高考英语短文改错技巧讲解精选PPT.ppt

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1、关于高考英语短文改错技巧讲解现在学习的是第1页，共34页一短文改错的测试特点1、词法的测试、词法的测试 词法的测试包括：1）定冠词和不定冠词的用法；定冠词和不定冠词的用法；2）名词的单复数和名词所有格；）名词的单复数和名词所有格；3）动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词；）动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词；4）人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、）人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词的用法；连接代词、不定代词的用法；5）介词的搭配；）介词的搭配；6）并列连词、从属连词的用法；）并列连词、从属连词的用法；7）形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高）形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；级的用

2、法；8）固定搭配和习惯用法。）固定搭配和习惯用法。现在学习的是第2页，共34页2、句法的测试、句法的测试句法的测试包括：句法的测试包括：1）主）主、谓语在数上的一致；、谓语在数上的一致；2）名词性从句；）名词性从句；3）定语从句；）定语从句；4）强调句型；）强调句型；5）句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑）句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。性。现在学习的是第3页，共34页 3、语篇的测试、语篇的测试 语篇的测试包括：语篇的测试包括：1）上下文中的时态是否一致；）上下文中的时态是否一致；2）上下文中的代词是否一致；）上下文中的代词是否一致；3）上下文中的逻辑是否一致）上下文中的逻辑是

3、否一致。现在学习的是第4页，共34页v高考短文改错的短文通常只有高考短文改错的短文通常只有120个词左个词左右，有右，有10处错误，短文的难度也与考生处错误，短文的难度也与考生的习作相当，考查学生对英语知识的综合的习作相当，考查学生对英语知识的综合运用能力。各种错误所占比例为运用能力。各种错误所占比例为v2：1：7:v或者或者1：1：8：多多 缺缺 错错二二.短文改错的命题特点短文改错的命题特点现在学习的是第5页，共34页三三.短文改错的题型特点短文改错的题型特点1。错词错词。短文中有一词在词法，搭配或词义等方面有错误，要求考生找出来并改为正确的词。1.Work hard，but you ll

4、 make great progress.Work hard,and youll make great progress.2.Their school is not so big as our.Their school is not so big as ours 3.Three four of the building were ruined Three fourths of the building were ruined现在学习的是第6页，共34页2.缺词缺词。在短文中缺词的地方，要求考生按语法。搭配或上下文语义的需要找出所缺的词并补上所缺的词。1.Im writing to ask yo

5、u come to our class for a visit.Im writing to ask you to come to our class for a visit.2.Because the help you gave me that summer,my life changed.现在学习的是第7页，共34页Because of the help you gave me that summer,my life changed.3.Attention.please,everyone！I have annoucement to make.Attention,please,everyone

6、!I have an annoucement to make.现在学习的是第8页，共34页3.多词多词在短文中有一词按照语法在短文中有一词按照语法.搭配或上下文语义要搭配或上下文语义要求纯属多余求纯属多余,要求考生认定该多余的词并划去要求考生认定该多余的词并划去.1.With his help,I made a great progress and caught up with the class.With his help,I made great progress and caught up with the class.现在学习的是第9页，共34页2.A shocking inciden

7、t was happened in Pengyang county on October 14.A shocking incident happened in Pengyang county on October 14.3.Although Im 16 years old,but my father still treats me as a careless child.Although Im 16 years old,my father still treats me as a careless child.现在学习的是第10页，共34页四、短文改错题的错误类型四、短文改错题的错误类型在高考

8、英语试卷中，短文改错题属综合能力测在高考英语试卷中，短文改错题属综合能力测试题型，要求考生全面地运用语言知识，根试题型，要求考生全面地运用语言知识，根据语法结构。词汇意义。上下文关系等进行据语法结构。词汇意义。上下文关系等进行综合判断，找出错误，加以改正。错误大致综合判断，找出错误，加以改正。错误大致可分为词汇错误。句法错误和上下文逻辑错可分为词汇错误。句法错误和上下文逻辑错误。误。(一一).词法方面的错误主要有词法方面的错误主要有:现在学习的是第11页，共34页 1.冠词方面的错误冠词方面的错误 1.该使用冠词的地方没有使用冠词或不需要使用冠词的地方该使用冠词的地方没有使用冠词或不需要使用冠

