人教版八年级英语上Unit1-2教案及练习有答案.docx

《人教版八年级英语上Unit1-2教案及练习有答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版八年级英语上Unit1-2教案及练习有答案.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2015 新版八年级上册新版八年级上册 1-10 分分单元单元知识点归类总结知识点归类总结Unit 1Where did you go on vacation?（谈论假期生活，一般过去时）Unit 2How often do you exercise?（谈论生活习惯，一般现在时）Unit 3Im more outgoing than my sister（谈论事物对比，形容词比较级）Unit 4Whats the best movie theater?（谈论事物比较，形容词最高级）Unit5Do you want to watch a game show?（谈论内心想法，一般现在时）Unit6I

2、m going to study computer science.(谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时)Unit7Will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言，一般将来时)Unit8How do you make a banana milk shake?(描述进程，祈使句)Unit9Can you come to my party?(学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子)Unit10If you go to the party,youll have a great time.(作出决定，学习 if 的条件状语从句)Unit 1 Where did you go on

3、 vacation?第一单元主要点：复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的 to do 和 doing 的区别ed 形容词和 ing 形容词的区别“近义词”的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。一、词组、短语一、词组、短语：1、go on vacation 去度假，2、stay at home呆在家，3、go to the mountains上山/进山，4、go to the beach 到海边去，5、visit museums 参观博物馆，6、go to summer c

4、amp 去夏令营，7、quite a few 相当多，8、study for 为学习，9、go out 出去，10、most of the time大部分时间/绝大多数时间，11、taste good 尝起来味道好，12、have a good time 玩的开心，13、of course 当然可以，14、feel like 感觉像/想要,15、go shopping 购物，16、in the past 在过去，17、walk around 绕走，18、too many 太多（可数名词前面），19、because of因为，20、one bowl of一碗,21、find out 查出来/发现

5、，22、go on 继续，23、take photos照相，24、something important 重要的事情，25、up and down 上上下下，26、come up 出来二、重要句子（语法二、重要句子（语法）：Where did you go on vacation?你到哪里去度假了？I went to New York City.我去了纽约城Did you go out with anyone?你出去带人吗？No,No one was here.Everyone was on vacation.不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。Did you buy anything spec

6、ial?你买了什么特别的东西吗？Yes,I bought something for my father.对，我给父亲买了一些东西。How was the food?食物怎么样？Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗？Oh,yes.Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。三、习惯用法、搭配三、习惯用法、搭配1.buy sth.for ab./buy sb.sth.为某人买某物2.taste+adj.尝起来3.nothing.but+V.(原形)除了之

7、外什么都没有4.seem+(to be)+adj看起来5.arrive in+大地方/arrive at+小地方 到达某地6.decide to do sth.决定做某事7.try doing sth.尝试做某事/try to do sth.尽力做某事8.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事9.want to do sth.想去做某事10.start doing sth.开始做某事11.stop doing sth.停止做某事12.look+adj 看起来13.dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事14.Why not do sth.为什么不做.呢？15.so+adj+that

8、+从句如此以至于16.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事17.keep doing sth.继续做某事18.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth忘记做过某事四、词语辨析四、词语辨析：1.Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了？（P1）1）这是有疑问副词 where 引导的特殊疑问句，where 用来询问地点和场所，放在句首。a._ do you _ _?你从哪里来？b._does he_?他住在哪里？2）go on vacation 意为“去度假”。I want _ _ _ _in

9、Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2.visited my uncle看望了我的叔叔（P1）visit 是及物动词，意为“拜访；探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。visit 还可以意为“参观；游览”，后接表示地点的名词。a.I visited my grandmother last week.上周我去_了我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai?你想_上海吗？拓展：visitor 意为“参观者；游客”。eg:These visitors come from America._3.buy anything special买特别的东西。（P

10、2）1）buy 及物动词，意为“买；购买”。其过去式为_。拓展：buy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.意为“给某人买某物”。My uncle_ _a bike.=My uncle_ _for me.2)anything 不定代词，意为“某事；某件东西”，主要用于疑问句或否定句中。a.Do you want anything from me?b.I cant say anything about it.3)anthing special 表示“特别的东西”，形容词修饰不定代词时后置。Is there_ _in this book?这本书里有新的内容吗？4.Oh,did you g

11、o anywhere interesting?哦，你去有趣的地方了吗？（P2）1）本句是 did 开头的一般疑问句2）anywhere 用作副词，意为“在任何地方”。eg：Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation？辨析：anywhere 与与 somewhereanywhere 意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。eg:I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 意为“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.5.We took quite a

