火电厂给煤机变频器低电压穿越研究改造.docx
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1、工程硕士专业学位论文火电厂给煤机变频器低电压穿越研究改造Research and Modification of Low Voltage Ride Through Capability of Coal Feeder Inverter in Thermal Power Plant一级学科(授权点)代码: 0852 一级学科(授权点)名称: 电气工程 二级学科(领域)代码: 085207 二级学科(领域)名称: 电气工程 研 究 方 向: 电能质量 作 者:* 导 师:*教授中国矿业大学2021年 3月摘 要对于火力发电厂,给煤机是火电厂燃料供应的重要辅机,现实中因给煤机变频器低电压保护动作跳闸而
2、引起锅炉MFT动作,产生非计划停机已经多次发生,对电网稳定造成一定的影响,给运行电厂造成了巨大的经济损失,同时也影响了锅炉受热面管材和设备的使用寿命,这成为了火电厂运行中存在的一个重大的设备安全隐患。因此,将燃煤变频器改造,对于提高火电厂的电力系统的稳定性,确保火电机组的安全和可持续运行以及减少社会和经济损失非常重要。并可以避免大量的工质流失。考察燃煤逆变器电源电路的工作原理,可以得出结论,低压保护是燃煤逆变器本身的一种硬件保护,其参数不能任意改变。可以被添加到所述外部电路的装置,其变频器总线电压不会由于外部电压波动异常降低,从而提高通过煤机变频器的低电压穿越能力。本文首先简要介绍下火电厂的给
3、煤机系统,阐述给煤机变频器的相关原理和电力系统中电压暂将、低电压穿越等相关的概念,研究了会引起低电压的因素和低压变频器为什么会跳闸,总结了目前国内和国外研究人员和专家的研究成果,具体分析了煤机变频器调速系统低电压的穿越能力,在阐明煤机变频器低压通道系统设计的前提下,分析比较各种不同的实现低电压穿越能力的方法,最终确定在给煤机变频器外部回路上增加一套电力电子装置这个方案来实现低电压穿越的能力。本文结合火电厂容量转换对燃煤电力低压穿越能力的研究现状,分析比较了不同改造方案的优势和缺点,并结合徐州暨铜山华润电厂的生产实际,最终确定了给煤机低电压穿越的实际改造方案。然后,基于对单个BOOST DC/D
4、C电路的分析和放大,在测试中构建了一个低电压穿越系统数学模型(Low Voltage Ride Through System)。在模拟了不同水平的电压降模拟测试之后,最终在系统中确认了该设备。它通过不断模拟和测试各种不同程度的电压跌落情况,明确了满足火电厂给煤系统正常运行的要求。经过仿真,确定了改造方案的正确性和可行性。然后以徐州暨铜山华润电力有限公司的6台火电机组为基础,利用这32台机器改造变频器低电压穿越电源,并且完成电压跌落试验。测试数据和结果表明,在给煤机输入电压下降到不同程度时,LVRTS设备依旧可以稳定地发射直流电。满足给煤机正常生产运行需要。关键词:火电厂;给煤机变频器;低电压穿
5、越;仿真;改造AbstractFor thermal power plants, coal feeder is an important auxiliary equipment for fuel supply in thermal power plants. In reality, due to the tripping of low voltage protection action of coal feeder frequency converter, the boiler MFT action and unplanned shutdown have occurred for many t
6、imes, which has a certain impact on the stability of power grid, caused huge economic losses to the operating power plants, and also affected the service life of boiler heating surface pipes and equipment This has become a major equipment safety hazard in the operation of thermal power plants.Theref
7、ore, it is very important to improve the stability of the power system, to ensure the safety and sustainability of thermal power units, to reduce social and economic losses, and to avoid the loss of the working environment by reforming the converter. The frequency of coal feeders in power plants, an
8、d ways to improve low pressure pass capacity. Through the analysis of the working principle of the power circuit of the frequency converter of the coal feeder, we can draw the conclusion that the low-voltage protection is a kind of inherent hardware protection in the frequency converter of the coal
9、feeder, which can not be changed by randomly modifying the parameters. A set of device can be installed on the external circuit, so that the DC bus voltage of the frequency converter will not fluctuate due to the external voltage fluctuation Therefore, the low voltage ride through capability of freq
10、uency converter of coal feeder is improved.Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the coal feeder system of Xia thermal power plant, expounds the relevant principles of coal feeder frequency converter and the related concepts of voltage transient and low voltage ride through in power system, analyze
11、s the causes of low voltage and the causes of low voltage trip of frequency converter, and sums up the suggestions of domestic and foreign scholars and experts at present on improving the low voltage ride through of coal feeder frequency converter speed regulation system in thermal power plant The c
