1986—1995年历年考研英语真题集《考研推荐》.pdf
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1、 1 1 1995 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section Use of English Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 1 kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is 2 to serve some restorative
2、function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more 3 . The new experiments, such as these 4 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 5 of non-REM sleep. For example, it has long been known that total sleep
3、 6 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 7 _examinations of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now 8 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 9 bacterial infections of the blood, 10 their immune systemsthe self-protecting mechanisrn against diseasehad crashed. 1.
4、A Either B Neither C Each D Any 2. A intended B required C assumed D inferred 3. A subtle B obvious C mysterious D doubtful 4. A maintained B described C settled D afforded 5. A in the light B by virtue C with the exception D for the purpose 6. A reduction B destruction C deprivation D restriction 7
5、. A upon B by C through D with 8. A paid attention to B caught sight of C laid emphasis on D cast light on 9. A develop B produce C stimulate D induce 10. A if B as if C only if D if only Section Reading Comprehension Passage l Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It s
6、erves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand
7、 it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television licence would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube
8、would cost 20 per cent more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails
9、 to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is
10、 the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television
11、personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If its message were confined merely to informationand that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, f
12、or even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasiveadvertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants. 2 2 11. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that_. A he is fair
13、ly familiar with the cost of advertising B everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming C advertising costs money like everything else D it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising 12. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising? A Securing
14、greater fame. B Providing more jobs. C Enhancing living standards. D Reducing newspaper cost. 13. The author deems that the well-known TV personality is_. A very precise in passing his judgment on advertising B interested in nothing but the buyers attention C correct in telling the difference betwee
15、n persuasion and information D obviously partial in his views on advertising 14. In the authors opinion,_. A advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information B advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over C there is nothing wrong with advertising in
16、 persuading the buyer D the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement Passage 2 There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and
17、 measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new languageall these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts. By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by defin
18、ition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends
19、; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept. In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we tr
20、y a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think were shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, a
21、nd not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think were slow to adapt to change or that were not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all. These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessar
22、y if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making. 15 . A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when_. A he has given up his
23、 smoking habit B he has made great efforts in his work C he is keen on learning anything new D he has tried to determine where he is on his journey 16. In the authors eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would_. A succeed in climbing up the social ladder 3 3 B judge his ability to grow f
24、rom his own achievements C face difficulties and take up challenges D aim high and reach his goal each time 17. When the author says a new way of being (line 3, Para. 3) he is referring to_. A a new approach to experiencing the world B a new way of taking risks C a new method of perceiving ourselves
25、 D a new system of adaptation to change 18. For personal growth, the author advocates all of the following except_. A curiosity about more chances B promptness in self-adaptation C open-mindedness to new experiences D avoidance of internal fears and doubts Passage 3 In such a changing, complex socie
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