2022年新人教版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit 1 Whats the matter.一询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时,常用以下句型:1.What s the matter (with sb ). 4. What2. What s the trouble / problem (with sb ). 3.What s wrong (with sb ) . 你怎么了?s ones trouble / problem ?5.What s up . 6. What happened to sb . 7.Are you OK . 8. Is there anything wrong w
2、ith sb . 二表达身体不适或疼痛时,常用以下结构:1.Sb + have /has + a / an + 疾病名称:have a cold / fever / cough / temperature 2.Sb + have/ has a sore +身体部位:have a sore throat / back 3.Sb + have / has+ a+ 身体部位 ache have a toothache /headache / stomachache / earache /backache 4.Sb + hurts + 身体部位 / oneself ; He hurt his leg
3、. 或 身体部位 + hurts ; My head hurts badly . 5.There is something wrong with one s +身体部位;6.Sb +have /has a pain in ones + 身体部位三情态动词 should / should t 的用法:意为“ 应当,应当”后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化;通常表示提出看法或建议,义务和责任,仍可表示命令批评或要求等语气 ; 1. You should lie down and rest . 2.You shouldt eat so much next time . 3. What should I
4、do . 4. Should I put some medicine on it ? -Yes ,you should ./ No, you should t. Section A 1.sore adj. 疼痛的 可作定语或表语 She has a sore throat / back . My leg is very sore . 2.back n. 后面,背面 He sat at the back of the classroom. adv . 回 (原处)come back 3. lie vi. 躺,卧 -lay. lain.lying lie down 躺下撒谎 -lied.lied
5、.lying You are lying to me . n. 谎言假话 tell a lie / lies lay vt. .-laid .laid. laying 产卵 下蛋 放置4. rest 休息 v./n. You should rest for a few days . 动词用法get some rest= havetake a rest /a break / breaks 休息一下 名词用法5. to one s surprise 使某人惊奇的是 常作插入语,位于句首To his surprise,she failed the exam . in surprise 惊讶地surp
6、rising - 物 What surprising news . Surprised- 人 be surprised to do / be surprised at sth / be surprised that6. much too+ 形容词或副词,太. ,too many+ 可数名词复数,太多 too much+ 不行数名词,太多 也可做副词 talk/speak/eat/ too much 7. enough 形容、副词 ,足够的 /地, 1 enough + 名词 ; enough water 2 形副 + enough ; good enough 8. sound like+ 名词
7、代词和从句:听起来像It sounds like you don t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. Sound look/feel/taste/smell + 形容词 听起来 . eg. The music sounds nice. 9. need 1.需要,实义动词人作主语need+sth,需要某物;need sbto do sth.需要做某事,第 1 页,共 5 页2. 物作主语; sth needs doing/ to be done ; The room needs cleaning /to be cleaned. 3 情态动词
8、 ,多用于否定句或疑问句Need I stay here .-Yes, you must . /No, you need t. 10. agree 同意,赞同 -disagree反义词 agree with sb. 同意某人agree to do. 同意做某事11. right away =right now =at once ,意为立刻 ;12. advice 不行数 n.建议 ,看法a piece of advice 一条建议some advice 一些建议名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - give sb. advice on sth
9、./ take ones advice advise v. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事(不定式做宾语补足语)advise doing sth.建议做某事(动名词作宾语)13. hurt 及物动词( vt.),使 疼痛, 受伤,He hurt his leg . He hurt her feelings. 不及物动词( vi. , (部位)疼;His leg hurt badly. 14. hit -hit (过去式)(用手或器具)打;击打The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ ba
10、ck 打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on 用在所打较硬的部位;hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in 用在所打较软的部位;当名词用时; get hit on the head 头部受到撞击15. see sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事(强调瞬时动作)I saw a boy playing football near my home. See sb do sth 观察某人做某事(强调整个过程)We saw him cross the road. 16.shout to sb 向某人喊话shout at sb 冲某人叫喊(贬义)sh
11、out for help 大声呼救17. expect sb to do sth 期望某人去做某事;18.think about (+doing )考虑 think of 想起,认为 think over 认真考虑 think up 想出19.fall down(+from )摔倒,跌倒 fall behind 落后,跟不上 fall into 落入fall asleep 入睡fall in love with 爱上 fall off 从 跌落下来20.重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应留意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一样;数第一人称其次人称第三人称人称单数m
12、yselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves用在某些固定短语当中;如:look after oneself / take care of oneself 照料自己teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得兴奋,过得开心help oneself to sth 请自用 (任凭吃 / 喝些 ). hurt oneself 摔伤自己say to oneself 自言自语名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习
13、资料 - - - - - - - - - leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下buy oneself sth. 给自己买 东西introduce oneself 介绍 自己【提示】1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用;如:我自己能完成作业;(误) Myself can finish my homework. 正 I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代词表示 “某人自己 ” 不能表示 “某人的东西 ”,由于它没有全部格的形式;表达 “某人自己的
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