoodfriends.Thereislittletimeleft,hurryup!代词用法练习题一、选词填空1、Thesearepensand_arepencils.(that,this,those)2、Tomwassickyesterday._iswhyhemissedschool.(That,Those,These)3、Whicho

18、f_shirtsareToms(These,this,that)4、Thisdeskismine,_ishers.(those,this,that)5、ThemapofBeijingisbetterthan_ofTianjing.(this,that,these)6、_(He,Her,His)maneisJack._(She,He,His)isacook.7、_(I,My,Mine)auntisanurse._(She,He.Her)worksveryhard.8、Pleaseshow_(me,I,mine)theway.9、Thebooksarent(my,mine,I)._(They,It

19、,Its)maybe_(her,hers,your)10、Let_(I,me,mine)tell_(her,she,hers)howtodoit.11、Help_(you,your,yourself)tosomefish,please.12、Donttell_(he,him,his)theanswer._(I,Me,Us)believethat_(he,him,his)canworkouttheproblem_(he,himself,him)13、Itsgoingtosnow,theoldwomansaito_.(her,herself,hers)14、Theladyunderthetreei

20、s_(mine,my,me)aunt._(She,Her,Herself)oftensingsEnglishsongswith_(her,hers,she)husband.15、Afriendof_(me,my,mine)cametohelp_(I,me,mine)with_(mine,my,I)homeworkyesterdayafternoon.16、Becarefulnottomake_(you,your,yourself)dirty.二、用人称代词,物主代词,指示代词和反身代词填空1、Chinaisourmotherland._isadevelopingcountry.Wealllov

21、e_verymuch.2、_is9oclocknow.Let_startourwork.3、_wasafinedayyesterday.Theboyswereenjoying_inthepark.4、Thankyouverymuchfor_help.5、Youlikethemagazine,dont_？Well,_cantsayIlike_.6、Mr.Whiteisagoodteacher.Wemustlearnfrom_.7、IsTomoverthereYes,Thats_.8、Whois_,pleaseTomansweredthephone._isAnnespeaking.9、Arethe

22、sebooksyoursNo,_arenot_.TheyareToms.10、Everyonetook_placeinthemeetingroom.11、Pleaseopen_booksandreadafter_,theteachersaidtothestudents.12、MrsBlacktoldusthatAustraliawas_motherlandandshewoulddo_bestforit.13、Thestudentshaveadeeplovefor_homeland.14、Welentthem_magazinesandtheylent_to_.15、Pleasehelp_toso

23、meapples,ladies.三、选择填空()1.Everyoneshoulddo_best.A.itsB.onesC.hisD.their()2._isaclosefriendof_.A.She,mineB.Her,mine,C.She,myD.Hers,my()3.Youcannotfinishthework_.Let_helpyou.A.youself,meB.yourself,mineC.youselves,meD.yourself,me()4._workisheavy,but_isheavierthan_.A.Our,their,ourB.Our,theirs,oursC.Ours

24、,theirs,ourD.Our,their,ours()5.Pleasetakegoodcareof_.A.youB.youselfC.yourselfD.myself()6.Ourteacheraskedustoenjoy_duringthesummerholidays.A.usB.oursC.weD.ourselves()7.Healwaysthinksofothersandneverthinksof_.A.himB.usC.hisD.himself()8.Musicmakes_relaxing.A.usB.oursC.weD.he()9.WhatsTomsphonenumber_pho

25、nenumberis81826753.A.HesB.HisC.HeD.Her()10.WhereisyourhomeworkIcantfind_anywhere.A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself()11Thoughitrainedheavily,_werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves()12Tomand_willgotoseeourteacher,for_isill.A.I;-she.B.me;sheC.I;herD.me;her()13Is_aboyorgirl?A.sheB.h

26、eC.oneD.it()14Only_knowit.A.IandheB.heandyouC.heandID.Iandyou()15Isaw_playinginthestreetatthattime.A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs()16Jimwillgive_ashorttalktomorrow.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()17Pleaseask_nottoskateonthethinice.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs()18Thepenishers.Passitto_,please.A.herB.sheC.hersD.hers

27、elf()19Letmegoandgivethecoatto_.A.heB.hisC.himselfD.him()20Theyasked_todothework.A.you,heandIB.you,himandmeC.I,youandheD.me,youandhim四句型转换1.Jimgavemeapenlastweek._2.Thewomanwasmakingaphonecall._3.ThatsTomssweater._4.Tinasbrotherjoinedthearmy._5.Hesaidnothing._五用不定代词完成下列各句1.Thereisnt_chalkintheclassr

28、oom.Pleaseget_forme.2.Ifyouhave_questions,pleaseputupyourhands.3.JimlentmetwoEnglishbooks,but_ofthemiseasyenoughforme.4.Thetrousersaretoolong.Wouldyoupleaseshowme_pair?5.Lastweektheyplantedalotofflowerson_sideoftheroad.6.Theboyisstandingwith_handsinthepockets.7.Theyhavegot_readyforthefootballmatch.8

29、.Lilylooksunhappy,_musthavehappenedtoher.9._hastakenmymathsbookbymistake.10.MissGaowantstoteachhispupil_heknows.11.Howmanystudentscanyouseeintheclassroom?-Icansee_.12._shouldtakecareofhishealth.13.Wouldyoulikesomesugarinyourcoffee?Yes,just_.14.Theres_timeleft.Wemusthurry.15.How_didyoupayforthetrouse

30、rs?16.Theoldwomanhadthreechildren.But_ofthemlivedwithher.17.Willyoupleasedo_shoppingforme.18.How_timeshaveyoubeentoBeijing?19.Youcanhaveonecake_,children.20.Goodmorning,_!Goodmorning,Teacher!答案I.1.those2.that3.These4.that5.that6.His,He7.MyShe8.me9.mine,They,hers10.meher11.yourself12him,Ihe,himself13

31、.herself14.mysheher15.minememy16.yourselfII.1.It,it2.Itus3.Itthemselves4.your5.youIit6.him7.him8.thatThis9.theymine10.his11.yourme12.herher13.their14.ourtheirsus15.yourselvesIII.1.C2.A3.D4.B5.C6.D7.D8.A9.B10.C11.A12.A13.D14.C15.A16.B17.B18.A19.D20BIv.1.WhomdidJimgiveapenlastweek?2.Whowasmakingaphonecall?3.Whosesweateristhat?4.Whosebrotherjoinedthearmy?5.Whatdidhesay?V.1.anysome2.any3.neither4.ano0ther5.either6.both7.everything8.something9.someone10.all11.none12.one13.alittle14.little15.much16.none17.some18.many19.each20.everyone-