《中考英语总复习》考点25 祈使句和倒装句-备战2020年中考英语考点一遍过.doc

《《中考英语总复习》考点25 祈使句和倒装句-备战2020年中考英语考点一遍过.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《中考英语总复习》考点25 祈使句和倒装句-备战2020年中考英语考点一遍过.doc（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、命题趋势： 在近五年中考题中，对祈使句的考查在单项选择等题型中有所体现，侧重考查考生的综合运用能力。中考考查重点：1. 否定的祈使句；2. 以let开头的祈使句；3. 祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换；4. 祈使句的应答语。考向一：祈使句的基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。1. 肯定的祈使句句型：动词原形其他成分。Be careful! 小心！Do祈使句表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。Close the door, please. 请关

2、门。2. 否定的祈使句常用句型：Dont动词原形其他成分。Dont be late for school again! 别再迟到了！用Never开头：Never动词原形其他成分。Never leave todays work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！3. Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let.not或Dont. Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。Dont let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。【典例】1. Mark, p

3、lease dont play basketball on the road. Its very dangerous._. I am going home at once.A. Have a great timeB. Sorry, I wont do thatC. Id like toD. OK, with pleasure【答案】B【解析】对今后不要做某事的命令或请求表示接受时，回答要用否定的将来时。2. _ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A. NotB. Not tooC. Do

4、ntD. Dont to【答案】C【解析】祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加dont，故选C。3. Look at the sign; what does it mean? It means_. A. Dont talkingB. No talkingC. Not talk【答案】B【解析】表示不要说话可以使用Dont talk. 或No talking. 两种形式，因此选B项。考向二：祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1. Lets + 动词原形 + 其他可转换为Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? 。Lets go fishing this afternoon. =Shall we go

5、fishing this afternoon? 2. 祈使句 + and/or + 简单句可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。Use your head, and youll find a way. =If you use your head, youll find a way. Hurry up, or well be late. =If we dont hurry up, well be late. 【典例】_ a dairy every day and youll improve your writing. A. KeepingB. To keepC. KeepD. If you

6、keep【答案】C【解析】句意：每天记日记，那么你将会提高你的写作水平。祈使句(动词原形居首) + and you will. 意为做，你就会。故选C。考向三：祈使句的应答语1. 以Lets开头的祈使句，其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, Id love to. 等。Lets go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。Good idea. 好主意。2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I wont(do it again). 。Its going to rain. Remember to take an umb

7、rella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。Dont play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。Sorry, I wont do it again. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。 【典例】Wish you good luck in the entrance exam. _. The same to you. A. Thank youB. See youC. Im sorry to hear that【答案】A【解析】对别人的美好祝愿应表示感谢。故选A。祈使句用法口诀祈使句，无主语，动词开头就可以。表示请求或命令，加上pleas

8、e表客气。要想变成否定句，Dont开头别忘记。1. Cindy, _ sure to be here at 8:00 oclock tomorrow morning.A. isB. areC. will beD. be2. Jack, _ play the violin here. Were talking now. Sorry, I wont.A. doesntB. notC. dontD. no3. Mary, _ here everybody else, stay where you are.A. comingB. comesC. to comeD. come4. As we all k

9、now, life is short but amazing. _ it!A. Enjoy B. To enjoyC. EnjoyingD. Enjoyed5. _ listen to music in class. Sorry, I wont do it again.A. Lets B. DontC. PleaseD. Why not 6. Jack, dont always copy what others do. _ your head, please.Thanks for telling me.A. UsingB. UsedC. UsesD. Use1.（2019 青海省中考）_ on

10、 the grass. Its a rule of the park. A. StepB. Don t stepC. To step2. （2019 内蒙古呼和浩特市）_ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and Ill meet you at the train station. A. Send B. Sending C. To send D. Sent3. （2019 甘肃省天水市）Peter has made great progress in English recently._. He has been studying so hard t

