主将从现63482.pdf

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1、主将从现情况小结主将从现问题是中考考点之一。它是指在时间状语从主将从现问题是中考考点之一。它是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。常见的有以下三种情用一般现在时替代一般将来时。常见的有以下三种情况况:一、条件状语从句、时间状语从句的主句是一般将来一、条件状语从句、时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时时，那么从句常常用一般现在时.如：如：WhenWhen I grow up I grow up，Ill be a nurse and lookIll be a nurse and l

2、ookafter patientsafter patients。我长大后要当一名护士我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人照顾病人.If If tomorrow is rainy tomorrow is rainy，we wont go.we wont go.二、如果主句是祈使句二、如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在那么从句通常要用一般现在时。时。如如:Dont laugh at me when I make a mistake.:Dont laugh at me when I make a mistake.我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现

3、在时，根据需三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。要从句多用一般现在时。如如:You:You shouldshould bebe quietquiet whenwhen youyou areare inin thethereading room.reading room.在阅览室时应保持安静。在阅览室时应保持安静。四、四、as soon asas soon asAs soon as she gets hereAs soon as she gets here，IllIll tell her about it tell her about it。五五UnlessUnl

4、essI will not go there unless I am free thatI will not go there unless I am free thatday.day.六、六、untiluntilI wonI won t go out until the rain stops.t go out until the rain stops.练习 单项选择（中考题）：1 If he _ harder,he will catch up with us soon.1 If he _ harder,he will catch up with us soon.（0404北京）北京）A st

5、udy B studies C will study D studiedA study B studies C will study D studied2 I will go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.2 I will go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.（0404哈尔滨）哈尔滨）A will be B shall be C am D wasA will be B shall be C am D was3 If you _ a chance to study in a foreign count

6、ry3 If you _ a chance to study in a foreign country，just take it.just take it.（0404 苏州苏州)A getting B had got C will get D getA getting B had got C will get D get4 Dont leave until he _ back4 Dont leave until he _ back。（)A have come B comes C will come D cameA have come B comes C will come D came5 5“

7、ShallShall wewe havehave thethe volleyballvolleyball matchmatch tomorrow?”tomorrow?”“Oh,it will be put off if it _“Oh,it will be put off if it _。（0404 黄冈黄冈)A snows B is snowing C snowed D will snowA snows B is snowing C snowed D will snow6 6 Tell him about the news when he _Tell him about the news w

8、hen he _，JohnJohn。YesYes，I willI will。（0404 宁波）宁波）A comes B will come C would D is comingA comes B will come C would D is coming7 Tomorrow we will go to the city park_ it is sunny.7 Tomorrow we will go to the city park_ it is sunny.（0505 安徽）安徽）A as soon as B when C if D asA as soon as B when C if D

9、as8 Please dont leave until your teacher _back8 Please dont leave until your teacher _back。(05(05 河河南）南）A will come B came C comes D is comingA will come B came C comes D is coming9 9 I I wantwant toto knowknow if if therethere _a_a sportssports meetingmeeting nextnextmonthmonth。If they _ it,I must

10、get ready for it.If they _ it,I must get ready for it.（0505 青青岛）岛）A is,will hold B will be,hold C will beA is,will hold B will be,hold C will be，will holdwill holdD will haveD will have，holdhold1010 MaryMary，whatwhataboutaboutgoinggoingboatingboatingif ifit it_tomorrow._tomorrow.Good ideaGood idea。（

11、)A not rain B will rain C doesnt rain D wont rainA not rain B will rain C doesnt rain D wont rain参考答案:1-5BCDBA 6-10 ACCBCas soon as“一就”,常用“主将从现”句式中if 在英语中两种意思一种是假如，用主将从现,比如If tomorrow is rainy，we wont go。主句用一般现在时表示将来，从句用一般将来时。另一种是是否，比如I dont know if he will come.这里的 if 用来连接一个从句,用将来时态，如果主句是一般现在时，if 后

12、的就用一般将来时。如果主句是一般过去时，if 后用过去将来时，即 would do。所以并非有 if 都是主将从现，要注意区别它在句中的含义。用 unless 引导条件状语从句时,要注意这个连词自身在意义上是否定的：unless=if not 。因此,我们在逻辑上要注意：英文句子的用法和中文句子的译文。特别是当主句是否定句时，逻辑上的意思就成了“否定之否定而表示肯定的情况了。如：I will not go there unlessI am free that day。If he comes tomorrow,you will see him。如果他明天来,你就可以看见他。（if 引导的条件状语