12、few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。（P2）take photos 意为“照相；拍照”。eg:We_ _on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。辨析：quite a few 与与 quite a littlequite a few 意为“很多;不少”，修饰可数名词复数；quite a little 意为“很多;不少”，修饰不可数名词。a.He stays here for _ _ _days.b.There is _ _ _water in the bottle(瓶子).6.I just stayed at home most of the time to

13、 read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。（P2）most of the time 意为“大部分时间”，其中 most 为代词，意为“大部分；大多数”。拓展拓展 most of意为“中的大多数”，它作主语时，谓语动词取决于 most of 后所修饰的名词。a.Most of us_(be)going to the park.我们大多数人要去公园。b.Most of the food_(go)bad.大部分的食物都变质了。7.Everything tasted really good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！（P3）taste 在此为系动词，意为“尝起来”，其后接形容

14、词构成系表结构。a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。8.Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很开心吗？（P3）have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun 玩得开心（+doing）eg:We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.=We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.=We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.9.How did you

15、like it?你觉得它怎么样？（P3）How do/did you like?意为“你觉得怎么样？”，用来询问对方的观点或看法，相当于What do you think of?eg:How do you like your new job?=_ _ _ _ your new job?10.Did you go shopping?你们去购物了吗？（P3）go shopping 意为“去购物；去买东西”，同义短语为 do some shopping.eg:I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表

16、达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去go sightseeing 去观光go fishing 去钓鱼go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船11.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。（P3）a friends farm 是名词所有格形式。一般情况下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加s，表示所属关系。eg:The red bike isAlices.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。拓展：名词所有格的构成：1）单数名词词尾

17、加s，复数名词词尾没有 s,也要加sthe girl s pen 女孩的钢笔womens shoes 女鞋on Childrens Day2）复数名词以 s 结尾的只加 the studentsreading room 学生阅览室TeachersDay 教师节3）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，则表示“分别有”；只后一个名词有一个s，则表示“共有”：Johns and Kates rooms.约翰和凯特（各自）的房间。Lily and Lucys father.莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一个爸爸）。4）表示无生命的名词一般以.of.构成短语，表示所有关系。a map of China 一幅中国地图t

18、he name of the story 那个故事的名字12.Still no one seemed to be bored.(即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。（P3）1）seem 意为“好像；似乎；看来”。eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展 a.seem+adj.“看起来”。You seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴。b.seem+to do sth.“似乎，好像做某事”。I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。c.It seems/seemed+从句“看起来好像；似乎”。It seems that no one bel

19、ieves you.看起来好像没有人相信你。2）辨析：bored 与与 boringa.bored 意为“厌烦的；感到无聊的”，一般在句中修饰人。b.boring 意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”，一般在句中修饰事或物。eg：a.Im _with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。b.I find the story very_.我发现这个故事太无聊了。（二）二）Section B1.What activities do you find enjoyable?你发现什么活动让人快乐？（P5）1）activities 是 activity 的复数形式，意为“活动”。Students li

20、ke outdoor activities._2）enjoyable 形容词，意为“愉快的；快乐的”。Im sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。2.I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。（P5arrive 不及物动词，意为“到达”。arrive in 表示到达较大的地方，如国家、省、市等；arrive at 表示到达较小的地方，如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。（注：地点副词 home，here，there

21、 前介词省略）辨析：arrive in+大地点/arrive at+小地点get to+地点reach+地点eg：I(到达)school at 8：00 oclock yesterday.3.so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel 因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去。（P5）decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。eg:They _ _ _the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。拓展：decide 后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语。He cant decide when _ _(leave)他不能决定何时动身。4.My

22、sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。（P5）try 此处用作及物动词，其后常接名词、动名词或不定式，意为“尝试；试图，设法；努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。拓展：try 也可用作名词，意为“尝试”，常用短语“have a try”，意为“试一试”。I want to have a try.我想试一试。辨析：try doing sth./try to do sth.1）try doing sth.尝试做某事，表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力。2）try to do sth.尽力、设法去

23、做某事，表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成，强调付出努力设法去完成。a.I _ him,but no one answered.我试着给他打电话了，但没有人接听。b.Im_ English well.我正尽力把英语学好。5.I felt like I was a bird.It was so exciting!我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了！（P5）1）feel like 意为意为“给给的感觉；感受到的感觉；感受到”。其后常接从句。eg:He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。拓展：feel like 还可意为还可意为“想要想要”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。

24、即：feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事eg：Do you feel like a cup of tea now?你现在想要一杯茶吗？Do you feel like _(take)a walk in the park with me?你想跟我在公园散步吗？2）辨析：exciting 与 excitedexciting意为“令人兴奋的，使人激动的”，一般修饰某物。excited意为“感到兴奋的，激动的”，一般修饰某人。Eg：a.The story is_(exciting,excited).b.He told me the_(exciting,