11、hese days.A. So have heB. So he hasC. So he haveD. So has he4.（2019 四川省眉山市）_ noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.A. PreventB. PreventingC. PreventedD. To prevent5. （2019 湖北省宜昌市）More and more people prefer to walk rather than ride in cars. . Walking is good for health.A. So they a

12、reB. So are theyC. So they doD. So do they1.（2016届上海闵行区九年级4月质量调研）_ here quickly, Alice. I have something exciting to tell you.A. ComingB. ComesC. ComeD. To come2.（2016届内蒙古乌海二十二中九年级上期中）Im worried about my English._ harder, _ you will catch up with your classmates.A. Working；andB. To work；orC. Work；an

13、dD. Worked；or3.（2016届湖南省邵阳县九年级中考调研）Dont _ late for class.A. beingB. beC. to be4.（2016届上海杨浦区九年级上期末质量调研）Please _ fruits and vegetables in a basin!A. washB. washingC. to washD. washed5.（2016学年广西北海合浦县五中七年级下期中考试）Tony, _ play with the mobile phone while youre walking in the street. A. dontB. doesntC. wont

14、D. cant6. （2016届上海嘉定九年级上学期期末）Tom, _ rubbish into the river. Youre polluting it.said Mrs White.A. not throwB. dont throwC. not to throwD. never to throw7. （2016届甘肃定西市通渭县榜罗中学九年级12月月考）_ cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. WontC. DontD. Doesnt8.（2016届山西大同一中初三上期阶段性学业水平测试）_ that I

15、 couldnt see the magicians performance myself. My parents dont allow me to go outside alone.A. Be sureB. Its a pityC. Make sure【跟踪训练】1. D 【解析】考查固定短语及祈使句。句意：Cindy，明天上午8点一定来这儿。be sure to do sth表示一定做某事。故选D。2. C 【解析】句意：Jack，不要在这儿拉小琴，我们正在交谈。对不起。我不会了。根据语境可知是祈使句，否定祈使句是Dont + 动词的原形。故选C。3. D 【解析】句意：玛丽，你过来其他每

16、个人都待在原处。本句是祈使句，要用动词原形，所以选D。4. A 【解析】句意：正如我们所知，生命是短暂的但又神奇的。享受生命吧！动词原形开头的是祈使句，表示劝告或者命令的语气。enjoy 动词原形；to enjoy动词不定式；enjoying动名词；enjoyed动词过去式。故选A。5. B 【解析】本题考查祈使句的否定形式。句意：不要在课堂上听音乐。对不起，我不会再这么做。根据答语可知上句是否定的祈使句，故选B。6. D 【解析】句意：杰克，不要总是抄袭别人做的，请动动你的脑筋。谢谢你告诉我。use意为用，使用，use ones head意为动脑筋，为固定短语；这是一个肯定的祈使句，要用动词

17、原形，故选D。【真题再现】1. B 【解析】根据句意：别踩草地，这是公园的规矩. 可知句子是否定祈使句，用dont+动词原形开头。故选B。2. A【解析】根据句意：你来呼和浩特之前给我发一封电子邮件，我在火车站等你。可知句子 是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。3. B【解析】句意：彼得最近在英语方面取得重大进步。的确如此。他这些天一直在努力学习。so +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示前面所说的情况也适合后者，意思是也是，前后句的主语不同；so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词，表示对前面情况的一种肯定，意思是的确如此。根据He has been studying so hard the

18、se days.可知近来彼得取得了很大进步，在这里要表示确实是这样，用so+主语+谓语，排除C,D；句子的时态是现在完成时，主语是he，所以用has，故答案为B。4. A【解析】考查动词形式辨析。句意：防止噪音污染，我们可以生活在一个安静的环境里。本句是祈使句+ and +陈述句固定结构，祈使句相当于条件句；祈使句省略主语you，直接以动词原形开头，故选A。5. C【解析】句意：越来越多的人宁愿走路也不愿坐车。确实如此，步行对健康有好处。考查倒装句。So+助动词/系动词+主语是部分倒装结构，表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者；后一句子若只是重复前句的意思，主语仍是上文的人或物，表示对