13、从句，其结构为：if+状语从句，主句）。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”，即主句是将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。.初中英语八种时态归纳复习 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always，usually,often，sometimes，every week(day,year，month)，once a week，on Sundays，etc。基本结构：be 动词；行为动词 否定形式：am/is/are+not；此时态

14、的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:把 be 动词放于句首；用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week(year，night，month）,in1989，just now，at the age of 5,one day,long long ago，once upon a time,etc。基本

15、结构：be 动词；行为动词 否定形式：was/were+not；在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；用助动词do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词.三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc。基本结构:am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing。一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首.四、过去进行时:概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语:at this time yesterd

16、ay，at that time或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing 否定形式：was/were+not+doing。一般疑问句：把was 或 were 放于句首。五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently,lately,sincefor,in the past few years，etc。基本结构：have/has+done 否定形式：have/has+not+d one.一般疑问句：have 或 has。六、过去完成时：概念:以过去某个时间

17、为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before，by the end of last year(term，month）,etc。基本结构：had+done。否定形式:had+not+done。一般疑问句：had 放于句首。七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month，year),soon,ina few minutes,by,the day after tomorrow,etc。基本结构：am/is/are/goingto+do；will

18、/shall+do.否定形式:was/were+not；在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：be 放于句首；will/shall 提到句首.八、过去将来时：概念:立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the nextday（morning，year),the following month（week),etc.基本结构：was/were/going to+do；would/should+do.否定形式：was/were/not+going to+do；would/should+not+do。一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；would/sh

19、ould 提到句首。几种常见时态的相互转换 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式:瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思,主句一般用 it is 来代替 It has been；瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since+一般过去时”的句型中。请看

20、:A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the Leaguefor two years。C.It is two years since he joined the League。D。Two years haspassed since he joined the League。二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换 在一般现在时中，at 加上名词表示“处于某种状态，如 at work（在工作），at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：Peter is at work，but Mike is at play.

21、Peteris working，but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换 在现在进行时态中 go，come,leave，start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming,Mum！意为“我就来，妈妈！请看：The train is leavingsoon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，

22、当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词 shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用 will.请看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shallvisit the Great Wall next Sunday.五、找关键词来确定时态。在考试中，出题教师通常会给出“信号”，使考生可以准确判断该选什么时态,这些“信号就是得分的源泉。(一）看到usually，always,often,sometimes 等频度副词，通常为一般现在时。（二）看到every 组成的词组，如 every day，every year,通常为一般现在时。（三）看到n

23、ext组成的词组，注意前面无“the”可确定为将来时.（四）看到 soon,tomorrow,in+时间可确定为将来时。（五）看到now,these days,Look！Listen!通常为现在进行时。（六）看到 yesterday,ago,last词组，just now，in 1980 等可确定为一般过去时。(七)看到 this time yesterday，at that time,just then 时通常为过去进行时.（八）看到 already，yet,ever，for，since,just,可断定为现在完成时。（九）看到 by the end of+过去时间，一定是过去完成时。（十）

24、看到 if,as soon as，when引导的状语从句，注意“主将从现”。（十一）看到 since,前面为现在完成时，后面为一般过去时。(十二)看到 when,while 时，持续性动词用进行时，瞬间动作用一般过去时。III.被动语态动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。构成方式:被动语态由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词（p。p。)构成。助动词有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为系动词时完全一样。现将不同时态的被动语态结构列表如下：现在过去将来 一般时态am（is，are)+p.p.was（were）

25、+p。p.will（shall)be+p。p。现在时态am（is,are）+being+p.p。was(were)+being+p。p.无完成时态have(has)been+p.p。had been+p。p。will（shall)have been+p。p.其它结构：A。含情态动词的被动语态结构一般为：情态动词+be+p。p。B.有些动词可以带有双宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面，称为“保留宾语;也可以把直接宾语变为主语，这时可根据动词词义在间接宾语前增加介词to 或 for。C.有复合宾语的句子的被动语态：主动句中的宾补如果是不带to 的

