2022年小学英语语法复习大全及练习题.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用 in,日子前面却不行；遇到几号要用 on,上午下午又是 in；要说某日上下午,用 on 换 in 才能行；午夜黄昏须用 at,清晨用它也不错；at 也用在明分前,说“ 差” 可要用上 to,past,多说多练牢牢记,说“ 过” 只可使用 莫让岁月空蹉跎；下面就时间概念的介词用法做一简要介绍和比较；1at 表示时间概念的某一个点； （在某时刻、时间、阶段等） ；at 1：00（dawn,midnight,noon）在一点钟（清晨、午夜、中午）务；these are our chief ta

2、sks at the present stage这些就是我们现阶段的主要任2on 1）表示详细日期；they arrived in shanghai on may 25他们在五月二十五日到达上海；1）关于 在周末 的几种表示法：at（on）the weekend-特指-泛指 at（on）weekends over the weekend during the weekend（2）在圣诞节,应说 at christmas on christmas 2）在（刚 ）的时候；on reaching the city he called up his parents一到城里他就给父母打了一个电 话；3i

3、n 1）表示 时段 、时期,在多数情形下可以和 dur- ing 互换,前者强调对比,后者强调连续；in（during）1988（december,the 20th century）在一九八八年（十二月、二十世纪）i returned to beijing in the middle of june 我是六月中回北京的；示在某项活动的期间 ,就只能用 during；但假如表during my military service（the trip）在我服役期间（在旅行期间）2）表示以说话时间为基点的（如干时间）以后 ,常用作将来时态谓语的时间状语；如这时要表示 （如干时间）内 ,常用 within

4、 ；比较：the meeting will end in 30 can you finish it within 30完成这件事吗？minutes（三非常钟后）会议三非常钟后终止；minutes？（三非常钟内）你能在三非常钟之内但在过去时态中, in 可用于表 在如干时间以内 ,这时不要误用 during； the job was done during a week（wrong）the job was done in a week（right）这工作在一星期内就完成了；4after 表示 在（某详细时间）以后 ,留意不要和 in 的 2）意混淆；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1

5、 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载比较： he will be after supper（8oclock,the war）晚饭（八点、战）后back in two hours他将在两个小时以后回来；he returned to his hometown after the war战后他回到了家乡；5for 表 示（动作连续）如干时间 ,有时可省略； i stayed in london（for）two days on my way to new york在去纽约的途中,我在伦敦呆了两天；6since表示 自（某详细时间）以来 ,常用作完成时态谓

6、语的时间状语；since liberation（1980）自从解放（1980 年）以来 they have been close friends 注：since childhood他们从小就是好伴侣；（1）since the war 是指 自从战争终止以来 ,如指 自从战争开头以来 ,须 说since the beginning of the war；（2）不要将 since 与 after 混淆； 比较： he has worked here since 1965（指 一段时间,强调时间段）自从 1965 年以来,他始终在这儿工作；he began to work here after 19

7、65（指一点时间, 强调时间点） 从 1965 年以后,他开头在这儿工作；7by 表示 到 的时候 ,其谓语时态的用法：动作动词常用完成时态；状态动词（ be）常用一般时态；by noon,everybody had（will have ）arrived there by noon,everybody were（will be）there 到中午的时候,大家都（将）到那儿了；以上探讨了介词表示时间概念时的用法和比较, 上述介词除表示时间概念外仍有其他的用法,英语学习者必需把握其各种用法,才能敏捷运用,提高自己的语言才能；学校英语语法复习要点（一）一、名词复数规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如：

8、 book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加 -es,如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 结 尾 , 变y 为 i, 再 加 -es, 如 ： family-families, 3 以 “辅 音 字 母 +y ”strawberry-strawberries 4以“f 或 fe” 结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es,如： knife-knives 5不规章名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-pol

9、icemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出以下各词的复数 I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ wom

10、an_ paper_ juice_ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特点、状态；如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的；2.表示常常性或习惯性的动作； 如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床；3.表示客观现实；如： The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转；一般现在时的构成 1. be动词

11、：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩；2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 +其它 ；如：We study English.我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 -s或-es；如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜爱汉语；一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化；否定句：主语 + be + not +其它；如： He is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑问句： Be +主语 +其它；如： -Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特别疑问句：疑问词

12、+一般疑问句；如： Where is my bike. 2.行为动词的变化；否定句：主语 + dont doesnt +动词原形 +其它 ；如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 He doesnt often play. doesnt构成否定句；如：一般疑问句： Do Does +主语+动词原形 +其它；如：- Do you often play football. - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句；如：- Does she go to work by bike. - Yes, she d