25、excited)news.c.Sarah was_(exciting,excited)to see the singer.6.There are a lot of new buildings now现在有许多新的建筑物（P5）building可数名词,意为“建筑物；楼房”。build 动词，“建造，建筑”（built，built），The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.7.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。（P5）wo

26、nder 此处是及物动词，意为“想知道；琢磨”。其后常接 who,what,why 等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg：1.I wonder _.我想知道那个男孩是谁。A.the boy is whoB.who the boy is2.I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。8.I really enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。（P5）1）enjoy 及物动词，意为“喜爱；欣赏；享受的乐趣”，其后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。a.Do you enjoy your job?你喜欢你的工作吗？b

27、.I enjoy reading books.我喜欢读书。(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事)拓展：enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 玩得开心（+doing sth.）2）walk around 意为“四处走走”。Hes just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走。9.What a difference a day makes!一天的变化有多大呀！（P5）difference 可数名词，意为“差别，差异”；其形容词形式为 different，意为“不同的；有差异的”。Eg:a.What is t

28、he difference between this book and that book?b.My schoolbag is different from yours.(be different from意为“与不同”)10.We wanted to walk up to the top,but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.（P5）1）want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。2）start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，同义短语：start to do sth.Eg:To

29、m started learning English last year.3）a little 意为“一点儿”，在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可数名词。Eg:a.I can draw a little,but only as a hobby._b.Its a little cold outside._c.He can speak a little English._4)take the train 意为“乘火车”，take 在此意为“乘坐”。11.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many peo

30、ple.因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。（P5）1）wait for 意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2）over 介词，意为“多于；超过”，相当于 more than。Eg:My father is over 40 years old.There are over eight hundred students in our school.3)too many 意为“太多”，其后接可数名词复数。He always has too many questions to ask me.辨析：too many+可数名词复

31、数意为“太多.”too much+不可数名词意为“太多.”much too+形容词意为“太.”eg：I havehomework to do today.12.And because of the bad weather,we couldnt see anything below.而且因为坏天气，我们也没能看到下面的任何景色（P5）辨析：because of 与 becausea.because of 意为“因为，由于”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He lost his job because of his age.b.because 意为“因为”，引导状语从句，即接句子。I di

32、dnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13.My father didnt bring enough money 我爸爸没带足够的钱（P5）1）辨析：bring 与 takebring 意为“带来；拿来”，指从别处带到说话者所在地。take 意为“拿走；带走”，指从说话者所在地带到别处去。2）enough 意为“足够的，充分的”1.用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后。2.用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。Eg：a.We have enough time to do our homework.b.The box is big e

33、nough.14.because we forgot to bring an umbrella 因为我们忘了带雨伞。（P6）辨析：forget to do sth.与 forget doing sth.forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事（事情还没做）”eg:Dont forget to close the window.forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）”eg:I forget closing the window.15.About one hour later,we stopped and drank some tea.大约一小时后，我们

34、停下来喝了些茶。（P6）1）one hour later一小时后；一小时前_2）stop 动词，意为“停止；中断”，过去式_，现在分词_；3）drink 及物动词，意为“喝；饮”；还可以作名词，意为“饮料”。16.Did you dislike anything?你不喜欢什么东西吗？（P7）dislike 意为“不喜欢；厌恶”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。Eg：a.Mary _the hamburgers.玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。b.I_computer我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。17.Why not?为什么不带呀？（P8）why not 意为“为什么不呢”，一般用在疑问句中，表示提建议；why

35、not 后面需跟动词原形。注“Why not+动词原形?”相当于“Why dont you+动词原形?”a.Why not go to the party with me?=Why dont you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢？b._ take a walk?=_ take a walk?为什么不去散步呢？18.Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。（P8）with 介词，意为“具有；带有”。此处介词短语 with so

36、me food and water 作 bag 的后置定语。拓展：with 作介词时的其他用法：a.“和和一起一起I often go to school _ my friend.我经常和朋友们一起去上学。b.以（手段、材料以（手段、材料），用（工具，用（工具），Cut the apple with a knife.用刀切苹果。19.My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。（P8）sothat/suchthat（如此以致）引导的结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+thatEg：1.He is _lovely a

37、 boy_we love him very much.2.The little boy is so young that he cant go to school._20.常用的感叹句的结构常用的感叹句的结构：1）What+adj.+复数名词复数名词/不可数名词不可数名词+主语+谓语！2）What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数可数名词单数+主语+谓语！3）How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！4）How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！eg:1.What an interesting book it is!=How interesting a book is!那本书多么有趣