19、上文所讲事实的肯定或强调，则用So +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词结构。上句prefer to walk是动词短语，本句需用相应的助动词，可排除系词are；根据Walking is good for health.可知这里是重复前句的意思，为加强语气，需用So +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词结构，故选C。【模拟检测】1. C 【解析】句意：快来这里，爱丽丝。我有激动人心的事要告诉你。祈使句有肯定祈使句和否定祈使句，肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，否定祈使句以dont+动词原形开头，结合句意和语境可知选C。2. C 【解析】句意：我担心我的英语。努力学习吧，你会赶上你的同学的。祈使句 + and

20、+ 陈述句表示递进，做了前面的事，就会有后面的结果；祈使句 + or + 陈述句表示转折，做了（不做）前者，就不会有后面的结果。故选C。3. B 【解析】句意：上课不要迟到。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查祈使句，祈使句是以动词原形开头，否定句在前面加dont，所以应选B。4. A 【解析】句意：请在一个盆里洗蔬菜和水果。本题是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。5. A 【解析】句意：托尼，当你走在街上的时候不要玩手机。dont 不要；doesnt用于主语是第三人称单数的时候；wont不会，是will not的缩写；cant不能，不会。这是一个祈使句，托尼并不是句子的主语，而且是否定的祈使句，故在句

21、首应该用dont，选A。6. B 【解析】句意：汤姆，不要向河里扔垃圾。你在污染它。怀特夫人说。根据句意及题干分析此题应用祈使句，其否定句是在动词原形前加dont，故选B。7. C 【解析】句意：交通灯转绿前不要穿过公路。这是一个祈使句，祈使句的否定形式是在句首加dont，故选C。8. B 【解析】句意：很可惜我不能亲自去看那个魔术师的表演了。我的父母不允许我独自出外。Be sure确保；its a pity很可惜；make sure保证。故选B。倒装句命题趋势：倒装句是英语中常见的句式。对于倒装句，主要考查学生在特定的结构中正确使用部分倒装和完全倒装，以及so+助动词/情态动/系动词+主语的

22、用法。中考考查重点： 倒装句的构成和用法。倒装句倒装作为一种语法现象，主要包括完全倒装（有的书称之为全部倒装）和部分倒装（有的书称之为半倒装或不完全例装）两种。完全倒装就是把谓语动词完全放在主语之前，而部分倒装就是把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语之前。考向一：部分倒装倒装条件例句一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗？特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。Where have you been these days?这些天你到哪里去了？"only+状语/

23、状语从句位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，had或should提到主语前。Should we succeed, we wou

24、ld be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。" so. that.句型中，"so+adj. /adv.位于句首时。So fast did he run that we couldnt catch up with him. 他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。表示也(不) 的句式，即so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语形式。I dont like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它，也不在意它。某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not onlybut also，hardlywhen，nosoonerthan, notuntil

25、等，主句用部分倒装。Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快！【易错警示】1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案？2. so+主语+谓语结构不用倒装。Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。So he is. 的确。【典例】Kunm

26、ing is really a comfortable city to live in._. The weather is pleasant.A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does D. So does it【答案】A【解析】句意：昆明真是个非常舒服的居住城市。答语表示昆明的确如此，要用so+主语+谓语结构，即so it is。考向二：完全倒装倒装条件例句表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out,up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装Here comes the bus. 公交车来

27、了。Here he comes. 他来了。分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。There be句型是全倒装的一种There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。作表语的such位于句首时Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音!【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点

28、，全部倒装谓在前。【典例】1. I have read the book Sence and Sensibility. _.A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So I have【答案】A【解析】答语表示我也读过这本书，用so+助动词+主语结构，即So have I。2. Im not going swimming this afternoon._. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.A. So am I B. So I am C. Neither am I D. Neither I【答案】C【解析】由答语后半句

