《中考英语总复习》专题 13 祈使句和倒装句（原卷版）.docx

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1、【2019 青海省中考】_ on the grass. Its a rule of the park. A. Step B. Don t stepC. To step【试题答案】B 【参考解析】由句意“勿踏草地，这是公园的规矩。” 可知句子是否定祈使句，用dont+动词原形开头。故选B。此题考查祈使句，学生易误选A，祈使句的句首要用动词原形，祈使句的否定，在句首加助动词dont， 因此学生很容易看到动词原形step就选，而忽视了后面的附加句“这是公园的规矩”这个具体的语境。祈使句的基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。1. 肯定的祈使句句型：动词原

2、形其他成分。Be careful! 小心！Do祈使句表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。Close the door, please. 请关门。2. 否定的祈使句常用句型：Dont动词原形其他成分。Dont be late for school again! 别再迟到了！用Never开头：Never动词原形其他成分。Never leave todays work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！3. Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否

3、定形式有两种：Let.not或Dont. Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。Dont let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。【典例】1. Mark, please dont play basketball on the road. Its very dangerous._. I am going home at once.A. Have a great timeB. Sorry, I wont do thatC. Id like toD. OK, with pleasure【答案】B【解析】对今后不要

4、做某事的命令或请求表示接受时，回答要用否定的将来时。2. _ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A. NotB. Not tooC. DontD. Dont to【答案】C【解析】祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加dont，故选C。3. Look at the sign; what does it mean? It means _. A. Dont talkingB. No talkingC. Not talk【答案】B【解析】表示不要说话可以使用Dont talk. 或No talking

5、. 两种形式，因此选B项。祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1. Lets + 动词原形 + 其他可转换为Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? 。Lets go fishing this afternoon. =Shall we go fishing this afternoon? 2. 祈使句 + and/or + 简单句可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。Use your head, and youll find a way. =If you use your head, youll find a way. Hurry up, or well be late. =If we do

6、nt hurry up, well be late. 【典例】_ a dairy every day and youll improve your writing. A. KeepingB. To keepC. KeepD. If you keep【答案】C【解析】句意：每天记日记，那么你将会提高你的写作水平。祈使句(动词原形居首) + and you will. 意为做，你就会。故选C。祈使句的应答语1. 以Lets开头的祈使句，其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, Id love to. 等。Lets go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。Good idea. 好

7、主意。2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will.；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I wont(do it again).。Its going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。Dont play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。Sorry, I wont do it again. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。 【典例】Wish you good luck in the entrance exam. _. The same to yo

8、u. A. Thank youB. See youC. Im sorry to hear that【答案】A【解析】对别人的美好祝愿应表示感谢。故选A。祈使句用法口诀祈使句，无主语，动词开头就可以。表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。要想变成否定句，Dont开头别忘记。 1. 【2019 湖北省鄂州市】Last summer holiday, I didnt go anywhere. How boring!_ But Im going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A. Neither I didB. Neither did IC. So did

9、ID. So I did【参考答案】B【试题解析】句意：去年暑假，我哪儿都没去，真无聊！我也是，但是今年夏天我打算去找个地方度假。Neither I did形式错误；Neither did I.我也没有；So did I.我也一样，只能用于肯定句；So I did.我的确那样做了。根据对话中But Im going somewhere for a holiday this summer.可知第二个说话人也是哪儿都没去，neither是否定的意思，位于句首，应用倒装结构，故选B。 此题考查倒装句，neither + 助动词 + 主语 是倒装句，表示否定含义，意为我也不，此题上句表示去年暑假，我哪

10、儿都没去。，下句表示我也哪里也没去，助动词为did，故用Neither did I，So did I 表示我也去过，不符合语境。倒装句倒装作为一种语法现象，主要包括完全倒装（有的书称之为全部倒装）和部分倒装（有的书称之为半倒装或不完全例装）两种。完全倒装就是把谓语动词完全放在主语之前，而部分倒装就是把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语之前。部分倒装倒装条件例句一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗？特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。Where have you b

11、een these days?这些天你到哪里去了？"only+状语/状语从句位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，ha

12、d或should提到主语前。Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。" so. that.句型中，"so+adj. /adv.位于句首时。So fast did he run that we couldnt catch up with him. 他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。表示也(不) 的句式，即so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语形式。I dont like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它，也不在意它。某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not onlybut

13、 also，hardlywhen，nosoonerthan, notuntil等，主句用部分倒装。Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快！【易错警示】1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案？2. so+主语+谓语结构不用倒装。Jimmy is good at playing f

