2022年文献翻译建筑陈晨.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 个人资料整理 仅限学习使用毕业设计 论文文献翻译课题名称启东林洋大酒店方案设计院系）业建筑学院专建筑学专业姓名陈晨学号P1601060330 起讫日期指导老师 2022 张伟郁年 02 月 21 日毕 业 设 计 during the life cycle of buildings including building materials production, planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition, and minimizing th

2、e buildings impact on the environment. Green buildings are also labeled as “Eco-Buildings” or “Sustainable Buildings” .I. The significance of promoting the energy efficient and green buildings.As a man-made environment, buildings play an integral part in physically and spiritually satisfying the dem

3、and of human being. However , due to the excessive pursuing of physical pleasure plus the over-exploitation of the natural resources, modern buildings have not only segregated the connection and communication between human beings and the nature, but also produced heavy burden on the natural environm

4、ent and resources. According to statistics, more than 50 of the materials man gathered from the nature are used for the construction of all kinds of buildings and their attached utilities, and another 50 of the world energy are consumed during the construction and utilization of those buildings. Amo

5、ng environmental pollutions, construction-related air pollution, light pollution and electromagnetic pollution accounts for 34； construction waste makes up 40 of the trash produced by human. In the developing countries, the skyrocketing construction aggravates the misuse of land and the destruction

6、of the ecological environment. China, in its process of industrialization and urbanization and with the objective of maintaining 7 -above annual growth rate of GDP in the next 15 years, The will be faced with serious bottleneck of resource limitation and environmental deterioration. situation shows

7、that it is imperative for China to promote energy efficient and green buildings in the process of sustainable development.Through the scientific and systematic design, incorporated with such new and high technologies as green fittings, natural ventilation, natural lighting, low energy exterior prote

8、ction system, new energy, water reuse, green building materials, intelligent control and so on, green buildings have with it six features: calculated site planning, efficient energy circulation, effective and comprehensive energy saving, healthy and comfortable building environment, innocuous and sm

9、all amount of waste discharge, and flexible and convenient in functions. It could not only satisfy the physical and mental need of human beings, but also reduce the impact on the natural environment with its efficient energy consumption.Mr .President, Hu Jintao has pointed out that we shall develop

10、land-saving housing, popularize energy efficient technology, and establish energy saving, material saving and water saving code； we shall utilize the resources in a thrifty way and apply the recycling methods in order to pursue the sustainable development of the economic society. Chinese Premier Wen

11、 Jiabao and Vice-Premier Zeng Peiyan has reaffirmed that construction energy saving is not only an economic issue but also an important strategy. The development of energy saving technology and green buildings is an important ” and the approa ch in the construction field for pursuing the essential t

12、hought of “Three Representsspirit of the 16th National Congress. It carries out the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable 1 / 8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 个人资料整理 仅限学习使用scientific view of development, emphasizes the value of human beings, integrates the development o

13、f the economy and the society, and promotes the harmonization between the human beings and the nature. The purpose of this approach is to adjust the real estate structure, transform the mode of increase in the building and economy sector and promote the adjustment of economic structure. The principl

14、e lies in the thrifty utilization and recycling of the energy, thus facilitating the comprehensive utilization of the resources, building the saving-type society and developing the cyclic economy. It reflects that China is now sticking to its healthy developing path towards production development, w

15、ealthy life and sound environment. As a critical link in the process of energy saving and safeguarding national energy safety, this approach constitutes an essential method to solve such problems in the construction field as high investment, high consumption, heavy pollution and low profit, and it i

16、s the strategic work for the reform and upgrading of the traditional construction and construction material industry, facilitating the healthy, coordinated and sustainable development of the construction cause. II. Works have been done relating to energy efficient and green buildingsThe Designing St

17、andard for Energy Conservation in Civil Building of the Northern Areas 1986 was the landmark of Chinese energy efficient work. After almost two decades, great achievements have been made in the following aspects:1. Energy efficient design standard system with the goal of saving 50 of the energy has

18、been set up ； 2. Law system with The Regulations for the Administration of Energy Conservation in Civil Buildings as the principle has been set up ； 3. Technology supporting system of energy efficient building has been set up ；4. Several pilot projects of energy efficient building has played the lea

19、ding role of Chinese energy efficient building construction；5. Through international cooperation, advanced technologies and management experience have been introduced in China.According to incomplete statistics,there were 320 million square meters of energy efficient buildings in urban China, saving

20、 10.94 million tons of standard coal, discharging CO2 223.26 million tons.At the same time, the ideology of sustainable development has been widely accepted by the international community, and green architecture has been more and more attached importance to. Beijing Charter , which had been issued i

21、n the 20th World Architect Convention Beijing 1999 of World Architect Association, clearly required that the sustainable development would be the working standard of all architects and engineers in the new century. China has done great job in the development of green buildings: the key tech-research

