降压治疗的策略和目标优秀课件.ppt
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1、降压治疗的策略和目标第1页,本讲稿共54页降压治疗策略研究的重点l 血压水平与心血管危险l 降压治疗与心血管危险控制 治疗益处及来源(why)治疗对象(who)治疗目标水平(what)治疗方案(which)第2页,本讲稿共54页Lancet 2002,360:1903血压、年龄与脑卒中死亡率血压、年龄与脑卒中死亡率(100(100万人群资料分析万人群资料分析)Stroke mortality(floating absolute risk and 95%CI)2561286432168421120140160180Usual sysytolic bloodPressure(mmHg)Usual
2、diastolic bloodPressure(mmHg)2561286432168421708010011090Stroke mortality(floating absolute risk and 95%CI)A:Systolic blood pressureB:Diastolic blood pressureAge at rist:80-89Years70-79Yaes60-69years50-59YearsAge at rist:80-89Years70-79Yaes60-69years50-59Years第3页,本讲稿共54页IHD mortality(floating absolu
3、te risk and 95%CI)2561286432168421120140160180Usual sysytolic bloodPressure(mmHg)Usual diastolic bloodPressure(mmHg)2561286432168421708010011090IHD mortality(floating absolute risk and 95%CI)A:Systolic blood pressureB:Diastolic blood pressureAge at rist:80-89Years70-79Yaes60-69years50-59Years40-49ye
4、arsAge at rist:80-89Years70-79Yaes60-69years50-59Years40-49yearsLancet 2002,360:1903血压、年龄与冠心病死亡率血压、年龄与冠心病死亡率(100(100万人群资料分析万人群资料分析)第4页,本讲稿共54页CauseAge atNumber ofOf deathrisk(years)deathsStroke40-494140.36(0.32-0.40)50-5913720.38(0.35-0.40)60-6929390.43(0.41-0.45)70-7943270.50(0.48-0.52)80-8926360.6
5、7(0.63-0.71)IHD40-4913220.49(0.45-0.53)50-5955940.50(0.49-0.52)60-69104500.54(0.53-0.55)70-79108520.60(0.58-0.61)80-8956490.67(0.64-0.70)Other40-493860.43(0.38-0.48)vascular50-5913770.50(0.47-0.54)60-6925490.53(0.51-0.56)70-7932270.64(0.61-0.67)80-8922510.70(0.65-0.75)0.250.350.50.71.0A:usual systol
6、ic blood pressure(115 mmHg)Hazard ratio(95%CI)for 20 mmHgLower usual systolic blood pressureLancet 2002,360:1903收缩压 20 mmHg 差值对心血管危险影响第5页,本讲稿共54页CauseAge atNumber ofOf deathrisk(years)deathsStroke40-493480.35(0.30-0.40)50-5912430.34(0.32-0.37)60-6926460.40(0.38-0.42)70-7939150.48(0.45-0.51)80-892340
7、0.63(0.58-0.69)IHD40-4911140.47(0.43-0.51)50-5949450.52(0.50-0.55)60-6992890.56(0.54-0.58)70-7997270.62(0.60-0.64)80-8950680.70(0.65-0.74)Other40-493160.43(0.37-0.50)vascular50-5911400.48(0.44-0.52)60-6922200.49(0.46-0.53)70-7928530.61(0.57-0.66)80-8919760.71(0.64-0.79)0.250.350.50.71.0B:usual diast
8、olic blood pressure(75 mmHg)Hazard ratio(95%CI)for 10 mmHgLower usual diastolic blood pressureLancet 2002,360:1903舒张压 10 mmHg10 mmHg 差值对心血管危险影响第6页,本讲稿共54页血压参数预测脑卒中和冠心病死亡率的相对能力血压参数预测脑卒中和冠心病死亡率的相对能力 脑卒中脑卒中 冠心病冠心病 SBP 89%93%DBP 83%73%PP 37%43%MAP 100%97%Mid BP 100%100%Lancet 2002,360:1903第7页,本讲稿共54页ESR
9、DESRD危险性随血压升高而增加危险性随血压升高而增加血压分级 患者 ESRD数目 年龄校正后的 校正后的RR (n=322554)(n=814)每10万人年发生率 (95%CI)理想 61089 51 5.3 1.0正常 81621 86 6.6 1.2(0.8-1.7)正常高值 73798 134 11.1 1.9(1.4-2.7)高血压 1级(轻度)85684 275 21.0 3.1(2.3-4.3)2级(中度)23459 158 43.6 6.0(4.3-8.4)3级(重度)5464 73 96.1 11.2(7.7-16.2)4级(极重度)1429 37 187.1 22.1(14
10、.2-34.3)Klag MJ,Whelton PK,Randali BL et al,New Eng J Med.1996;334:14-18.第8页,本讲稿共54页血血压水平的分水平的分类和定和定义(JNC-7)分类 收缩压(mmHg)舒张压(mmHg)正常血压 120 和 80高血压前期 120-139 或 80-89高血压1级 140-159 或 90-99高血压2级 160 或 100 第9页,本讲稿共54页血血压水平的分水平的分类和定和定义(ESH/ESC 2003)分类收缩压(mmHg)舒张压(mmHg)理想血压 120 80正常血压 120-129 80-84正常高值 130-
11、139 85-891级高血压(轻度)140-159 90-992级高血压(中度)160-179 100-1093级高血压(重度)160 110单纯收缩期高血压 140 90 第10页,本讲稿共54页110110119120129130139140149150159160+SBP,mm Hg%of men302520151050Adjusted relative risk5432107070747579808485899094100+DBP,mm Hg%of men302520151050Adjusted relative risk32.521.510.509599MRFIT:Arch Inte