12、urrent situation of the research on the ability of the Vietnamese. Under the premise of clarifying the design objectives of the low voltage trajectory through the coal inverter system, this paper evaluates and compares several methods to understand the capacity of the low voltage trajectory and ulti
13、mately determine the addition range of the electronic equipment. Energy. External coal - fed inverter circuit through low voltage capacity.Combined with the current research status of coal feeder low voltage ride through capacity transformation in thermal power plant, this paper analyzes and compare
14、s the advantages and disadvantages of various transformation schemes, and finally determines the actual transformation scheme of coal feeder low voltage ride through based on the production practice of Xuzhou and Tongshan China Resources Power Plant. Then, based on the analysis of single boost DC /
15、DC circuit, the mathematical model of low voltage ride through system (lvrts) is constructed. Through the simulation test of voltage sag in different degrees,It has been demonstrated that the system can improve the low pressure channel through the coal feed inverter and meet the normal operation req
16、uirements of the coal feed system in the power plant. The correctness and feasibility of the scheme are verified by simulation. then, the transformation of low voltage ride through power supply of frequency converter was carried out on 6 thermal power units (32 coal feeders) of Xuzhou and Tongshan C
17、hina Resources Power Co., Ltd., and the actual voltage drop test was carried out. The test data and results show that the lvrts device can stably output DC when the input voltage of the coal feeder decreases to varying degrees, which can meet the normal production and operation needs of the coal fee
18、der.Keywords: thermal power plant; coal feeder inverter; low voltage ride through; simulation; transformation目 录摘要11 绪论111.1 选题背景111.2 国内外研究现状121.3 研究的意义141.4 低电压穿越概述151.5 本课题的主要内容171.6 本章小结172 给煤机系统概况与低电压穿越能力研究192.1 给煤机系统主要设备概况192.2 变频器调速系统研究202.3 给煤机系统低电压穿越能力分析232.4 本章小结253 提高给煤机变频器低电压穿越能力的研究263.1
19、 对给煤机控制回路中给煤机控制器电源的改造263.2 对给煤机主回路中变频器电源的改造273.3 徐州暨铜山改造方案分析333.4 本章小结344 LVRTS工作原理及仿真模型354.1 低电压穿越系统原理及整体方案354.2 建立仿真模型364.3 BOOST升压电路工作原理374.4 仿真系统介绍394.5 仿真试验与结果394.6 本章小结435 给煤机变频器低电压穿越现场改造445.1 设备现状445.2 工程概况445.3 现场施工465.4 本章小结546 给煤机低电压穿越现场试验和功能测试556.1 生产现场实际应用效果576.2 事件原因初步分析606.3 事件小结606.4
20、本章小结60结论与展望627 成果形成628 展望639 致谢64参考文献65Contents图清单图序号图名称页码图1-1大型汽轮发电机组一类辅机变频器低电压穿越区1Figure 1-1图2-1CS2024 型给煤机结构图9Figure 2-1图2-2交-直-交型变频器基本构成框图10Figure 2-210图2-3通用变频器主电路图Figure 2-3图3-1蓄电池加静态开关控制方案原理图Figure 3-1图3-2残压升压方式系统控制方案原理图Figure 3-2图3-3残压升压方式加少量蓄电池控制方案原理图Figure 3-3图3-4残压升压方式加保安电源蓄电池组控制方案原理图Figu
21、re 3-4schematic of RTM with EPS control scheme图3-5动态电压恢复器控制方案原理图Figure 3-5图4-1低电压电源穿越系统动力电源改造示意图Figure 4-1图4-2厂内备用UPS 电源接入变频器控制柜接线示意图Figure 4-2图4-3低电压穿越装置原理图Figure 4-3图4-4BOOST直流升压电路图Figure 4-4图4-5仿真模型Figure 4-5图4-6变频器并网模型Figure 4-6图4-7低电压穿越模块Figure 4-7图4-8电压检测模块Figure 4-8图4-9电网电压跌落至80%额定值仿真结果Figure
22、 4-9图4-10电网电压跌落至60%额定值仿真结果Figure 4-10图4-11电网电压跌落至40%额定值仿真结果Figure 4-11图5-1变频器低电压穿越装置电源一拖一改造示意图Figure 5-1图5-2设备施工程序图Figure 5-2图5-36A、6C、6E给煤机控制电源接线图Figure 5-3图5-46B、6D、6F给煤机控制电源接线图Figure 5-4图5-5低电压穿越装置电路图Figure 5-5图5-6低电压穿越装置DCS运行信号监视Figure 5-6图5-7低电压穿越装置SOE运行信息报警Figure 5-7图5-8低电压穿越装置就地控制柜及柜内图Figure
23、5-8图5-9PW电源模块接线图Figure 5-9图5-1015V辅助电源接线图Figure 5-10图5-11AC220V辅助电源接线图Figure 5-11图5-12AC220V操作电源接线图Figure 5-12图5-13低电压穿越装置控制柜与给煤机控制柜Figure 5-13图6-16A引风机启动造成400V锅炉段电压降低Figure 6-1图6-26B、6C给煤机变频器低电压穿越动作Figure 6-2图6-3就地低电压穿越装置控制柜历史数据Figure 6-3表清单表序号表名称页码表5-1铜山华润给煤机变频器概况Table 5-1表5-2改造所需材料与费用估计Table 5-2表
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