26、不定式时，变成被动句后，成为主补的不定式必须带 to,常见跟不带 to 的复合宾语的动词有see,feel，hear，make 等。D.短语动词的被动语态：及物的短语动词变为被动语态时，要注意保持短语动词的整体性,不可丢掉其后的介词或副词,这类常见的短语动词有：look for,look after,take care of等。E。几种特殊结构：a.It is said that。.。“据说”；It is well known that.“众所周知”.用来表示客观说明。b.be worth+ving“值得”，其中 v-ing 是主动形式表示被动意义.初三上学期复习（一）（)1。There _

27、no hospitals in myhometown fifty years ago。A.isB.areC。wasD。were(）2.-Who sings best in your class？-Jenny _.A.doB。didC.doesD.has done（)3.-_ the young girl_ the old man clean his room every day？-Yes,she does。A.Does；helpB.Has;helpedC.Did;helpD.Do；helps()4。-CanI go to Beijing for my holiday,Dad?-You can

28、when you _ a bitolder.A.will getB.getC。are gettingD.got（）5.Whatdoes Linda often do in the evening？-She often _ her homework,but on the evening of March 12 she _ TV。A。does；watches B。is doing；watched C.does；watchedD。is doing；was watching()6.Ourgeography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _ aroun

29、d thesun.A。was movingB。movedC。has movedD.moves(）7.Ifhe _harder,he will catch up with us soon.A。studyB。studiesC.will studyD.studied()8。-Dont forget to ask him towrite to me.-I wont。As soon as he _,Ill ask him to write toyou.A。will comeB。cameC。comesD。is coming（）9。-Do you like this silk dress？-Yes,I do

30、.It _ so soft andcomfortable.A.is feeling B.feels C。has feltD。is felt（）10。Oh,its you.Im sorry I _ know you _ here。A.dont；areB。didnt；are C。didnt;wereD.dont；were（）11。Mr Lu Xun died in 1936.He _ a lot of famous novels。A。wroteB。was writingC。haswrittenD。would write（）12。-Your telephone number again？I _qui

31、te catch it。-Its 2567321.A.cantB.couldntC。dontD.didnt(）13。How was your weekend on the farm?-Great！We_ with the farmers。A。enjoy ourselves B。went fishing C.will workD.make friends（）14.-What did Mr Jones do before he movedhere？-He _ a city bus for over twenty five years。A.isdrivingB。droveC。has drivenD.

32、drives（）15.Jane _a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.A。buysB.isbuyingC.boughtD。will buy()16.-Liu Mei cant cometonight.Why?But she _ me she would come。A。tellsB.toldC.is toldD.had told（）17。He turned off the light and then_.A。leavesB。has leftC。will leaveD.left（）18。-Keep quiet，please。They _

33、 a meeting。-Sorry。A。haveB.hadC.are havingD。have had()19。-Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.-Really?Where _ he_?A.has；goneB.will;goC。did;goD。would；go()20.Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ freetomorrow.A。will come;will be B.comes;is C。will come;isD.comes;will be(）21。There _ a talk on science in our scho

34、ol nextMonday。A.will giveB。will beC.is going to giveD。is（）22.-Shall we go shopping now?-Sorry,I cant.I _ myshirts。A.washB.washesC.washedD.am washing（)23.-Hurry up!Were all waiting for you。-I _ for animportant phone call。Go without me.A.waitB。was waitingC.am waitingD.waited（）24.-Did you see Tom at th

35、e party?-No，he _ by the time I got there.A。had leftB.was leavingC.leftD.has left（）25.-Is this raincoat yours？-No，mine_ there behind the door。A.has hungB。is hangingC。hungD.will hang（）26.-_ you _ TV at themoment?-No,you can turn it off.A.Did;watch B.Are；watchingC。Do；watchD。Have；watched(）27.I dont thin

36、k Jimsaw me;he _ a book at that moment。A.just readB.has justread C.was just readingD.had just read（）28.Mr Smith _a book aboutChina last year but I dont know whether he has finished it.A.haswrittenB。wroteC.had writtenD。was writing(）29.-Icalled you at seven yesterday evening,but there was no answer。-O

37、h，I am sorry.I _ dinner at my friends home。A。am havingB.hadC.was havingD.have had(）30。-Do you know MissWang？-Yes。I first met her two years ago。She _ at a radioshop at that time。A.was workingB.has workedC。is workingD.had worked()31。Mr White _ the newspaper，while his daughter_TV.A。read;was watchingB。w

