神经症和癔症患者的护理精.ppt
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1、神经症和癔症患者的护理第1页,本讲稿共26页概述概述v定义:神经症又称神经官能症,是一组精定义:神经症又称神经官能症,是一组精神障碍的总称神障碍的总称v共同特征:共同特征:1.与心理社会因素有关与心理社会因素有关2.有一定的个性基础有一定的个性基础3.均不伴有器质性病变均不伴有器质性病变4.有自知力有自知力5.社会功能较完整社会功能较完整6.病程大多持续迁延病程大多持续迁延第2页,本讲稿共26页绪论其他其他恐恐惧惧症症焦焦虑症症躯躯体形式体形式障碍障碍强迫症强迫症Add Title神神经衰弱衰弱神经症分类(神经症分类(CCMD-)第3页,本讲稿共26页v焦虑症:焦虑症:广泛性焦虑广泛性焦虑(g
2、eneralized anxiety disorder)惊恐障碍惊恐障碍(panic disorder)v强迫症强迫症(obsessive-compulsive neurosis)v恐惧症恐惧症(phobia)场所恐惧症场所恐惧症(agoraphobia)社交恐惧症社交恐惧症(social phobia)单一恐惧症单一恐惧症(simple/specific phobia)第4页,本讲稿共26页DSM-Anxiety disorderPanic disorderGeneralized anxietydisorderObsessive-compulsivedisorderPhobias Agora
3、phobiaSocial phobiaSpecific phobia第5页,本讲稿共26页神神经症症发病情病情况况神经症神经症发病率发病率起病年龄起病年龄惊恐障碍惊恐障碍1-3.5%2030广泛性焦虑广泛性焦虑4-5%20场所恐惧症场所恐惧症2.8-5.3%20-40社交恐惧症社交恐惧症7.9-13%15-20强迫症强迫症2-2.5%25-30第6页,本讲稿共26页v广泛性焦虑广泛性焦虑1.精神焦虑精神焦虑 对未来可能发生的某种危对未来可能发生的某种危险经常担心,自知而无法自控,有大险经常担心,自知而无法自控,有大祸临头之感祸临头之感2.躯体焦虑躯体焦虑 搓手顿足、肌肉紧张、气搓手顿足、肌肉紧
4、张、气短、心悸、出汗、口干等短、心悸、出汗、口干等各型神经症的临床表现各型神经症的临床表现第7页,本讲稿共26页vLucy is a 49-year-old legal secretary.she comes to the clinic and tells the nurse,“it was probably foolish to come here.Nobody understand me.”she is shaky and diaphoretic(出汗的)(出汗的).Her only daughter is expecting her first child.Although the pr
5、egnancy is going well.Lucy worries that something is wrong with the baby.vLucy describes herself as tense and irritable.She has difficulty initiating sleep and cannot concentrate at work.She worries about making mistakes at work,about being fired from her position,and about the financial problems th
6、e could result.第8页,本讲稿共26页v惊恐障碍惊恐障碍v特点:无特殊的恐惧性处境,突然感到一种特点:无特殊的恐惧性处境,突然感到一种突如其来的惊恐体验,伴濒死感或失控感及突如其来的惊恐体验,伴濒死感或失控感及自主神经紊乱自主神经紊乱v起病急,终止快(起病急,终止快(5-20min),再发),再发各型神经症的临床表现各型神经症的临床表现第9页,本讲稿共26页vDora,a 30-year-old pharmacist,lives at home and cares for her mother.After her mothers death from heart disease,
7、Dora begins to experience tension,irritability,and sleep disturbance.On several occasions,Dora awakens gasping for breath.Her heart pounds,and she feels a tight sensation,like a band around her chest,her pulse typically increase to more than 110 beats per minute,and she experiences dizziness.She fea
8、rs that she is going to die.第10页,本讲稿共26页v强迫症强迫症v强迫观念,伴强迫行为强迫观念,伴强迫行为v自我强迫与反强迫并存自我强迫与反强迫并存v不确定、不安全感、不完美感不确定、不安全感、不完美感各型神经症的临床表现各型神经症的临床表现第11页,本讲稿共26页v场所恐惧症场所恐惧症e.g.Jim is a 28-year-old man.He once lived a very active life.Jims father,who had severe cardiovascular disease,died 2 years ago on his way t
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- 神经症 癔症 患者 护理
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