2016年职称外语c级考试.docx

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1、20162016 年职称英语理工年职称英语理工 c c 级考试用书级考试用书一、一、单选题单选题(词汇选项词汇选项(第第 115 题，每题题，每题 1 分，共分，共 15 分分)。下面共有 l5 个句子，每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。)1、The normal price of a ticket for an adult is$230.A)ordinaryB)properC)fairD)medium标准答案：a解析：normal 和 ordinary 的词义相近，都具有“通常的，普通的”的含义。fair

2、 是“公平的”;proper 是“适当的,正确的”;medium 是“中间的,中等的”。该句的含义是“每位成年人的通常票价是 230 美圆。”2、Of the reptile groups,the snake group was the final one to appear.A)lastB)bestC)ugliestD)longest标准答案：a解析：final作为形容词其含义是“最后的,最终的”，last(最后的)是final的近义词。ugliest是形容词ugly(丑的)的最高级。该句的含义是“在爬行类物种中，蛇是排在最后一种。”3、Awill is a document written

3、 to ensure that the wishes of the deceased(adj.已故的)are realized.A)fulfilledB)acceptedC)adoptedD)receivedAB C D标准答案：a解析：考点：考察多义词词义的确定。多义词 realize 与 the wish(愿望)搭配使用,其含义是“实现”。fulfillvt.履行,实现,完成(计划等)，该词与划线词的含义最接近。adopt vt.采用,收养，accept vt.接受,认可,承担。该句的含义是“遗嘱是确保已故的人的心愿能够被实现的文件。”4、The conference explored t

4、he possibility of closer trade links.A)rejectedB)investigatedC)proposedD)exposedAB C D标准答案：b解析：可直接根据局部搭配结构的含义-“.的可能性”判断出 B(调查，研究)最合适。reject vt.拒绝,抵制;propose vt.建议,向.提议;expose vt.使曝光，使面临;该句的含义是“会议研究了增进贸易联系的可能性。”5、Both main parties are backing these proposals.A)supportingB)discussingC)suggestingD)maki

5、ngAB C D标准答案：a解析：back 在句子中用作动词，其含义是“支持”，因此 A(支持)是答案。该句的含义是“两个主要政党都支持这些提议。”discuss 是“讨论”，suggest 是“建议”，make 是多义词，其常见的含义有“做，作，造，制定，设置”。6、I didnt ask because I was afraid of looking stupid.A)foolishB)boringC)childishD)excitingAB C D标准答案：a解析：考点：考察派生词。派生词的考察是词汇题部分的常见考点。foolish(愚蠢的)=fool+ish;boring(令人厌烦的)

6、=bor(e)+ing;childish(孩子气的)=child+ish;exciting(令人兴奋的)=excit(e)+ing。stupid 是“愚蠢的”，所以答案是 A。该句的含义是“因为我担心自己会被认为很愚蠢，所以没问”。7、The committee comprises five persons.A)absorbsB)concernsC)excludesD)involvesAB C D标准答案：d解析：comprise v.包含,由.组成;该词和 D(involve vt.包括)是近义词。absorb vt.吸收,吸引;concern vt.涉及,关系到 n.(利害)关系,关心;e

7、xclude vt.把.排除在外;该句含义是“这个委员会是由 5 个人组成。”8、All the people gathered at Marys house.A)collectedB)fixedC)dividedD)assistAB C D标准答案：a解析：gather vt.集合,聚集,搜集;该词和 A(collect v.收集,聚集)是近义词。fix vt.使固定,装置,修理;divide vt.区分，划分;assist v.援助,帮助;该句含义是“所有的人都聚集在玛丽的房子里。”9、The old concerns lose importance and some of them va

8、nish altogether.A)developB)disappearC)linkD)renewAB C D标准答案：b解析：分析：and 的使用表明前后两个结构是在语法结构对称，且含义上色彩一致，这样排除 A(“发展”和“失去重要性”在词义色彩上相反)和 D(renew=re+new(re 表示“再次”)，所以可推出 renew 是“更新”)。借助句意判断 disappear(消失)是答案。该句含义是“旧的公司失去了它们的重要性，而其中的一些公司完全得消失了。”link vt,vi(常与 together,to,with 连用)连接。10、The government is debatin

