HDD结构、工作原理、不良分析及HandlingGuide介绍.pdf
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1、Page 1SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALSamsung HDDPage 2SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALContent:1.Basic HDD Understanding2.FA Decision Tree3.HDD HandlingPage 3SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALBasic HDD UnderstandingPage 4SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALMain Process Flowv 3.5Inch Main Process Flow(F1)Sub-AssySub-AssyTestTestHDA TestHDA TestOutgoingO
2、utgoingPCBA MatePCBA MateCleaningCleaningAIR-Showering-Clamp-Spacer-Damper(1D Only)DI-Water-HSA,Media-Cover,Base(MBA)-VCM,Damper-Label,Filter-ScrewsBottom VCM InstallASTWASTWServo Track Write-Ammonite STWC/R AreaC/R AreaBackend AreaBackend Area-Ref.STW Verification Function TestPCBA Mate-Pad Insulat
3、orServo CopyBurn-InHDD Final TestPackingPackingShippingOutgoing Inspection-OBA-ORTMain AssyMain AssyMedia,Spacer,Clamp Install in MBAHSA,VCM,FPC Install-Cover Screw Height Check-Imbalance testCover Install-Dynamic balancing test-HSA Height Check-Visual Inspection-Verify Drive Configuration-Label Ins
4、tallAcceptance TestPage 5SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALHDD OperationPage 6SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALv Flash Memory:Storage firmware to control HDDv DRAM:Buffer between host and HDD which have different data processing ratev CPU Chip:Adapts the date from the controller to the specific host system bus used by the com
5、puterv Read/Write Channel:Detects bits in analog signal from the head and converts them into digital formv Combo IC:qPosition System:Keeps the heads positioned over the data on the diskqSPM Control:Keeps the disk rotating and at the proper speedHDD ArchitecturePage 7SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALSpacer-diskAB
6、APCBARecirculation FilterCover assemblyClamp-diskVCMMBAHSAInsulator-PCBDiskDisk-DamperSolid GasketDamper PlateTop coverTop Yoke ASM Head Stack ASM Disk Clamp Spacer Bottom Yoke ASM Latch Insulator PCB Ramp Base-Motor ASM 3.5”2.5”1.8”HDD StructurePage 8SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALHead/Media InterfacingMediaH
7、eadRamp L/UL(Load/UnLoad)rampCSS(Contact Start Stop)data zone Head&Media Interface Flying HeightWriting/ReadingAir flow10nmHDIpage/43 Page 9SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALinput datadecodeduser dataEncoderHeaddiskwrite dataanalog read backDecoderDetectorWriting Process:User data Encoder Write data(current)Head
8、Disk Reading Process:Disk Head Detector Decoder User data Read&Write ProcessPage 10SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALMagnetization method in DiskNRZ:A direction of disk magnetization.NRZI:A transition or not(Voltage pulse or no pulse)11000111000010000101111N R Z IW R IT E N R ZM E D IAH E ADsignalcurrentThe top w
9、aveform shows how patterns are written to the disk.In the middle,a representation is shown of the way the media on the disk is magnetized into domains of opposite direction based on the polarity of the write current.The waveform on the bottom shows how the flux transitions on the disk translate into
10、 positive and negative voltage pulses when the disk is read.Read&Write ProcessPage 11SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALso ft corecw ritereadshieldM Relem e ntm ed iawhen HHc.inductive write processHVHbV=IR R is dependant on H R=cos2(H),V(H)=IR(H)MR element should be biased to HbWriting/Reading in Head SidePage 12
11、SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALq Write:Writing record bit on the media magnetic layer.q Read:(G)MR sensor readsmagnetization bit transition.q Magneto-resistance:The phenomenon of resistancechanges by magnetic transition.q The basic MR head mechanism isbased on Ohms law;V=I RIllustration of magnetic recording p
12、rocessMagnetic Recording Head(MR/GMR)Magnetic Write/Read ConceptPage 13SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIAL1.Magnetization2.Magneto-ResistiveMagnetic Write/Read ConceptPage 14SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALGeneral concepts behind the operation of an internal hard disk cacheTo support the sheer difference in the speeds of the