38、啊！2._a clever girl she is!A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Where3._clever a girl she is!A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Where4._important jobs they have done!A.WhatB.WhoC.How D.Where5._sweet water it is!A.WhoB.WhatC.Where D.How6._interesting the dog is!A.WhoB.What C.Where D.How21.My classmates told me to keep going,so I went on

39、.我的同学告诉我坚持往前走，因此我便继续前进了（P8）1）tell sb.(not)to do sth.意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事。The teacher _ _ _ the window just now.老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户。2）keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事，一直做某事”。She_ TV for two hours last night.昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视。23.Everyone jumped up and down in excitement.大家都兴奋地跳起来。（P8）up and down 意为“上上下下；来来回回”，在句中作状语。Eg：They lo

40、oked me _ _ _.他们上上下下打量我。He walks_ _ _ in the room.他在房间里来回走动。22.反身代词反身代词：myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves.作动词或介词的宾语：经常在 enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,dress,kill 等动词和 by,for,to,of 等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身He is teaching himself English.她在自学英语。She was talking to herself.她

41、自言自语。He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。1)Help yourself!请随便吃吧！/请自己去取吧!2)Make yourself at home!别客气！3)make yourself heard/understood.使你的话被人听得见/理解4)teach oneself 自学=learn by oneself5)by oneself 独自6)for oneself 为自己；替自己7)enjoy oneself 玩的愉快8)dress oneself 给自己穿衣23.few,little,a few,a little：的用法 few,

42、a few 修饰可数名词，little,a little 修饰不可数名词。few,little 具有否定意义，表示“几乎没有”，a few,a little 具有肯定意义，表示“一些”。He has little money,but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱，但是几乎没有学生想借钱给他。There is a little milk and a few apples left in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶和一些苹果。动词过去式构成规则动词过去式构成规则构成规则原形过 去 式1.一般在动词原形末尾加-ed（四刚刚好

43、）workplayworkedplayed2.结尾是 e 的动词加-d（三少）hopelivehopedlived3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed（二多）stoptripstoppedtripped4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed（一改）studyworrystudiedworried5.特殊变化（必须记）见八年级上册课本 142 页（附后）初中英语不规则动词表（一）一、AAA 型（原形原形原形）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思readreadread读cutcutcut切，割letletlet让putputput放costcost

44、cost花费，值hithithit撞，击setsetset安排，安置hurthurthurt使伤痛二、ABA 型（原形过去式原形）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑三、ABC 型1.ow ew own原形过去式过去分词汉语意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道flyflewflown飞2.ia u原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum

45、游泳ringrangrung打电话3.3.原形原形过去式过去式过去式过去式+(e)n+(e)n原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思wearworeworn穿forgetforgotforgotten忘记speakspokespoken说freezefrozefrozen冻choosechosechosen选择4.4.原形原形过去式过去式原形原形+(e)n+(e)n原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思eatateeaten吃forbidforbadeforbidden禁止givegavegiven给rideroderidden骑seesawseen看见writew

46、rotewritten写fallfellfallen落下5.5.无规律无规律原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走taketooktaken拿四、四、ABBABB 型型1.1.原形原形oughtought oughtought原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考2.2.原形原形aughtaught aughtaught原形

47、原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思catchcaughtcaught捉,抓teachtaughttaught教3.3.变其中一个元音字母变其中一个元音字母原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思feedfedfed喂meetmetmet遇见getgotgot得到holdheldheld拥有babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢findfoundfound发现4.4.原形原形ltltltlt原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持leaveleftle

48、ft离开sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫5.5.变其中一个辅音字母变其中一个辅音字母原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard听见makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思sendsentsent送,寄spendspentspent花费dealdealtdealt处理6.6.辅音字母和元音字母都变辅音字母和元音字母都变原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思havehadhad有,吃laylainlain放loselostlost丢失paypaidpaid付钱s

49、aysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站五、五、AABAAB 型型原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思beatbeatbeaten打败六、有两种形式六、有两种形式原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思bearboreborn生borebornehanghangedhanged吊死hunghung挂learnlearnedlearned学learntlearntlieliedlied说谎laylain躺showshowedshowed给看showedshownspellspelledspelled拼

50、写speltspeltburnburnedburned烧burntburntsmellsmelledsmelled闻smeltsmeltshineshinedshined照耀shoneshonedreamdreameddreamed做梦dreamtdreamtwakewakedwaked醒wokewokenhidehidhid躲藏hidhidden七、情态动词七、情态动词原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思cancould能maymight也许mustmust必须shallshould将要willwould会练习题1、写出下列动词的过去式：go _stop _ visit _s