皮肤科基础皮损描述精选PPT.ppt

《皮肤科基础皮损描述精选PPT.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《皮肤科基础皮损描述精选PPT.ppt（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、关于皮肤科基础皮损描述第1页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二皮疹的分类原发性损害（primary lesions）由皮肤病理变化直接产生的病变斑疹、丘疹、斑块、结节、风团、水疱、脓疱、囊肿。继发性损害（secondary lesions）由原发损害转变而来，或由于治疗、搔抓等引起鳞屑、糜烂、浸渍、萎缩、溃疡、结痂、裂隙、瘢痕、抓痕、苔藓化。第2页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Macule:Macule:A macule is a A macule is a circumscribed,flat circumscribed,flat lesion that differs lesion that di

2、ffers from surrounding from surrounding skin because of its skin because of its color.color.斑疹：斑疹：局限性皮肤颜色改变，不高起或凹陷皮面局限性皮肤颜色改变，不高起或凹陷皮面。第3页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二AC斑疹：斑疹：局限性色素改变局限性色素改变色素沉着斑（色素沉着斑（A A）色素减退板（色素减退板（B B）炎症性充血（炎症性充血（C C）B第4页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二PapulePapule：A papule is a A papule is a small,solid,small,s

3、olid,elevated lesion.elevated lesion.Papules are usually Papules are usually smaller than 1 cm in smaller than 1 cm in diameter.diameter.丘疹：丘疹：局限性实质性隆起，直径小于局限性实质性隆起，直径小于1cm1cm。第5页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二丘疹：丘疹：局限性实质性隆起，局限性实质性隆起，直径通常小于直径通常小于0.5cm0.5cm炎症性丘疹（炎症性丘疹（左上图左上图）病毒感染性丘疹（病毒感染性丘疹（左下图左下图）斑块：斑块：丘疹融合而成，直径丘疹融合

4、而成，直径大于大于1cm1cm第6页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二NoduleNodule：A nodule is a palpable,solid,A nodule is a palpable,solid,round or ellipsoidal lesion.round or ellipsoidal lesion.Depth of involvement Depth of involvement and/or substantive and/or substantive palpability rather than palpability rather than diameter diff

5、erentiate a diameter differentiate a nodule from a papule.nodule from a papule.结节：结节：实质性隆起，侵犯深度与直径大于丘疹实质性隆起，侵犯深度与直径大于丘疹第7页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二结节：结节：实质性隆起实质性隆起肿瘤性结节肿瘤性结节（A）代谢异常性结节代谢异常性结节（B）AB第8页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二WhealWheal：A wheal,or hive is a round or A wheal,or hive is a round or flat-topped papule or plaque

6、 flat-topped papule or plaque that is characteristically that is characteristically evanescent,disppearing within evanescent,disppearing within 24 hours.24 hours.风团：风团：暂时性、局限性皮肤水肿性隆起，持续时间通常短于暂时性、局限性皮肤水肿性隆起，持续时间通常短于2424小时小时第9页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二风团：风团：暂时性、局限性皮肤水肿性隆起暂时性、局限性皮肤水肿性隆起第10页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Vesicle a

7、nd bullae:Vesicle and bullae:A vesicle is a circumscribed,elevated lesion that A vesicle is a circumscribed,elevated lesion that contains fluid.A bullae is a vesicle larger than 0.5cm.Can be epidermal or contains fluid.A bullae is a vesicle larger than 0.5cm.Can be epidermal or subepidermal.subepide

8、rmal.水疱：水疱：含有液体高出皮面的损害。直径大于含有液体高出皮面的损害。直径大于0.5cm0.5cm为为大疱大疱.AB第11页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二水疱：含有液体高出皮面的损害。水疱：含有液体高出皮面的损害。第12页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二大疱：大疱：含有液体高出皮面的损害，直径大含有液体高出皮面的损害，直径大于于0.5cm0.5cm。第13页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Pustule:Pustule:A pustule is a A pustule is a circumscribed,raised circumscribed,raised lesion that conta

9、ins a lesion that contains a purulent exudate.purulent exudate.脓疱脓疱:含有脓液的疱疹。与此类似的损害如含有脓液的疱疹。与此类似的损害如血疱血疱第14页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二脓疱脓疱:含有脓液的疱疹含有脓液的疱疹.第15页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Cysts:Cysts:A cyst is a sac that contains A cyst is a sac that contains liquid or semisolid material liquid or semisolid material(fluid,cell