13、oes. / No, she doesnt. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： How does your father go to work. 动词 +s的变化规章 1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、 写出以下动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ st

14、ay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often _have dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One. 3. We _not watch TV on Monday. 4. Nick _not go to the zo

15、o on Sunday. 5. _ they _like the World Cup. 6. What _they often _do on Saturdays. 7. _ your parents _read newspapers every day. 8. The girl _teach us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _take a walk together every evening. 10. There _be some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _like cooking. 12. They _have t

16、he same hobby. 13. My aunt _look after her baby carefully. 14. You always _do your homework well. 15. I _be ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _go to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _do not like PE. 18. The child often _watch TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _have eight lessons this t

17、erm. 20. What day _be it today. Its Saturday. 三、根据要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.改为否定句 _ 2. I do my homework every day.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ _ 3. She likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作确定回答 _ _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ _ 5. We go to school every morning.改为否定句 _ 6. He speaks English v

18、ery well.改为否定句 _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.对划线部分提问 _ 8. John comes from Canada.对划线部分提问 _ 9. She is always a good student.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载_ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.改为否定句 _ 五、改错 划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上 1. Is your bro

19、ther speak English. 2. Does he likes going fishing. 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ _ _ _ 5. She don t do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作；2现在进行时的确定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在 be后加 not；4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首；5现在进行时的

20、特别疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing. 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 动词 ing. 动词加 ing 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加ing,如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 如： run-running, stop-stopping ing,现在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _s

21、ki_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ drawa picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ singin the classroom . 3. My mother _ cook some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ do now. 5. Look . They _ have an English lesson .

22、 6.They _not ,water the flowers now. 7.Look. the girls _dance in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing. She _listen to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _havesupper now10._Helen_wash clothes. Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1. They are

23、doing housework .分别改成一般疑问句和否定句 _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . 改一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答 _ _ 3Im playing the football in the playground .对划线部分进行提问 _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . 对划线部分进行提问 _ 四、将来时理论及练习 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事；句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year ,soo

24、n, the day after tomorrow（后天）等；二、基本结构： be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在 be 动词（am, is, are）l 后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont；m not going to have a picnic 例如： Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Ithis afternoon. 四、一般疑问句：be 或 will 提到句首, some改为 any, and改为 or,第一二人称 互换；例如： We are going to go on an

25、 outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend. 五、对划线部分提问；一般情形,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情形；1. 问人； Who 例如： Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 问干什么； What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this af

26、ternoon. 3. 问什么时候；When.例如：She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed. 六、同义句： be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 填空；1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛 . 我想去打篮球；W

27、hat _ _ _ _ _ next Monday. I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday. I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是,她要去买一些水果；_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _. Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载4. 你们准备什么时候见面；What time _ you _

28、_ meet. 改句子；5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them. 7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She i

29、s going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school. 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 同上 _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空；11. Today is a sunny day. We _ have a picnic this afternoon. 12. My brother _ go to Sha

30、nghai next week. 13. Tom often _go to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ go to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends. I usually _ watch TV and _catch insects. 15. It s Friday today. What _she _ do this weekend. She _ watch TV and _ catch insects. 16. What _ d0 you do last Sunda

31、y. I _ pick apples on a farm. What _ do next Sunday. I _ milk cows. 17. Mary _ visit her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao _ fly kites in the playground yesterday. 19. David _ give a puppet show next Monday. 20. I _ plan for my study now. 五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时 间状语连用；一般过去时也表示过去常常

32、或反复发生的动作感谢；2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：t）am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was；（was not=wasnare在一般过去时中变为were；（were not=werent）带有 was或 were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are一样,即否定句在was 或 were 后加 not,一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首；3句中没有 be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didnt +动词原形,如： Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加 did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形；如： Did Jim go home

33、 yesterday. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如： Who went to home yesterday. 动词过去式变化规章：1一般在动词末尾加 -ed,如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e加 d,如： taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字 母,再加 -ed

34、,如： stop-stopped 4以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加-ed,如： study-studied 过去时练习写出以下动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be 动词的过去时练习（ 1）一、 用 be 动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We

35、_ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、 句型转换1. It was exciting. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _

36、 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 3. They were in his pocket. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ Be 动词的过去时练习（ 2）一、用 be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 名师归纳总结 - - -