9、g the education laws.A)discussingB)defeatingC)delayingD)decliningAB C D标准答案：a解析：分析：根据句意(“政府正在.教育法”)排除 B(搭配词义不通顺)，C 和 D(C 和 D 都通常和进行时态连用)。debate:vt,vi 讨论，争论;discuss:vt 谈论;讨论;商讨(with sb.);delay:vt,vi,n.推迟;延缓;decline:vt,vi 下降;下滑;下倾11、They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around thi

10、s year.A)goodsB)soilC)climateD)harvestAB C D标准答案：d解析：分析：在该句中 yield 是用作名词(因为该词的前面有不定冠词 a)，分析：抓住句子中与划线部分相关的结构或用词特点：能与不定冠词 a 搭配使用的被选项只有 C 和 D(气候，倾向，风气，如：a mildclimate 温和的气候)。再借助句子中其他特征词：farm 判断 harvest“收成”是答案。该句含义是“这一年中他们的收成要比数英里以外的其他任何农场的收成都好得多。”yield:vt,vi出产,(常与to连用)放弃;投降;让步 n.产量;收成12、Techniques to e

11、mploy the energy of the sun are being developed.A)convertB)storeC)useD)receiveAB C D标准答案：c解析：分析：根据句意(人们正在研制开发太阳能的技术。)判断 C 合适。convert vt.使转变,转换.;storevt.贮藏,贮备,存储 n.商店,店铺,贮藏。13、Medicine depends on other fields for basic information,particularly some of their specialized branches.A)conventionallyB)obvi

12、ouslyC)especiallyD)inevitablyAB C D标准答案：c解析：分析：根据句意(医学依靠其他领域获得它所需要的基本信息，尤其是从其中一些从事专门研究的领域中获取信息。)判断 C(尤其是)最合适。conventionally adv.按照惯例;inevitably adv.不可避免;obviouslyadv.明显地14、The company recommended that a new petrol station(should)be built here.A)orderedB)insistedC)suggestedD)demandedAB C D标准答案：c解析：分析

13、：该题考察与虚拟语气相关的常见动词。recommend 是“推荐”;order 是“命令”;insist 是“坚持”;demand 是“要求”;suggest 是“建议”。只有 suggest 与 recommend 语义相近，所以答案为 C。该句含义是“公司建议在这里修建一座新的汽油站”15、It hard for the young people to imagine what severe conditions their parents once lived under.A)sincereB)hardC)strictD)tightAB C D标准答案：b解析：分析：借助与划线词直接相关

14、的搭配结构含义(.情况)判断 B(艰苦的)。sincere 是“真诚的”;hard是“艰苦的”;strict 是“严肃的”;tight 是“紧的”。该句含义是“年轻人很难想象出他们的父辈们曾经生活在怎样恶劣的环境下。”二、二、匹配题匹配题16、第二部分：阅读判断(每题 1 分，共七分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把 C 涂黑Look after your voiceOften speakers at a

15、 meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water.You can solve the problem byactivating the saliva in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or,press your entiretongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine tha

16、t you are slicing abig juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks that coat your throat.Keepyour throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking comp

17、letely.Save your voice for your speech.You mayfeel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol

18、 to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking.Theproblem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even moreconfidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain andyour mouth

19、 do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can change the habits of a lifetime.Ofcourse you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,we learn to skate in thesummer and

20、swim in the winter.Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.Ifyou are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because theybecame a part of your body.1.To solve the problem of dry mouths,one is advised to take cool

21、 milk.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned2.The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned3.The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned4.The writers advice about alco

22、hol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to giveyourself some confidence.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned5.Due to the effect of alcohol,your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned阅读判断题答案选择特点：阅读判断题答案选择特点：1.阅读判断的 7 道题中，最多的答案选项是 A(正确)，通

23、常 2-4 道题答案选择 A;其次是选项 B(错误)，通常 2-3 道题的答案选择 B;“没提到”这个答案通常在 1-2 道题中出现，通常 7 道题中有两道题的答案是“没提到”。阅读理解阅读理解/阅读判断解题技巧说明：阅读判断解题技巧说明：解答阅读判断题时可以考虑采用“新信息词/新信息短语定位法”。“新信息词/新信息短语定位法”就是利用新信息词/新信息短语作为答案线索，在文章中快速找到与问题相关的答案相关句的方法。“新信息词/新信息短语”是指问题句中出现的，传递出前面的问题中没有提到过的新信息的词语或短语。这些“新信息词/新信息短语”通常是出现在问题句中的主句和从句中的主语，或句子结尾部分的状