10、s,and cell products),(fluid,cells,and cell products),on palpation,it is resilient.on palpation,it is resilient.囊肿囊肿:含有液体或半固体物质的囊性损害含有液体或半固体物质的囊性损害,触之有弹性触之有弹性.第16页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二 囊肿囊肿:含有液体或半固体物质的囊性损害含有液体或半固体物质的囊性损害,触之有弹性触之有弹性.第17页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Scale,desquamation:Scale,desquamation:Abnormal shedding or

11、 Abnormal shedding or accumulation of stratum accumulation of stratum corneum in perceptible corneum in perceptible flakes is called scaling.flakes is called scaling.鳞屑：鳞屑：脱落的表皮细胞及其它成分脱落的表皮细胞及其它成分第18页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二鳞屑：鳞屑：脱落的表皮细胞脱落的表皮细胞及其它成分及其它成分第19页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Erosion:Erosion:A erosion is a moist,A

12、 erosion is a moist,circumscribed,usually circumscribed,usually depressed lesion that depressed lesion that results from loss of all or a results from loss of all or a portion of the viable portion of the viable epidermis.epidermis.糜烂：糜烂：表皮的缺损，愈后不留疤痕。表皮的缺损，愈后不留疤痕。第20页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二糜烂：糜烂：表皮的缺损，浅表表皮的缺

13、损，浅表第21页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Ulcer:Ulcer:An ulcer is a depressed An ulcer is a depressed lesion in which the lesion in which the epidermis and at least the epidermis and at least the upper dermis have been upper dermis have been destroied.destroied.溃疡：溃疡：皮肤缺损达到真皮或真皮以下皮肤缺损达到真皮或真皮以下第22页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二溃疡：溃疡：皮肤

14、缺损达到真皮或真皮以下皮肤缺损达到真皮或真皮以下第23页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Atrophy:Atrophy:Atrophy refers to a Atrophy refers to a diminution in the size of a diminution in the size of a cell,tissue,organ or part cell,tissue,organ or part of the body.of the body.萎缩：萎缩：指机体某部分（包括皮肤）减少指机体某部分（包括皮肤）减少第24页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二萎缩：萎缩：指机体某部分（包括皮肤）

15、减少指机体某部分（包括皮肤）减少第25页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二Crusts:Crusts:Crusts are hardened Crusts are hardened deposits that result when deposits that result when serum,blood,or purulent serum,blood,or purulent exudate debris on the exudate debris on the skin surface,and they are skin surface,and they are characteristic o

16、f pyogenic characteristic of pyogenic infections.infections.结痂：结痂：创面上多种成分混合干燥物创面上多种成分混合干燥物第26页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二结痂：结痂：创面上多种成分创面上多种成分混合干燥物混合干燥物。第27页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二皮疹的描述皮疹的描述 专业术语专业术语位置：按照实际位置描述，屈侧，伸侧性质：原发疹，继发疹大小：以实物为参照:针头大，粟粒大，绿豆大，黄豆大，核桃大，鸡蛋大数目：单发，多发颜色：正常皮色，红色，黄色，黑色，蓝色，白色，棕色等分布：对称单侧；局限播散；沿神经血管分布排列：散在融合；孤立

17、群集；线状，环状，带状，不规则状第28页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二常用术语 自觉症状常用术语自觉症状常用术语：瘙痒、疼痛、水肿、肿胀、压痛、针刺样痛、烧灼感第29页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二皮肤检查规范化描述皮肤检查规范化描述红斑：水肿性红斑；白斑：色素减退斑、色素脱失斑；色素沉着斑 瘀点、瘀斑 丘疹：毛囊性丘疹、炎性丘疹、毛周角化性丘疹、粉刺第30页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二鳞屑：银白色鳞屑、糠秕状鳞屑、粘着性鳞屑、油腻性鳞屑 结痂：血痂、厚痂、蜜黄色痂瘢痕：萎缩性瘢痕、增生性瘢痕第31页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二 散在分布、密集分布、群集性分布、簇集性分布、对称分布、单侧分布、全身泛发、弥漫性、线状排列、带状排列、串珠状排列、沿血管分布、沿肋间神经分布、向心性分布、伸侧、屈侧、间擦部、皱折部、暴露部位、接触部位第32页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第33页，讲稿共33张，创作于星期二