9、词的地方却使用了冠词却使用了冠词.2.冠词的误用冠词的误用,该用定冠词的地方使用了不定冠该用定冠词的地方使用了不定冠,而该用不定冠词而该用不定冠词的地方却使用了定冠词的地方却使用了定冠词.1.I had decided to give it up,but on the second thoughts,I decided to try a third time.I had decided to give it up,but on second thoughts,I decided to try a third time.2.Mr Black will go to the US by a plan

10、e.Mr Black will go to the US by plane.现在学习的是第12页，共34页2.名词方面的错误名词方面的错误1.可数名词数的使用错误可数名词数的使用错误;2.可数名和不可数名可数名和不可数名的混淆的混淆;3.名词的所有格错误名词的所有格错误.4.名词做定语名词做定语的用法的用法.1.Without such knowledges,one would not be able to understand what was seen or heard.Without such knowledge,one would not be able to understand w

11、hat was seen or heard.现在学习的是第13页，共34页2.To my surprise,he has finished a day work.To my surprise,he has finished adays work.3.In order to buy a nice pair of shoes,he went to several shoes stores.In order to buy a nice pair of shoes,he went to several shoestores.现在学习的是第14页，共34页3.情态动词方面的错误情态动词方面的错误Need

12、 和 dare 可以用作实义动词,在回答由 could 和might引导的表请求的一般疑问句时,不能用could 和 might(应分别用和 may)回答.1.“Could I use your dictionary?”“Yes,of course you could”.“Could I use your dictionary?”“Yes of course you can”.2.“Must I leave here right now?”“No you mustnt”.“Must I leave here right now?”“No you neednt”.现在学习的是第15页，共34页

13、4.代词的用法错误代词的用法错误.代词误用是要求判别代词同它所指代的词在单复数.格或人称上是否一致;指代什么,用法是否正确;以及作为形式主语或形式宾语it的用法错误。1.In spite of all these changes,a great number of men still guard his rights.In spite of all these changes,a great number of men still guard their rights.2.I dont think this possible to learn a foreign language well w

14、ithout hard work.I dont think it possible to learn a foreign language well without hard work.现在学习的是第16页，共34页5.形容词、副词的误用形容词、副词的误用主要指该用形容词的地方用了副词,该用副词的地方用了形容词，还要分析该形容词或副词修饰什么,形式是否正确,是原级、比较级还是最高级。1.You always gave me specially attention and encouraged me to work hard.You always gave me special attentio

15、n and encouraged me to work hard.2.The journey was long and tired.The journey was long and tiring.现在学习的是第17页，共34页 6.有关连词方面的错误有关连词方面的错误.连接词的误用主要有把握不住句式误用连词,混淆连词与关系副词,推断不出上下文逻辑关系误用连词等.1.Im trying to improve the situation since it doesnt seem to work.Im trying to improve the situation but it doesnt see

16、m to work.2.Be careful,and youll fall into the river.Be careful,or youll fall into the river.现在学习的是第18页，共34页7.非谓语动词的用法错误非谓语动词的用法错误.非谓语动词包括动词不定式.动名词和分词.做题时要求判断是用不定式.动名词还是分词.一看到句子中有分词(现在分词或过去分词),就要判断这个分词是表示主动还是被动;是表示现在还是过去;是该用现在分词还是过去分词.Eg:1.Onseeingtheyoungchildtofallintothelake,Tomwenttotherescue.On

17、seeingtheyoungchild fall intothelake,Tomwenttotherescue.2.The audience stood up,looked out of the window.The audience stood up,lookingoutofthewindow现在学习的是第19页，共34页8.介词介词(固定搭配固定搭配)方面的错误方面的错误.介词的误用主要指介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。1.The basketball team is made up with 10 young players.The basketball team