24、语结构中。例如 coffee andmeat(咖啡和肉)(信息词)”，由于其词义的特点(“咖啡”和“肉”分别作为其对应事物的名称，具有所指的唯一性)，如果文章中有与它们相关的内容，则 coffee and meat 两个结构很可能会直接出现在文章中，因此考虑采用“coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)”作为直接答案线索，从而借助对这两个短语的查找而快速地在文章中进行与问题句相关内容的查找和确认。在确认最终可作为答案线索的新信息词/新信息短语的时候，还要注意“特征结构优先原则”。典型的“特征结构”包括“时间状语结构”，“数字”，和作为专有名词的“人名”，“地名”和“组织机构名”等这类“特征性

25、结构”。这些结构总是以特殊形式(容易查找的形式)出现在文章中：“时间”涉及到年代或表述的数量大于 100 时，往往是以阿拉伯数字的形式出现;“人名”，“地名”，“组织机构名”作为专有名词往往以单词首字母大写的形式出现。标准答案：B,A,B,B,A解析：1.答案为 B。利用“口干”和“凉牛奶”作为答案线索词，在第一段发现含有线索词“口干”的相关句，接着在第 2 段第 2 句中发现“不要吃那些会给你嗓子盖上一层膜的牛奶或乳脂饮料。”在随后的句子中发现作者介绍用于保持嗓子湿润的饮料，所以判断答案为 B。2.答案为 A。问题句说“第一段提到了刺激唾液分泌的三种方法。”。在第一段中我们发现这样的字眼：f

26、irst,or,or 这样的词便是在引出这三种方法。3.答案为 B。利用“失音”和“看医生”作为答案线索词，于是在第 3 段发现答案相关句，相关句中作者只是说“如果你需要看医生。”，并没有建议你去看医生。4.答案为 B。问题问讲话前饮酒的问题。利用“酒”作为答案线索词，在第 4 段最后一句中发现作者说“把酒留到讲完话后再说”。5.答案为 A。该题与上一题相关，同样利用“酒”作为答案线索词，发现在第 4 段中作者说“思想和嘴”不能协调，与问题句的说法一致。Look after your voiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths

27、and ask for a glass of water.You can solve the problem byactivating the saliva in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or,press your entiretongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing abig juicy le

28、mon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks that coat your throat.Keepyour throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your

29、 speech.You mayfeel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice yo

30、u not to touch alcohol before speaking.Theproblem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even moreconfidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain andyour mouth do not work together properly.

31、Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can change the habits of a lifetime.Ofcourse you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,we learn to skate in thesummer and swim in the winter.Take this me

32、ssage to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.Ifyou are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because theybecame a part of your body.6.Geothe often did outdoor skating and swimming.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned7.The writer cit

33、es Geothe to prove that one can change ones habits.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned标准答案：C,A解析：6.答案为 C。利用 Geothe 作为答案线索词，发现文章说 Geothe 生活的时代还没有室内溜冰场或室内游泳池，并没说 Geothe 做户外的滑冰和游泳。该题是考察对句子结构的分析。7.答案为 A。该题也与前一题相关。文章最后一句说“如果你愿意改变，新技能将成为你生活的一部分。”，该句也反映出作者引用 Geothe 的目的。第三部分：概括大意与完成句子第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(每题每题 1 分，共分，

34、共 8 分分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)1-4 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题;(2)第 5-8 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。The fridgeThe fridge is considered a necessity.It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with thelabel:store in the refrigerator.In my fridgeles

35、s Fifties childhood,I was fed well and healthily.The milkman came daily,the grocer,thebutcher,the baker,and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week.The Sunday meat would last untilWednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes.Nothing was wasted and we were never troubl

36、edby rotten food.Thirty years on,food deliveries have ceased,fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in thecountry.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation.Avast variety ofwell-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling,drying,smoking,slatin

37、g,sugaring,bottlingWhat refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity,marketing soft drinks,marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently,most of the worlds fridges are to be found,not in the tropics where they might prove usefu

38、l,butin the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary.Every winter,millions of fridges hum away continuously,and at vast expanse,busily maintaining an artificially-cooled spaceinside an artificially-heated house-while outside,nature provides the desired

