中考英语复习：阅读理解专项.doc

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1、阅读理解开题篇：得阅读者得天下！一、掌握细节、理解、推理、概括等阅读方法。二、 Lead-inLadies and gentlemen, Thank you for coming today to attend the graduation ceremony at No. 3 Junior High School. First of all, Id like to congratulate all the students who are here today. I remember meeting all of you were just starting Grade 7 at this s

2、chool. You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge. And yes, some of you were a little difficult to deal with! But today I see a room full of talented young adults who are full of hope for the future. Youve all grown up so much and Im so proud of you. Read the passage and finish the fol

3、lowing tasks. (Fill in the blanks with T for true, F for False) ( )1. The speech is to the students who will graduate from the school. ( )2. The writer doesnt remember the students who were at Grade7.( )3. Now, the talented young adults are full of hope for the future. 三、Reading learning goals and t

4、he skills of reading comprehension（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点。以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢.（二）、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌。注意勾画与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题.（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词。掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1、抓住五个“W”和一个“H”，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把Who（人物）What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（方式）划出来。抓住了五个“W”和一个“

5、H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2、抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3、注意领会文章的寓意。4、根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： 、直接解题法。即从原文中

6、直接找出答案，并勾画。、归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。、综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。 题干中有“suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。、捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。、转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外

7、的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。、排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案.四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。四、以致用例1 However, at school, there are problems with making calls and playing with smart phones in class. This will have a bad influence on t

8、he order of class. And using mobile phone is not helpful for students' learning. So most schools have a rule that students must turn off their phones in class. They can only use their phones after school. ( )1. Students are not allowed to play with mobile phones after school.(判断正误）例2 .But there

9、are many things you can do. When you speak a foreign language, it's common to have an accent(口音). That's all right -other people can usually understand what you are saying, so take it easy. ( )2. What does the writer think of having an accent?A. It's common to have an accent. B. All the

10、beginners have the accent. C. Others won't understand what we are saying. D. It can be a little difficult to improve the accent. 例3 Not only had the third group got to know the name and distance, but also there were some stones which showed how far they were from the village. They sang and talke

11、d along the way and finally got to the destination(目的地） happil（ ）3. From the paragraph, we can infer that the author wants to _. A. the scientist likes camping and making experiments.B. the second group walked a different way from the first group. C. The first group didn't want to follow the gui

12、de.D. the third group felt excited when they arrived at the village. 例4 In the end, Mom didn't get her keys back. But as she said , she discovered some new lost treasure and enjoyed a wonderful afternoon walk with his Dad.( )4. Which is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A. Parents found a lo

13、t of things that others had lost. B. His mother didn't have a good time that day. C. The failure to find keys didn't disappoint his mother. D. His mother found her lost USB flash drive. 例5 . However, the third group reached the village easily because they had goals on the way. People are mor

14、e likely to succeed when they have their goals on the way of realizing their dream.( )5. The author of the passage wants to tell us that _. A. the scientist is a great person. B. the third group is the most excellent. C. people should have goals of realizing their dreams. D. the village is not as fa

15、r as we think. 例6 Do you hear about slow food? It is an international movement. It encourages us to make dinner in our home and use fresh food that is raw(未加工的). It was founded as the reaction (反应) to the popularity of unhealthy fast food. It also encourages people to buy food from local stores rath

16、er than large supermarkets.( )6. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Slow Food B. Fresh Food C. Unhealthful Food D. Fast Food例7 Today, it has over 100,000 members in 132 countries. And its symbol is one of the world's slowest moving animals-the snail. The organization's website expla

17、in, “the reason why the snail was chosen is that it moves slowly, and eats calmly through life.( )7. The underlined word “snail” means_ in Chinese. A. 蟒蛇 B. 鲨鱼 C. 凤凰 D.蜗牛例8 It's a good idea to listen to cassettes and try to communicate with other speakers. It's a good way to make your pronun

18、ciation better and improve your speaking skills. ( ) 8. What does the underlined word “cassettes” mean? A. 杂志 B. 卡片 C. 磁带 D. 钥匙 .五、实践体验.(进行专题训练) Passage 1 Each October15th, over 200 million people around the world take part in Global Handwashing Day. Research shows that not enough people wash their

19、hands with soap(香皂). Myriam Sidibe says that soap is “the most beautiful invention in public health”. He knows that washing hands with soap can have a big influence on reducing flu and other diseases. It can also prevent babies from getting sick and keep children healthy. However, washing hands with

20、 soap doesnt appear as fast as you might think. This may happen in poorer countries, but its also because handwashing with a soap is simply not part of their everyday work for many people. This is what Global Handwashing Day tries to do. In 2008, the first Global Handwashing Day began. Every year si

21、nce then, the campaign(运动）has held many different events around the world. In 2014, Global Handwashing Day was used in the fight against Ebola(埃博拉病毒） Today, local and national leaders continue to use the day to spread the message about the value of cleaning hands. The hope is that handwashing can be

22、come a necessary part of peoples lives and make a big difference to the health of millions around the world. ( ) 1. Myriam Sidibe thinks soap is useful.( ) 2.One of the advantages of washing hands is that it can cure Ebola. ( ) 3. Global Handwashing Day tries to make handwashing with soap a daily jo