13、HDD and InterfaceCache speed over 100times faster than data finding/reading from plattersFIFO data fetch method Write/Read Cache ConceptPage 15SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALWhat Is Servo?What Is Servo?What Is Servo?v Feedback control system whose output is a MECHANICAL quantity such as position,velocity,or ac
14、celerationv What Does HDD Servo Do?a.Seeking to target trackb.Staying on(or following)the trackServo-DefinitionPage 16SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALq Dedicated servo design One platter surface only contains servo information Data is written to other plattersq Embedded servo design All platter surfaces contain
15、 servo information and data Servo information is interspersed per each trackServo Design ConceptPage 17SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIAL SPM Control:Keeps the disk rotating and at the proper speed.SPM Control:Keeps the disk rotating and at the proper speed.Position system:Keeps the heads positioned on the R/W tr
16、ack.Position system:Keeps the heads positioned on the R/W track.Track:A strip of data written on a disk.Track:A strip of data written on a disk.Track density:The number of tracks per inch(unit:Track density:The number of tracks per inch(unit:tpitpi)Track width&Track pitch:width narrower than pitch T
17、rack width&Track pitch:width narrower than pitch(typically 80%,i(typically 80%,include guard band)nclude guard band)Crash stops:Limit the travel so that the heads do not come ofCrash stops:Limit the travel so that the heads do not come off the diskf the diskor hit the hub.or hit the hub.Disk area:La
18、nding zone(=parking):inner guard band:data zoDisk area:Landing zone(=parking):inner guard band:data zone:ne:outer guard band.outer guard band.Servo Key TermsPage 18SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIAL Retract:The position system seek to the landing zone at the evRetract:The position system seek to the landing zone
19、at the eventent(power fail/(power fail/cmdcmd)Actuator Lock:With no power,something must hold the actuatorActuator Lock:With no power,something must hold the actuatorin the land zone.in the land zone.Position transducer=Servo:Special magnetic patterns writtenPosition transducer=Servo:Special magneti
20、c patterns written during during manufacturingmanufacturing-used by the position systems to determine location of the Head used by the position systems to determine location of the Head.Sample period(=1/sample rate):index time/servo sectors perSample period(=1/sample rate):index time/servo sectors p
21、er track track Seek time:The time it takes r/w head to move to specific dataSeek time:The time it takes r/w head to move to specific data track.track.The classThe class:One track/1/3 track/full track/:One track/1/3 track/full track/avgavg track seek time.track seek time.The modeThe mode:Acceleration
22、:Acceleration-Coast Coast-Deceleration Deceleration-Settle Settle TMR(Track TMR(Track MisregistrationMisregistration):):-write to read TMR/write to read TMR/-write to write TMRwrite to write TMRServo Key TermsPage 19SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALFA Decision TreePage 20SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALVisual failNot detect
23、ionLow performanceNTF/CNDVisual inspectionFlash ROM&Ready CheckError CheckVisual O.K.Ready O.K.No ErrorVisual FailReady FailError DetectFA Flow ChartHDD errorBack Back NextNextPage 21SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALVisual inspectionGet failed HDDGet failed HDDVisual inspectionDefine kinds of defect Define kinds
24、 of defect HDA visual defectHDA visual defectPCBA visual defectPCBA visual defectVisual inspectionVisual inspectionVisual FailPage 22SAMSUNG CONFIDENTIALNot detection errorQST TESTN/R dependantN/R dependantHeadHeadPassFailSpin up checkPassHOD checkX-rayPassFailN/R N/R dependantdependant HDAHDAPCBA S
25、wapN/R dependant PCBAN/R dependant PCBAHDA dependantPCBA dependantMC CheckN/R dependantN/R dependantMC ErrorMC ErrorNo ErrorErrorGet failed HDDGet failed HDDPCBA SwapPCBA dependantHDA dependantN/R N/R dependant PCBAdependant PCBAN/R dependantN/R dependantHDAHDANot detection error Not detection error
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