14、ootball. 吉米足球踢得很好。So he is. 的确。【典例】Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in._. The weather is pleasant.A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does D. So does it【答案】A【解析】句意：昆明真是个非常舒服的居住城市。答语表示昆明的确如此，要用so+主语+谓语结构，即so it is。完全倒装倒装条件例句表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out,up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主语是名词而不是

15、代词时，句子用完全倒装Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。Here he comes. 他来了。分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。There be句型是全倒装的一种There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。作表语的such位于句首时Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音!【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要

16、记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点，全部倒装谓在前。【典例】1. I have read the book Sence and Sensibility. _.A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So I have【答案】A【解析】答语表示我也读过这本书，用so+助动词+主语结构，即So have I。2. Im not going swimming this afternoon._. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.A. So am I B. So I am C. Neith

17、er am I D. Neither I【答案】C【解析】由答语后半句可知，此处表示我也不去，故要用neither + be+主语结构，故选C。【辨析】so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语和neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语的区别区别so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为也。neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为也不。Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。Mary didnt watch TV last

18、night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆也没看。【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用so主语be/助动词/情态动词。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是某人（物）也（不）是这样。这种结构中的助动词/be动词/情态动词在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。倒装句速记口诀副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词，既不也不须倒装。表语

19、前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。1. 【2019 湖北省宜昌中考】More and more people prefer to walk rather than ride in cars. . Walking is good for health.A. So they areB. So are theyC. So they doD. So do they2. 【2019 贵州省安顺中考】Wang Bin has never stopped smoking, _ he?_

20、, he hasnt. Although his wife always advises him not to.A. has; YesB. hasnt; YesC. has; NoD. hasnt; No3. 【2019 甘肃省天水中考】There is nothing left in the fridge, _?_. Lets go to the supermarket to buy some. A. is there; YesB. isnt there; YesC. is there; NoD. isnt there; No4. 【2019 贵州省黔南黔西南黔东南三州中考】Steven h

21、ad nothing for breakfast this morning，_？No. Because he had a fever. A. hadnt heB. had heC. didnt heD. did he5. 【2019 湖北省黄石市中考】He didnt go to school, did he? _， though he had a stomachache. A. No, he didnt B. Yes, he didnt C. Yes, he did D. No, he did6. 【2019 甘肃省天水中考】Peter has made great progress in

22、English recently._. He has been studying so hard these days.A. So have heB. So he hasC. So he haveD. So has he7.（2019桂林中考）_ more books, and you will improve your reading skills. A.Reading B.Read C.Reads 8. 【2019 内蒙古呼和浩特中考】_ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and Ill meet you at the train station

23、. A. Send B. Sending C. To send D. Sent9.【2019 四川省眉山市中考】_ noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.A. PreventB. PreventingC. PreventedD. To prevent1. (安徽省潜山区2020届上学期月考题) Dont touch these new buttons. Sorry, I _. A. am not B. wont C. dont D. didnt 2.（广东江门恩平市2019-2020学年度第一学期期中调研)Mike li

24、kes playing basketball A. So does he.B. So he isC. So she doesD. So he does3. (河南省南阳市内乡县2019届九年级中招一模)_ challenges actively, and then youll try your best to overcome them and you will become a better person.A. To faceB. FaceC. FacingD. Faces4. (河北武邑中学2019-2020学年度第一学期期)-Please dont stay up too late. I

25、ts bad for your health. - _. A. No, I didnt B. No, I wont C. No, I will D. Yes, I do6. (安徽淮南2019-2020学年度第一学期期中质检题） You to play the guitar?Yes,but now I play the piano. A. Did; use B. Did; used C. Are; used D. Were; use7. (2019年江苏省连云港市赣榆实验中学中考英语模拟)_ do you go to the theatre?I seldom go there because

26、I like seeing movies online.A. How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How many times8._ here quickly, Alice. I have something exciting to tell you.A. ComingB. ComesC. ComeD. To come9.Im worried about my English._ harder, _ you will catch up with your classmates.A. Working；andB. To work；orC. Work；andD. Wo

27、rked；or10.Dont _ late for class.A. beingB. beC. to be11.（2016学年广西北海合浦县五中七年级下期中考试）Tony, _ play with the mobile phone while youre walking in the street. A. dontB. doesntC. wontD. cant12.（2016届山西大同一中初三上期阶段性学业水平测试）_ that I couldnt see the magicians performance myself. My parents dont allow me to go outs

28、ide alone.A. Be sureB. Its a pityC. Make sure13. I hope to visit Beijing one day. _. A. So I do B. So do I C. Yes, I hope to do D. Yes, I will 14. Jim and I will go to the post office this afternoon. _. _ go together? A. So I do; Why dont B. So do I; What about C. So I will; How about D. So will I; Shall we