18、 is made up of10 young players.2.The two classrooms are quite different from size.The two classrooms are quite different in size.现在学习的是第20页，共34页(二二).句法方面的错误有句法方面的错误有:名词性从句.定语从句.强调句和主胃一致方面的错误.1.Tom fell off his chair by accident got the classmates laughing.That fell off his chair by accident got the

19、classmates laughing.2.It is known to all,too much smoking will cause lung cancer.As is known to all,too much smoking will cause lung cancer.现在学习的是第21页，共34页3.What I need are a big fortune now.What I need is a big fortune now.4.It was at the railway station where I met Li Ming yesterday.It was at the

20、railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.现在学习的是第22页，共34页五五.短文改错的解题要求短文改错的解题要求 短文改错的目的是测试考生发现、判断、纠正词法、短文改错的目的是测试考生发现、判断、纠正词法、句法以及语篇中的行文逻辑等方面错误的能力。既能句法以及语篇中的行文逻辑等方面错误的能力。既能考查学生词汇和语法方面的能力，也能考查学生的阅考查学生词汇和语法方面的能力，也能考查学生的阅读理解能力。如果发现错误，规规矩矩地按照要求改读理解能力。如果发现错误，规规矩矩地按照要求改正。正。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（

21、），并在其下面写），并在其下面写出该词。出该词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。）划掉。修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。后的词。现在学习的是第23页，共34页六六.短文改错应注意的问题短文改错应注意的问题四不改：四不改：1.单词拼写不改单词拼写不改.2.大小写不改大小写不改.3.词序不改词序不改.4.标点符号不改标点符号不改现在学习的是第24页，共34页七七.解题步骤解题步骤现在学习的是第25页，共34页八八.短文改错口诀短文改错口诀v动词形，名词数。还要注意形和副；动词形，名词数。还要注意形和副；v非

22、谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；非谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；v介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住；介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住；v句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，v冠词连词常光顾。冠词连词常光顾。现在学习的是第26页，共34页九、跟踪练习九、跟踪练习-句子改错句子改错现在学习的是第27页，共34页1).To my surprised,he has finished a days work.2).Mr Black will go to the US by a plane。3).His ruler is longer than I，which is clear to

23、 everybody。4).This TV set is the cheaper of the three。5).We invited a foreign teacher give us a speech yesterday。6).Youd better buy you some fruits when you go on a trip。7).A 200-meters-long bridge will be built near my house next year8).They arrived early in a Tuesday morning。9).It is known to all，

24、too much smoking will cause lung cancer。10).The film I saw yesterday is really moving.It is very worth seeing a third time。现在学习的是第28页，共34页v1).To my surprise,he has finished a day workv To my surprise，he has finished adays work。v2).Mr Black will go to the US by a plane。v Mr Black will go to the US by

25、 plane。v3).His ruler is longer than I，which is clear to everybody。v His ruler is longer than mine，which is clear to everybody。现在学习的是第29页，共34页4).This TV set is the cheaper of the three。This TV set is the cheapest of the three。5).We invited a foreign teacher give us a speech yesterday。We invited a for

26、eign teacher to give us a speech yesterday。现在学习的是第30页，共34页6).Youd better buy you some fruits when you go on a trip。Youd better buy yourself some fruits when you go on a trip。7).A 200-meters-long bridge will be built near my house next year。A 200-meter-long bridge will be built near my house next yea

27、r。8).They arrived early in a Tuesday morning。They arrived early on a Tuesday morning。现在学习的是第31页，共34页9).It is known to all，too much smoking will cause lung cancer。As is known to all，too much smoking will cause lung cancer。10).Two days is not enough for me to finish the work。I need the third day。Two d

28、ays is not enough for me to finish the work，I need athird day。现在学习的是第32页，共34页十十.Practice One day,I was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rings.I went to answer them immediately.It was from the one of my close friends,Lisa.When we were talked on the phone,the fire alarm sounded.I ran back to

29、the kitchen.The room was full of smoke but the beef was badly burnt.I quickly turned off the gas,opening all the windows,and then went out the house.To my surprise,two fire engine were outside my house.I was rather worried.I told the firemen it was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke and that I would be carefully later.现在学习的是第33页，共34页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第34页，共34页