39、temperature free of charge.The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident,while its contribution to human happiness has beeninsignificant.If you dont believe me,try it yourself.Invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter.You may miss the hamburgers but at least youll get

40、ride of that terrible hum.1.Paragraph 2 _ A.The invention of the fridge2.Paragraph 4 _ B.The pollution caused by fridges3.Paragraph 5 _ C.The widespread need for fridges4.Paragraph 6 _ D.The days without the fridgeE.The waste of energy caused by fridgesF.The fridges contribution to commerce概括大意题解题思路

41、：概括大意题解题思路：1.如果段落的段首句和/或段尾句是观点句，则往往段首句和/或段尾句的句意应该与所选择的段落小标题内容呼应;2.如果段落中有反复出现的词语/结构，则该词语/结构应该出现在段落小标题中;3.如果段落中有举例或例举的内容，则往往该例子或例举的内容所反应的信息在段落小标题中有呼应;4.如果段落中出现有观点句(引导出观点句的常见结构:to sum up(adv.总之,总而言之);in a word(adv.总之),in conclusion(adv.最后,总之)等)，或段落中有句子表述的内容是“.研究发现.”，“某某研究者发现.”，或段落的开头或结尾处出现转折句(转折句子中往往有“

42、but,however,although,though,nevertheless”等表述语意转折的逻辑副词或逻辑连词)，则这些句子可能就是段落的中心句，这些句子的句意应该在该段段落小标题中有呼应;标准答案：D,F,E,B解析：1.D。分析：段首句(观点句)说“在我童年的时候还没有冰箱，但是我吃的很好，吃的是很健康的食物”，接着提到了“送奶工每天送奶，食品商等每周几次的送货”，这在内容上是具体说明“没有使用冰箱时生活的情况”，在该段最后一句中提到“三十年过去了，供货者已经不再送食物(上门)了，”，结合该句内容不难推断该段中前面部分的主要内容是有关“没有冰箱”时生活情况的描述，因此判断 D(没有冰

43、箱的日子)是答案。2.F。分析：段首句是观点句，该句说“冰箱的确促进了市场销售”，而“marketing(市场销售)”这个词也是在段落中反复出现，因此判断选项中应该出现与该词相呼应的词或内容，因此判断 F(commerce(贸易)与 marketing(销售)呼应)是答案。3.E。分析：该段段首句很长，但是注意到段首句中出现了由转折词 but 所引导的转折句(段首句/段未句中的转折分句处的句意往往很可能是段落的主题句)，该部分内容说“但是(世界上绝大多数的冰箱被发现是用在那些气候温和的，富有国家里，这些国家从气候上说几乎是没有必要使用冰箱。)”，借助这部分内容判断 E(由冰箱所造成的能源浪费)

44、是答案的最佳选项。4.B。分析：段首句是观点句，该句说“冰箱对环境的影响一直是很显著的(借助常识和背景知识，我们能意识到这里所说“对环境的影响”是指“对环境的污染”)，而冰箱对人类所带来的幸福却是微不足道的”，这个句子很明确地反映了作者的观点，对比剩下的被选项，判断 B(冰箱所带来的污染)是最佳的选项。The fridgeThe fridge is considered a necessity.It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with thelabel:store in the refrigera

45、tor.In my fridgeless Fifties childhood,I was fed well and healthily.The milkman came daily,the grocer,thebutcher,the baker,and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week.The Sunday meat would last untilWednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes.Nothing was wasted and w

46、e were never troubledby rotten food.Thirty years on,food deliveries have ceased,fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in thecountry.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation.Avast variety ofwell-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling,dr

47、ying,smoking,slating,sugaring,bottlingWhat refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity,marketing soft drinks,marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently,most of the worlds fridges are to be found,not in the tropics where the

48、y might prove useful,butin the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary.Every winter,millions of fridges hum away continuously,and at vast expanse,busily maintaining an artificially-cooled spaceinside an artificially-heated house-while outside,nature pr

49、ovides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident,while its contribution to human happiness has beeninsignificant.If you dont believe me,try it yourself.Invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter.You may miss the hamburgers but

50、at least youll get ride of that terrible hum.5.Before fridges came into use,it was still possible for people to have fresh foods because _.6.The invention of the fridge has not provided a new,economical way in which _.7.An important contribution made by the invention of the fridge is that _.8.If you