22、 of green architecture has been developed； “National for Green Building s Innovation Award” has been set ； many practices have been made in office buildings, libraries of colleges and institutions, urban residential communities, rural housing and other types of building.III. Problems to be addressed

23、1 The lack of acquaintanceshipWe shall place energy conservation and green buildings at the strategic level as implementing the scientific view of development, building a well-off society in an all-round way, safeguarding national energy and promoting the sustainable development.2. The lack of effic

24、ient incentive policies and powerful law and regulationsThe national policies have long laid particular stress on the energy efficient of industry and traffic, while energy efficient and green buildings lacks efficient encouragement policies and powerful laws and regulations. There are no existing l

25、aws and regulations in China with operational rewards and punishment methods to force all benefit parties to participate in the saving of energy, land, water and materials. The Designing Standard for Energy Conservation in Civil Buildings issued by Ministry of Construction as a ministry regulation h

26、as far less strength.3. The 2 / 8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 个人资料整理 仅限学习使用lack of the communication platform of new technology, new material, new fittings and new design and management patterns.In of the western developing countries, the energy efficient and green archit

27、ecture has decades histories. In some country, great achievement of economic development and lower the energy consumption has been made. To systematically introduce those successful experience and technology into China would help China to promote energy efficient and green architecture and spreading

28、 the relating new technology, new product and new management patterns.4. The system of standards and norms has not been formed.The comparatively improved standard system of energy efficiency for residential buildings has preliminarily been shaped up, which enforces the designing standard for energy

29、saving as 50 for three climate areas one after another , but the standards for public and industrial buildings have not yet been promulgated and the comprehensive standard system for the building energy saving, the land, water and material efficiency and the environmental protection has not been set

30、 up.5. The effective administrative regulatory framework is not in place.Importance has not been attached to the administrative functions related to energy efficiency and green buildings. Present administrative system is not effective with weak regulation. In some localities, management is even out

31、of control.6. The energy structure in cities is not reasonable and resources are wasted severely.Nowadays, by maintaining coal as the major energy source, the Chinese cities still remain unreasonable energy structure. The high quality energy such as natural gas and other clean renewable resources su

32、ch as solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy etc. are slimly utilized in buildings. At present, 2 billion square meters of new housing are built annually in urban and rural areas in China, over 80 of which are the ones with high-energy consumption. Among 40 billion square meters of existing bu

33、ildings, over 95 are the ones with high-energy consumption. The energy consumption per construction unit area in China is twice to three times the one in the developed countries. This caused heavy energy burden and serious environmental pollution that become the outstanding problem constraining the

34、sustainable development of China. Meanwhile, during the construction, there exist problems such as low utilizing rate of land resources, serious water pollution and high consumption of building materials. IV. The main tasks of developing energy efficient and green buildingsThe guiding ideas to devel

35、op energy efficient and green buildings are, with a view to adhering to the scientific view of development and fulfilling the sustainable development of construction sector , to make major efforts to launch the campaigns of resource conservation and environmental protection including the efficiency

36、of energy, land, water and materials and promote the development of energy efficient and green buildings.The train of thought: 1.To push the work on from all aspects including regulations and policies, norms and standards, disseminating measures, and tackling hard-nut problems in science and technol

37、ogy, etc. 2.To regulating the overall process from setting-up a project, planning, designing, examining drawings, construction, supervising, checking up, checking upon completion, approving the selling to maintenance. 3.To promulgate and enforce the standards of energy, land, water and material effi

38、ciency as well as environmental protection. 4.To use work methods featured by guiding according to classifications, regional coordination, promoting comprehensively and implementing by dividing different stages. 5.To encourage the involvement of the whole society, besides the governments, designing

39、units, organizations for examining drawings, constructors, supervisors, quality supervision organizations, developers, property management enterprises and the broad 3 / 8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - masses of the people. The objectives: 个人资料整理仅限学习使用the general objective T

40、hrough overall promotion, by 2022 will be fulfilled, i.e. upgrading projects to improve the energy efficiency of most existing buildings will be finished and all the new buildings will save 65 are encouraged to reach a higher level of energy saving energy. At the same time, the eastern areas ； the d

41、ynamic equilibrium between newly-constructed areas and overall saved lands is expected sustained basically； the water saving rate in the process of construction and utilization can be improved by more than 30 comparing with the present level ；and the total consumption of irrenewable resources by new

42、 buildings can be dropped by over 30 nowadays amount. By the year 2022, the level of resource saving in construction sector in China is expected to approach or reach the one in the moderately developed countries at present. The remarkable economic and social effect will be achieved which can change

43、the way of economic growth notably.Major measures: 1.To establish and improve the policies and regulation framework of developing intelligent and green buildings；2.To perfect the technical standard supporting system of intelligent and green buildings；3.To set up the effective administrative regulatory system for developing in