中西方商务礼仪(英文).pdf

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1、Different Business Etiquette between China and theDifferent Business Etiquette between China and theWestWestI.IntroductionI.IntroductionBusiness etiquette is a kind of civilization accumulation of human being.Itbecomes fixed during the business communication,being handed down fromgeneration to gener

2、ation.It is also a kind of standard behavior observed by thebusinessmen in their communication.Different countries have different culturetraditions,so their business etiquette is also different from one another.There aregreat cultural differences between the cultural cores of Confucian in China and

3、thecores of Christian in the West,which leads to some differences in the businessetiquette between China and West.II.II.TheThe InfluenceInfluence ofof CulturalCultural DifferencesDifferences onon BusinessBusiness EtiquetteEtiquetteDifferences Between China and the WestDifferences Between China and t

4、he WestGenerally speaking,the differences on business etiquette between China and theWest are influenced by several cultural factors,such as values,view of time,view ofspace,view of diet,verbal habits and nonverbal.The paper mainly focuses on timeand space approach.2.1 From the approach of time2.1 F

5、rom the approach of timeThoreau once said,“If a man does not keep pace with his companions,perhaps itis because he hears a different drummer.”Now,we use the phrase“the beat of adifferent drummer”to explain any different pace of life.The attitudestoward timevary from culture to culture.And it is unde

6、rstandable that people of different cultureshold different views toward time.When it comes to international business,the viewof time can be divided into two types,such asmonochromic time and polychromictime.Countries that follow monochromic time perform only one major activity at atime,whilecountrie

7、sobeyingpolychromictimeperformseveralactivitiessimultaneously.(Jeanette S.113)The United States is a monochromic culture.In monochromic culture,time isregarded as something tangible.Time is seen as linear and manageable.Therefore,people concentrate on the task at hand,taking time commitments serious

8、ly and beingaccustomed to short-term relationships.For example,in the West,time is a kind ofprecious and limited resource.The business people attend the business meeting ontime.If someone was late,he would be considered to be lack of honesty.And the U.S.business people always expect to solve their b

9、usiness problems within twenty tothirty minutes.In monochromic cultures,it is considered a rude to do two things atonce,such as reading a journal in a meeting or answering the telephone whilesomeone is in your office.Schedules and keeping appointments are consistentwithvalue of people in monochromic

10、 cultures.Chinese people are typical example of polychromic cultures.Chinese people arewell adapted to doing several things at once and do not mind interruptions.In theiropinion,people are more important than schedules to members of polychromiccultures.Their lifestyle is less organized than that of

11、monochromic people.In theireyes time is just like a circle that does not have the end.So Chinese people are highlydistracted and subject to interruptions.They consider time to be casual and flexible.For example,to most Chinese today,time simply flows from one day to the next.If ajob is not done toda

12、y,maybe it will be done the next day or the next.And the businessmeeting would generally last for several hours.Compared with the Westerners,few Chinese equate time with money.Whenforeign businessmen arrive in China,most Chinese will make them settle down inhotels and give them an opportunity to res

13、t up.Because Chinese do not expect themto immediately rush into business.However,generally this arrangement will bepolitely but firmly rejected by visitors.When Chinese are involved in internationalbusiness,they will get familiar with the Western concept“time is money”.But they donot automatically r

14、elate it to the pace of business.Besides,Chinese do not pay much attention to the appointment.Sometimes evenif there is an appointment,the Chinese would not stick to it seriously.When people ofdifferent cultures interact,misunderstandings often arise as a result of different timeview.For instance,in

15、 the Western countries,the business contact would bepre-arranged within three to four weeks.Business people pre-arrange the businesscontact at least two weeks in America.The appointment is holy to Americans.In thebusiness communication,if someone asks to have a business contact at the lastminute,he

16、will be considered to make trouble or insult the others.On the contrary,the Chinese people pay more attention to relationship.In their business activity,ifthere is an important person need to be contacted,they could cancel the primaryappointment to meet him.It is unacceptable to American business pe

17、ople.Thisexample shows the cultural differences in time sense between China and the West.And it becomes increasingly important as modern business communications put moreand more businessmen in daily contact.If we are to avoid misunderstanding,we needto know better about our own cultural biases and t

18、hose of others.(Wen Yaoqing,127)2.2 From the approach of spaceSpace,is the physical distance between people when they are interacting.It isdeeply influenced by culture.When people are having a conversation,the distancebetween them changes dramatically from one culture to another.Generally speaking,t

19、here are four zones when U.S.people interact:the intimatezone,the personal zone,the social zone,and the public zone.The intimate zone,lessthan 0.46 meters,is reserved for a close friend.And it appears briefly when thebusiness colleagues shake hands.The personal zone,from 0.46 meters to 1.2 meters,is

20、 used for giving instructions to someone in an office.The social zone,from 1.2 to3.6 meters,is used for impersonal and formal business meeting.The public distance,over 3.6 meters,is the most formal zone.(Lillian H.83)Americans tend to need more spaces than Chinese.When having a conversationwith Chin

21、ese,Americans will back away for the Chinese partner is standing too close.Standing too close to someone in the United States may leave a bad impression on theothers,as it implies the person is upset,overbearing,or he is making sexual advances.These negative positions should be avoided in the United

22、 States.In China,peopleprefer to stand close to each other and they think it is a normal and friendly way tocommunicate with each other.Besides,the arrangement of desks,chairs,and conference table also feature thedifferent styles of communication.When the United States people are conversing,they pre

23、fer the face-to-face arrangement of chairs whereas the Chinese preferside-by-side arrangement.They like this arrangement because they could avoid directeye contact through it.IVIV.Conclusion.ConclusionWith the globalization of the world economy,organizations are culturally diversein handling all kin

24、ds of business activities,especially multinational cooperation.More and more business people have become aware of the strong impact from culture.And they should have a good understanding of the other business etiquette culturebeforehand,which is beneficial for both sides of the business people.Only

25、in thisway will it be possible for them to expand their business and make it moreprosperous.ReferencesReferencesDuDu,Li.(2004).Comparison of Wine Culture between China and the West.CulinaryCulinaryScience Journal of Yangzhou UniversityScience Journal of Yangzhou University,(l):l-4.Jeanette SJeanette

26、 S.,Martin.Global Business EtiquetteGlobal Business Etiquette.Westport,CT:Praeger,2006.Lillian HLillian H.,Chaney.Intercultural Business CommunicationIntercultural Business Communication.Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice Hall,2004.WenWen,Yaoqing.“ComparisonComparisonanalysisanalysisofofmultinationalmultinationalbusinessbusinesscultureculture”.International business research，4（2001）：p121-30