【人教版】小升初英语语法要点详解及练习题.doc

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1、小学英语（人教版PEP版）语法要点及习题1 名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加- s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. c h结尾，加-es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y 为i, 再 加-es，如：family-familiess, trawberry-strawberries以 “f 或fe”结尾，变f 或fe为 v, 再加-es，（但有一个特例：roofroofs）。如：knife-knives leaf-leav

2、es wife-wives thief-thieves wolf-wolves 5 以 “o”结尾的单词，如果有生命，-加e s；如果没有生命，加- s。 如：有生命：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoeshero-heroes Negro-Negroes没生命：radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos6 不规则名词的复数变化：（一）完全不规则：man-men woman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse-mice c

3、hild-childrenfoot-feet tooth-teeth（二）单数复数词形相同：fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deerpeople-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese小练习：写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _1watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_juice_wate

4、r_ milk_ rice_ tea_小学英语（PEP版）语法总结及习题2 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如T：he sky is blue天. 空是蓝色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如I：get up at six every da我y .每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the s u地n球. 绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)其+ 它。如：I am a boy我. 是一个男孩。2 .行为动词：主语+行为动词( +其它)。如：We

5、 study English我. 们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worke.他r 不是工人。2一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2 .行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt )动+词原形( +其 它)。

6、如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主 语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动

7、词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加- s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+ y”结尾，变y 为i, 再 加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词

8、的适当形式填空。31. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and oTmmy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us Engl

9、ish on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. Yo u always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) t

10、o school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and SuaYng _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evenin改g为.( 否定句)_2. I do my homework every d a改y.为( 一般疑问句，作

11、否定回)答_3. She likes milk改.( 为一般疑问句，作肯定回)答_4. Amy likes playing computer gam改e s为.( 一般疑问句，作否定回)答_5. We go to school every mornin改g.为( 否定句)_6. He speaks English very w e改ll.为( 否定句)4_7. I like taking photos in the pa对rk划.( 线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canad对a.(划线部分提问) _9. She is always a good studen改t .为(

12、一般疑问句，作否定回)答_10. Simon and Daniel like going skati改ng为.( 否定句) _ 四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线)上1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. M r. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _小学英语（PEP版）语法总结及习题3 现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在

13、进行或发生的动作也，可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构b为e +动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 主语+ 动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+ be+ 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则51一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加 ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母双，写末尾的辅音字母再，加ing，如 ：

14、run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ski_read_ have_ sing_ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _g_et_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( co

15、ok )some nice f onoodw .4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothees

16、s?,Yshe is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework分.(别改成一般疑问句和否定)句_2The students are cleaning the classroom改.一( 般疑问句并作肯定和否定回)答_3Im playing the football in the playgroun对d划.(线部分进行提问)_64To m is reading books in his study对.划( 线部分进行提问)_小学英语（PEP版）语法总结及习题4 一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tom

17、orrow, next day(week, month, yea)r,soon, the day after tomorr（ow后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to + d；owill+ do.三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, ar）e l 后加not或情态动词will后加not成 wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoonI.m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be 或 will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We a

18、re going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing thisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New oYrk soon.Whos going to New oYrk soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with

19、you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorr（o w明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。71. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想

20、去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is goingto go camping（. 改否定）Nancy _ going to g

21、o camping.6. Ill go and join them（.改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorr（ow改. 一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We willmeetat the bus stop at 10:3（0 .改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after sch（oo对l.划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after sc

22、hool?10. My fatherand mother are going to see a play the day after tomor同r o上w). (_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. T odayis a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother_ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. T om often _(go) to school on foot. But today is r

23、ain. He_ (go) to school by bike.814. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and_(catch) insects?15. Its Fridaytoday.What_she _ (do) this weekend? She _(watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm.What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (mi

24、lk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Ta o _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now小学英语（PEP版）语法总结及习题5 一般过去时Part A1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状常态和，表示过去的时间状语连用一。般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is

25、在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren t）带有was或 were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样，即否定句在was或 were后加not，一般疑问句把was或 were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如 ：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Ji

26、m do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如 ：Who went to home yesterday?9动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e 加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，-e再d，加如 ：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，变y 为i， 再 加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-

27、gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had,eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew,drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat一般过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ a

28、sk _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _Be动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No. _Date _一、 用 be动词的适当形式填空1. I _at school just now.2. He _at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last .year6. There _an apple on the plate yesterday.

29、7. There _some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobilephone_ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、 句型转换1. It was exciting.10 否定句：_一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_ Be动词的过去时练习（2）Name _ No. _Date _一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I

30、_an Englishteachernow. 2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen andNancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this .year6. Look, there_ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. T oday_the second of June.eYsterday _ the first of

31、June. It _ ChildrensDay. All the students _ very excited.二、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_11肯、否定回答：_行为动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No. _Date _一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween

32、.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sp

33、orts day.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. We sang some English songs.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_行为动词的过去时练习（2）12Name _ No. _Date _一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the par

34、k. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on S u n d aeys?, hY e _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_三、中译英1. 格林先生去年住在中国。_2. 昨天我们参观了农场。_3. 他刚才在找他的手机。_一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday la