第六章扫描电子显微术优秀课件.ppt
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1、第六章扫描电子显微术第1页,本讲稿共46页Lettuce Field(16M DRAM)Theory of Scanning Electron MicroscopeHitachi High-Technologies CorporationHitachi High-Technologies CorporationNano Technologies Sales Dept.Nano Technologies Sales Dept.第2页,本讲稿共46页1.Resolution Improvement30kV1kV0.6 nm0.6 nm0.5 nm2.5 nm3.5 nm1.8 nmS-5200S-
2、5000HS-5000Development of a new UHR Obj.Lens第3页,本讲稿共46页第4页,本讲稿共46页New S-4800 FE-SEM New S-4800 FE-SEM Resolution:1.0nm 15kV1.4nm 1kV第5页,本讲稿共46页Configuration of a scanning electron microscopeConfiguration of a scanning electron microscopeObjective Movable ApertureModel S-3000NSpecimen StageCRTElectro
3、n GunSE DetectorSpecimen Chamber第6页,本讲稿共46页Comparison among OM,TEM and SEMComparison among OM,TEM and SEM第7页,本讲稿共46页第一节结构原理扫描电镜基本上是由电子光学系统、信号接收系统、供电系统、真空系统等四部分组成。在扫描电镜中,电子枪发射出来的电子束,经三个电磁透镜聚焦后,成直径20微米25的电子束。置于末级透镜上部的扫描线圈能使电子束在试样表面上做光栅状扫描。试样在电子束作用下,激发出各种信号,信号的强度取决于试样表面的形貌、受激区域的成分和晶体取向。值得强调的是,入射电子束在试样表
4、面上是逐点扫描的,像是逐点记录的,因此试样各点所激发出来的各种信号都可记录下来。给试样的综合分析带来极大的方便。第8页,本讲稿共46页SE DetectorSpecimenCRTCameraAmplifierImage SignalHigh VoltageDeflection CoilsDeflection AmplifierVacuum PumpFilamentWehneltElectron GunAnodeCondenser LensDeflection CoilsObjective LensSpecimen ChamberScanning Electron BeamMag.Control
5、Configuration of a scanning electron microscopeConfiguration of a scanning electron microscope第9页,本讲稿共46页PG1PG2FilamentCondenser Lens apertureOrificeNVVacuumGaugeVacuum controller (Real-time)Vacuumcondition presetRP1RP2DPLow VacuumConditionBSE detectorV8V6V9V3V4V1SpecimenV5V7High VacuumConditionV2Bl
6、ock diagram of evacuating systemBlock diagram of evacuating system第10页,本讲稿共46页ImageSampleObjective Lens(Illumination Source)LumpO MCondenser LensProjection LensScreenImageImageSampleSampleObjective LensElectron SourceCondenser LensDeflection CoilsSE DetectorC R TT E MS E MFluorescent screenScanningD
7、ifference among OM,TEM and SEMDifference among OM,TEM and SEM第11页,本讲稿共46页FE TipTungsten Filament750mElectron SourceType of EmissionOperating Vacum(Pa)Brightness(A/cm2 str)Source Size(m)Energy Spred(eV)Life Time(h)Tungsten FilamentThermonicField EmissionCold FE10-510-85x105108300.012.00.2502000第12页,本
8、讲稿共46页Energy SpreadEnergy SpreadEffect of chromatic aberration Effect of chromatic aberration V=2eVTungsten FilamentCrossover ofCrossover of Low EnergyLow EnergyElectronsElectronsCrossover of Crossover of High EnergyHigh EnergyElectronsElectronsV=0.2eVFE TipCrossover ofCrossover of Low EnergyLow Ene
9、rgyElectronsElectronsCrossover ofCrossover of High EnergyHigh EnergyElectronsElectrons第13页,本讲稿共46页WehneltAnodeElectron BeamV0Electron BeamV01st Anode2nd AnodeFlashing VoltageV1V0:Accelerating voltageV1:Extraction voltageBias Voltage Control Thermionic EmissionThermionic EmissionCold Field EmissionCo
10、ld Field Emission(6.5kV)Filament Current ControlFilamentComparison of electron gunsComparison of electron guns第14页,本讲稿共46页In-LensType(S-5200)In-LensType(S-5200)PrimaryBeamPrimaryBeamLensSEDetectorSEDetectorSpecimenSpecimenTheory of Scanning Electron MicroscopeTheory of Scanning Electron Microscope第1
11、5页,本讲稿共46页OutLensType(W-SEM,S-4300)OutLensType(W-SEM,S-4300)PrimaryBeamPrimaryBeamLensSpecimenSE Detector第16页,本讲稿共46页SnorkelType(S-4700&S-4800)SnorkelType(S-4700&S-4800)SEDetectorSEDetector(Upper)(Upper)SpecimenLensLensPrimarybeamPrimarybeamSEdetectorSEdetector(Lower)(Lower)第17页,本讲稿共46页The illuminat
12、ion angle(The illumination angle()of a scanning electron microscope)of a scanning electron microscopeFocal LengthObjective LensObjective Movable ApertureSpecimenWorking DistanceElectron SourceElectron Beam第18页,本讲稿共46页LensLensPrimarybeamPrimarybeamUpperHigh ResolutionLowerTopographic ImageNon Conduct
13、ive SamplesSelectUpperandSelectUpperandLowerDetectorsLowerDetectors第19页,本讲稿共46页PrimarybeamLensSEDetectorSpecimen)In-lens typePrimarybeamSEDetectorLensSpecimen)Conventional type(Out-Lens)SEDetector(Upper)SpecimenLensPrimarybeam)Snokel typeSEDetector(Lower)Hi-SEMS-4300S-4700S-5200第20页,本讲稿共46页Primary E
14、lectron Beam Reducing charge-up with Natural-SEMReducing charge-up with Natural-SEM eeObjective LensBSE DetectorResidual GasHigh Pressure (1.0Pa270Pa)Non ConductiveSpecimen第21页,本讲稿共46页Astigmatism correction methodAstigmatism correction methodBeam DiameterBefore correctionObjective LensElectron Sourc
15、eElectron BeamXYElectron BeamElectron SourceObjective LensStigmatorAfter correctionYXStigmatorBeam Diameter第22页,本讲稿共46页PhotomultiplierPrimary Electron BeamSpecimenPhotonsLight GuideSignalCRT+10kVSecondary ElectronScintillatorScintillatorPhosphorsAl Coating LayerSecondary electron detection systemSec
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