23、b for people. .( ) 4. The first Global Handwashing Day began in 2018.( ) 5. The purpose of the passage is to tell the value of washing hands with soap.Passage 2 Coronavirus(新冠病毒）is a large family of viruses, which include SARS and MERS. It is considered as a cousin of SARS and MERS. Although the COV

24、ID-19 is also a new of coronavirus that causes many peoples death, theres another side. COVID-19 teaches us to be thankful. Because of it, some kinds of warmth and kindness are showing up. A group of volunteers from every place and things they have done are worth remembering. Driver Li Gaofeng, who

25、came from a transportation team with his friends, volunteered to transport more than 30 tons of donated fresh vegetables to Wuhan. They overcame all kinds of difficulties and traveled more than 1,700 kilometers from grassland to plain.Finally they successfully arrived in Wuhan on Feb.1st. Their vege

26、tables are not only healthy, but also heart-warming. They are ordinary people who not ordinary.Doctors and nurses around the country were sent to Wuhan to provide help. Many goods and other necessary things were sent to Wuhan one by one. There are many people and moments that worth our remembering.

27、With all the peoples efforts in this difficult time, Chinese people will learn great lessons, which will be very important.( )1. COVID-19 is _.A. SARS and MERS B. a new virus C. a new bacteria D. a new kind of cold( )2. Li Gaofeng is _. A. A doctor B. a nurse C. a driver D. an expert( )3. The underl

28、ined word “plain” means _ in Chinese. A. 平原 B. 山谷 C. 大海 D. 溪流( )4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. COVID-19 teaches us not to be afraid of disease.B. COVID-19 helps us to be doctors and nurses.C. COVID-19 makes us find the bright sides. D. COVID-19 tells us staying at hom

29、e is right. ( )5. Whats the best title for the passage?A. COVID-19 is Terrible.B. Looking on the Bright Sides of COVID-19.C. Keeping away from COVID-19.D. Ways to Kill COVID-19. Passage3Simon and Pedro were two young brothers who came form a poor family in a small town. They dreamed of going to univ

30、ersity to become engineers.The only way they could make their dreams true was that one of them worked in the local mine(矿井) to pay for the other to go to school. And if the first one became an engineer, he would pay for the other to go to school. They flipped(抛) a con. Simon won, but he said, “I can

31、t go. You are much smarter than me!” But Pedro convinced him to go. So Simon went to school, and Pedro worked to send money to Simon.Simon was the most hard-working student there. He studied day and night. He soon became known as the best student. But he always told people that his brother was reall

32、y smart. He would proudly show everyone Pedros designs for machine. One day, Pedro was injured badly because of an accident at the mine, and he would never be able to work in the mine again. Simon had to go back to take care of his brother. They were both terribly sad. One day, a teacher of his scho

33、ol came to ask Simon to go back to school for free. And the school also promised to accept Pedro because of his perfect designs.Finally, they became great engineers and helped build many buildings in their country. Success belongs to those who try their best. We should not only have dreams, but also

34、 make them true. ( )1. Why didnt the two brothers go to school together?A. Because they had no parents. B. B. Because their family was poor. C. Because both of them didnt want to go. D. Because the school was too far away. ( )2. The underlined word “convinced” means _ in Chinese. A. 要求 B. 告诉 C. 说服 D

35、.允许 C. Practicing childrens speakingD. Using a dictionary ( )3. Pedros _ made him go to school for free. A. great efforts B. excellent speech C. good luck D. perfect designs. ( )4. Someone who _ may succeed. A. Follows the rules B. does his best C. is brave enough D. is very lucky. ( )5. The passage

36、 mainly tells us_.A. how Simon and Pedros realize their dreams B. how Simon and Pedro go to school C. how Simon and Pedro earn money D. how Simon and Pedro grow up .Passage 4 Jimmy was good a everything and always the first. I couldnt stand that. So when I heard that there was going to be a toy car

37、race, I thought this my chance to teach him to be more humble(谦逊的). The day of the race, I saw his racer, so I secretly kicked one of his wheels. BANG! We were slow at first, and then faster as we picked up speed going down the hill. Suddenly, his wheels started to shake badly! He started to turn! H

38、e couldnt control his racer as we approached the big turn at eh bottom of the hill! I realized that I would not win in this way. I hit the brake and grabbed his car to keep it beside me. We stopped just before the edge of the road, and other racers flew past us. He thanked me for saving him. I said,

39、 “Jimmy, I kicked your wheels because I couldnt stand to see you win. Sorry.” It was hard to admit what I had done, but Jimmy forgave me and we finally became good friends. I realized that winning isnt everything, and so did Jimmy. ( )1. According to the passage, we can know that Jimmy did well in everything.( )2. When he saw Jimmys car, the writer didnt kick one of Jimmys wheels.( )3. During the race, Jimmy failed to control his car. ( )4. The writer was the winner of the race. ( )5. From the passage, we know that appreciation and tolerance can bring us friendship. 第 9 页 共 9 页