38、as reading；watchedC。was reading;was watchingD。read；watched（）32。-I _ you at the meeting。Why？-I was ill。A。sawB。have seenC.not seeD.didnt see(）33。When theteacher came in,the students _ about the new film.A。aretalkingB。were talkingC.talkedD。talks（)34。The 2004 AthensOlympic Games _ on August 13.A。has beg

39、unB。lastedC。beganD.has lasted（)35.Hurry up！The play _ for tenminutes。A。has been onB.has begun C。had begunD。began（)36。-May I speak to Mr Smith？-Sorry,he _ Australia.But he _ in two days.A.has been to;will come backB.has goneto;will be backC.has been in;would come backD.is leaving for；doesnt come back

40、（)37.I cant go to see the film tonight,because I _my ticket.A。have lostB.lostC.will loseD。was losing(）38.-What do you think of the film Harry Potter?-It is very nice.I _it twice。A。will seeB。have seenC.sawD.see(）39。We_to learn English five years ago。We _ it for five years up tonow。A.began;learnedB.be

41、gin；have learnedC。have begun；had learnedD.began；have learned(）40。-What a nice bike!Howlong _ you _ it？-Just two weeks。A。have;bought B。did；buyC.have;hadD。are；having（）41.You donthave to describe her。I _ her several times.A。had metB。have metC。metD.meet(）42。-Im sorry to have kept youwaiting。-Oh,not at a

42、ll。I _ here only a few minutes.A。have comeB.had beenC.wasD.have been()43.-_ mydictionary anywhere?-Yes.I saw it on your desk a moment ago。A。Have you seenB.Do you see C。Had you seenD.Would you see（)44。-I havent heard from Li Jun for a long time.-What do you think _ tohim？A。was happeningB.to happenC.h

43、as happenedD。hadhappened()45。-Do you know our town at all?No，this is the firsttime I _ here。A.wasB。have beenC.cameD。amcoming(）46.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _office soon。A。leavesB.would leaveC.will leaveD.had left（）47.-How long _ your father _ the Party?For more thantwenty ye

44、ars.A.has;joinedB.did；joinC。has;been inD.does;join（）48。Mrs Smith _ her keys in the office so she had to wait untilher husband _ home.A。has left；comes B。left；had come C.had left;would come D。had left；came(）49.-Do you know Betty verywell?-Yes,she and I _ friends since we met in Guangzhou lastsummer.A.

45、have made B.have becomeC.have been D.have turned（）50.-What did your son say in the letter？-He told me that he_ the Disney World the next day。A.would visit B。has visit C.isgoing to visit D.will visit（）50.-What did your son say in theletter?-He told me that he _ the Disney World the nextday.A。would vi

46、sitB。has visitC.is going to visit D.will visit（)51.-The letter _ in Japanese。Can you read it to me？-Withpleasure。A.writesB。wroteC.is writingD.is written（）52.-This kind of rice tastes nice.Do you know where it is grown？-Yes，it _ in Southeast China。A。was grewB。has grownC.is grownD.is growing(）53.In so

47、me parts of the world,tea _ withmilk and sugar.A。is servingB.is servedC。servesD.served(）54。-Did you win the basketball game?-Bad luck。Our team _in the final one.A。wonB.beatC.was wonD。wasbeaten()55。This painting _ to a museum in New York in1977.A。sellsB。soldC。was soldD。is sold()56。Thetelevision _。It

48、doesnt work now.A.must repair B.wasrepairingC。must be repairedD.has repaired()57。I believe that thosemountains _ with trees in a few years time.A。are covered B。willbe coveredC.are coveringD。will cover(）58.-Do you think that theclassroom _ every day？-Yes，I think so.A.should cleanB。should be cleaning

49、C。should cleanedD。should be cleaned(）59.I like mynew bike.It _ very well.A.ridesB。is ridingC。isriddenD.has ridden（)60。-Do you think this kind of apple _well?-No，I dont think so.A.have soldB.sellsC。aresoldD。would sell（)61.It is said that about 400 cars _ in thefactory next month。A.were produced B。wil

50、l produceC。areproducedD。will be produced()62。I wasnt at home yesterday。I_ to help with the harvest on the farm.A.askedB。wasaskedC.was askingD。had asked()63。-Are you free thisafternoon?No.Ill have an English composition _ thisafternoon.A。to writeB.wrote C。to be writingD.to bewritten()64。How sweet the