主语从句和同位语从句精选PPT.ppt

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1、关于主语从句和同位语从句第1页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一主语从句在另外一个句子中做主语的句在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。子叫主语从句。Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious第2页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一主语从句常用主语从句常用it it作形式主语放句首作形式主语放句首因而我们常见到这种句式：因而我们常见到这种句式：It+be+n./adj/-ed从句（从句（that,whether,etc.)例：例：Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleav

2、e.=Thatyoushouldhavetoleaveisapity.ItisgreatthatIhaveateacherlikeyou.=ThatIhaveateacherlikeyouisgreat.第3页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一.主语从句的连接词主语从句的连接词一、主语从句一、主语从句1.连连词词that(无无词词义义,不不作作成成分分,不不能能省省略略);whether(是否是否),if不能位于句首。不能位于句首。2.That he will come and help us is certain.3.Whether we will succeed is still a quest

3、ion.4.It is not known if he will come.注意注意:已确定的事由已确定的事由thatthat引导引导;没决定的事由没决定的事由whetherwhether引导引导.第4页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一3.连连接接副副词词when,where，why,how,howlong,how often,how soon,how far,howmany/much等等.Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon.2.连连接接代代词词what,whatever,who,whoever

4、,whose,which,whichever等等.Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.第5页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一特殊句式特殊句式1.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull（MET98）A.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel_strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.It worried her a bit _ her hair wasturninggrey.（MET92

5、）AwhileB.thatCifDfor第6页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第7页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一同位语从句同位语从句在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。的句子叫同位语从句。同位语与其前的词或短语表达的同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如：是同一事物。如：Thefactthatsheisillshouldbeconsidered.第8页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the

6、car went wrong halfway.同位语从句同位语从句同同 位位 语语 从从 句句 一一 般般 跟跟 在在 名名 词词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,doubt,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后后面面,用用以以说说明明或或解解释释前面的名词前面的名词.第9页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一 The Differences Between The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attri

7、butive ClausesAppositive clauses and Attributive Clauses 怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句第10页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一同位语从句与定语同位语从句与定语 从句从句的的不同之处不同之处1 1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。限定前面的名词。e.g.The news that our team has won the final matchis encouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了

8、决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你你告诉我们的告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）第11页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导同引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。须在从句中充当成分。e.g.1)Dadmadeapromisethat

9、hewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that 不充当不充当任何成分）任何成分）2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）第12页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一高一英语语法同步辅导高一英语语法同步辅导3 3、thatthat引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用不能用whichwhich替换；而替换；而thatthat引导定语从句时是引导定语从句时是代词，常可以和另一关系代词

10、代词，常可以和另一关系代词whichwhich替换。替换。e.g.The fact that he is from Canada is new to me.（that不可换为不可换为which）The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese.（第一个（第一个that可换为可换为which，第二个不，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）第13页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一4 4、引导同位语从句的关联词，除、引导同位语从句的关联词，除thatthat外，还可外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；以根据

11、句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；而定语从句不可用而定语从句不可用what,how,whetherwhat,how,whether等引导。等引导。e.g.I had no idea at all what I should do next.There is no proof whether he was killed by others.第14页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句引导词引导词that只起连接只起连接的作用的作用不充当句子成不充当句子成分分引导词引导词that除了引导除了引导句子外还句子外还充当充当一定的一定的句子成分句子成分同位语从句与前面的同位语从

12、句与前面的名词是名词是同位关系同位关系表示表示这个名词的内容这个名词的内容定语从句对先行词起定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，修饰作用，表示表示“的的”。同位语从句的同位语从句的that一一般不能省般不能省而定语从句中的关系而定语从句中的关系代词代词that，当其在从，当其在从句中做宾语时句中做宾语时，常常省省略略一一.同位语从句注意点同位语从句注意点第15页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一 PracticeI.Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）

13、（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）（定语）1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.Do you have any idea where we will be sent?5.Is this the company where your fa

14、ther works?6.This is the reason that he gave for his absence.7.He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.第16页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一1.The news _ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers.A which B that C what D whatever2 The news _ he told us is exciting.Which of the following

15、is wrong?A what B C which D thatExercisesBA第17页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一II.Choosethebestanswer1.Theyexpressedthehope_theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact_hedidntseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea_hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.thatBAB第18页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一4.The

16、 news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.A.that B.when C.what D.how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A.what that B.that which C.that what D.which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A.what B.whether C.t

17、hat D.whichACC第19页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一what与与that在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别what引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子子成成分分，如如主主语语、宾宾语语、表表语语，而而that则则不不然然。What引引导导的的主主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveiscertain.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itiscertainthats

18、heisstillalive.第20页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第21页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.5._ the earth is round is known to us all.归纳：归纳：WhatThat连连词词_在在从从句句中中不不作作成成分分，不不含含有有疑疑问问意意义义，而而_在在从从句句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。中作成分，常含有疑问意义。thatwhat第22页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.（S92)A

19、.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether 高考题选萃高考题选萃第23页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.(s2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatAA第24页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第25页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第26页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第27页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一

20、2.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 第28页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一3.These wild flowers are so special,I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever第29页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.（NMET97）A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever5._ leaves the room last ought toturnoffthelights.（MET88）A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who第30页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第31页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一第32页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一感谢大家观看第33页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期一