29、可知，此处表示我也不去，故要用neither + be+主语结构，故选C。【辨析】so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语和neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语的区别区别so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为也。neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为也不。Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。Mary didnt watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆

30、也没看。【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用so主语be/助动词/情态动词。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是某人（物）也（不）是这样。这种结构中的助动词/be动词/情态动词在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。倒装句速记口诀副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词，既不也不须倒装。表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。Not

31、 only开头句，前一分句须倒装。had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。1. It is important _ people _ learn team spirit.A. of; of B. of; to C. for, to D. to; to2. Its a long time ago _ I saw you last time.A. when B. since C. for D. that3. Its time _. A. to go to home B. to go home C. going to home D. going home4. _ important t

32、o learn English well.A. Thats B. Its C. It has D. That has5. It was because I was caught in the traffic jam _ I came to school late this morning.A. which B. when C. what D. that6. Great changes have taken place since then in the primary school _I am studying.A. where B. that C. which D. there7. It w

33、as because I like you _ I speak out frankly.A. that B. why C. because D. who8. I didnt know it was Sunday _ I got to school.A. because B. when C. after D. until9. _ is important for all of us _ English loudly in the morning.A. It; to read B. That; to read C. It; reading D. That; reading10. It was _

34、who helped us out of danger.What brave and helpful children! We should learn from them.A. they B. them C. their D. theirs11. Peter doesnt know many people here._.A. So do I B. So am IC. Neither am I D. Neither do I12. Between the two hills _ a deep river.A. are B. have C. has D. is13. I never go to

35、school late; _.A. so does Tom B. neither does Tom C. so Tom does D. neither Tom does14. Our town has changed a lot in the last few years. _.A. So theirs did B. So has theirs C. So theirs has D. So did theirs15. Im not going swimming tomorrow afternoon. _. I have to clean up my bedroom. A. So am I B.

36、 Neither am I C. Neither I am D. So I am1. （2018 甘肃兰州中考）Only yesterday _ find out that his purse was lost.A. he was B. was he C. did he D. he did2. （2018 东营中考）There _ six countries in SCO(上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.A. is B. are C. were D. will be3.（2016 贵州黔西南）Lucy is q

37、uite a lovely girl. _.A. So is she B. So she isC. So does she D. So she does4. （2016 兰州中考）I _ you can finish the exam in two hours. A. does believeB. do believeC. did believedD.do believed5. Peter shut his mouth at the meeting all the time. How about Tom? _. A. He does so B. He did so C. So does he

38、D. So did he6. I havent seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides._.A. Neither have I B. So have IC. Neither I haveD. So I have7. I have changed my job. _. A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have8. Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday._. Lets go together.A. Nor do I B.

39、I will so C. So will I9. Mr. Brown is a hardworking man and he has achieved great success. _A. So is Mr. Green. B. So has Mr. Green. C. Its the same with Mr. Green.10.（2017 江苏省宿迁市中考）I dont like horror films. Theyre terrible._A. Either I do. B. Neither I do. C. Either do I. D. Neither do I.1. _ is im

40、portant for all of us _ English loudly in the morning.A. It; to read B. That; to read C. It; reading D. That; reading2. （2016 山东省宁津县实验中学初三第二次月考）It was because I like you _ I speak out frankly.A. that B. why C. because D. who3. （2015 浙江省杭州市十三中教育集团初三中考二模）Great changes have taken place since then in the primary school _ I am studying.A. where B. that C. which D. there4. （2015 重庆市江津第六中学初三中考模拟）I hope to visit Beijing one day. _. A. So I do B. So do I C. Yes, I hope to do D. Yes, I will 5. （2016 江苏省盐城市解放路学校中考仿真考试）Jim and I will go to the po