12、rn Med 1993;153:598第11页,本讲稿共54页正常血压者临界血压者正常血压者临界血压者90%10%47%53%临界高血压转归临界高血压转归(Tecumsch Study,3Tecumsch Study,3年随访年随访)第12页,本讲稿共54页降压治疗临床试验荟萃分析结果T=treatmentC=controlNon-fatal eventsFatal eventsTCTCTCTCNumbers individuals020040060080010001200%reductionin oddsStroke39%CHD16%Vascular deaths21%All other d
13、eaths2%第13页,本讲稿共54页0.080.060.040.020012345Years after randomizationIschemic StrokeHemorrhagic StrokePlacebo TreatmentActive TreatmentCumulative Stroke RateSHEP study:JAMA 2000;284:265第14页,本讲稿共54页Anti-hypertensive therapy&incidence of HFn 840n 840 1,627 4,736 4,695 1,148 1,627 4,736 4,695 1,148F.U.(m
14、ths)56F.U.(mths)56 25 53 25 53 24 24 101 101 Reduction 17%Reduction 17%51%54%29%56%51%54%29%56%p p ns 0.01 0.001 ns ns 0.01 0.001 ns 0.0043 0.0043%per yearper year第15页,本讲稿共54页TrialNumber of end pointsTreat:ControlOdds rations andconfidence limitsSHEPSYST-EURSYST-CHINAALLHeterogeneity:P=0.38Reduction
15、 andSDTreatment betterTreatment worse0.51.01.5SHEPSYST-EURSYST-CHINAALLHeterogeneity:P=0.82All cardiovascular end points199:289137:18674:94410:56932%SD 52P=0.001Fatal and non-fatal stroke103:15944:7745:59195:29537%SD 62P=0.00125%SD 82P=0.004SHEPSYST-EURSYST-CHINAALLHeterogeneity:P=0.96Fatal and non-
16、fatal MI(including sudden death)90:11259:7733:44182:233Eur Heart J 1999:1(suppl):p3第16页,本讲稿共54页Eur Heart J 1999:1(suppl):p3TrialNumber of end pointsTreat:ControlOdds rations andconfidence limitsSHEPSYST-EURSYST-CHINAALLHeterogeneity:P=0.38Reduction andSDTreatment betterTreatment worse0.51.01.5SHEPSY
17、ST-EURSYST-CHINAALLHeterogeneity:P=0.82Total mortality213:242133:13761:82397:46117%SD 62P=0.008Cardiovascular mortality90:11259:7733:44182:23325%SD 82P=0.005第17页,本讲稿共54页PROGRESS:预防脑卒中再发随访时间(年)发生事件患者的比例安慰剂组 治疗组危险下降28%(95%的可信限 17-38%)P0.0001Lancet 2001;358:1033-410.200.150.100.050.001234第18页,本讲稿共54页降压
18、治疗的益处降压治疗的益处 平均下降 脑卒中 3540%心肌梗死 2025%心力衰竭 50%第19页,本讲稿共54页TrialsNumber ofOdds ratios Diferecevents/paitients(95%Cls)(SD)OldNewMIDAS/NICS/VHAS15/135815/1353STOP2/CCBs369/2213362/2196NORDIL228/5471153/3157INSIGHT152/3164153/3157ALLHAT/Aml 2203/152551256/9048ELSA 17/115713/1177CCBs without CONVINCE2984/
19、286182030/22341-3.1%(3.2)2P=0.31Heterogeneity P=0.95CONVINCE319/8297337/8179All CCBs3303/369152367/30520-2.3%(2.9)2P=0.42 Heterogeneity P=0.95UKPDS59/35875/400STOP2/ACEIs369/2213380/2205CAPPP190/5493184/5492ALLHA/Lis2203/152551314/3044ANBP2210/3039195/3044HYVET/AD30/42627/431All ACEIs3061/267842175/
20、20626-0.4%(3.1)2P=0.89Heterogeneity P=0.90LIFE 431/4588383/4605SCOPE266/2460259/2477All ARBs697/7048642/7082-9.2%(5.9)2P=0.09Heterogeneity P=0.42ALLHAT/Dox851/15268514/9067All trias 4489/532795698/67295-1.8%(2.1)2P=0.38Heterogeneity P=0.96 降压治疗临床试验汇萃分析:总死亡率降压治疗临床试验汇萃分析:总死亡率(CCBCCB、ACEIACEI、ARB vs AR
21、B vs 利尿剂利尿剂利尿剂利尿剂/b b b b阻滞剂)阻滞剂)阻滞剂)阻滞剂)New drugs betterOld drugs better0123Total mortalityStaessen JA.J Hypertens 2003,21:1055第20页,本讲稿共54页TrialsNumber ofOdds ratios Diferecevents/paitients(95%Cls)(SD)OldNewMIDAS/NICS/VHAS7/135810/1353STOP2/CCBs221/2213212/2196NORDIL115/5471131/5410INSIGHT52/316460
22、/3157ALLHAT/Aml 992/15255592/9048ELSA 8/11574/1177CCBs without CONVINCE1438/309471039/246852.0%(4.4)2P=0.64Heterogeneity P=0.59CONVINCE143/8297152/8179All CCBs1581/392441191/328642.7%(4.1)2P=0.51 Heterogeneity P=0.68UKPDS32/35848/400STOP2/ACEIs221/2213226/2205CAPPP95/549376/5492ALLHA/Lis992/15255609
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