2023届高三英语书面表达“句子成分”梳理 定语 课件（16张ppt）.pptx

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1、书面表达书面表达“句子成分句子成分”梳理梳理定定 语语 定语是用来修饰名词和代词的成分。定语分为定语是用来修饰名词和代词的成分。定语分为定语是用来修饰名词和代词的成分。定语分为定语是用来修饰名词和代词的成分。定语分为前置定前置定前置定前置定语语语语（位于名词或代词之前）和（位于名词或代词之前）和（位于名词或代词之前）和（位于名词或代词之前）和后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语（位于名词或代（位于名词或代（位于名词或代（位于名词或代词之后）。词之后）。词之后）。词之后）。一、形容词作定语一、形容词作定语一、形容词作定语一、形容词作定语1.China is a _(1.China is a _(社会

2、主义社会主义社会主义社会主义)country.)country.2.Chinese is my _(2.Chinese is my _(母语母语母语母语).).3.Is there _(3.Is there _(别人别人别人别人)in the room?)in the room?4.There is _(4.There is _(没有重要事情没有重要事情没有重要事情没有重要事情)to do today.)to do today.5.I have _(5.I have _(足够的钱足够的钱足够的钱足够的钱)to buy )to buy a a color TV.color TV.6.He is

3、_(6.He is _(够大够大够大够大)to join the army.)to join the army.7.The red wolf is_(7.The red wolf is_(濒危物种濒危物种濒危物种濒危物种).).socialistnative languageanyone elsenothing importantnothing importantenough money/money enoughenough money/money enoughold enoughan endangered species8.We are now building_.8.We are now

4、building_.(一座一座一座一座800800米长的桥米长的桥米长的桥米长的桥)9.Tom has asked for a_(9.Tom has asked for a_(三天的病假三天的病假三天的病假三天的病假).).10.10.我们每天都练习英语日常用语。我们每天都练习英语日常用语。我们每天都练习英语日常用语。我们每天都练习英语日常用语。We practice _ English _.We practice _ English _.11.11.我叔叔住在一个遥远的村庄，而且他住得离我们很远。我叔叔住在一个遥远的村庄，而且他住得离我们很远。我叔叔住在一个遥远的村庄，而且他住得离我们很远。

5、我叔叔住在一个遥远的村庄，而且他住得离我们很远。My uncle lives in a _village.Besides he lives My uncle lives in a _village.Besides he lives _from my us._from my us.12.12.今天旷课的学生是谁？今天旷课的学生是谁？今天旷课的学生是谁？今天旷课的学生是谁？Who is the student _ today?Who is the student _ today?13.13.你认识昨天到会的那个女士吗？你认识昨天到会的那个女士吗？你认识昨天到会的那个女士吗？你认识昨天到会的那个女士

6、吗？Do you know the lady_ Do you know the lady_ yesterday?yesterday?an 800-meter-long bridge3-day sick leaveeverydayevery dayfarawayfar awayabsent from classpresent at the meeting14.14.你去过峨眉山或者类似的山吗？你去过峨眉山或者类似的山吗？你去过峨眉山或者类似的山吗？你去过峨眉山或者类似的山吗？Have you been to Mount Emei or some other Have you been to Mo

7、unt Emei or some other _?_?15.15.当时我们仅靠我父亲一人的工资过活。当时我们仅靠我父亲一人的工资过活。当时我们仅靠我父亲一人的工资过活。当时我们仅靠我父亲一人的工资过活。At that time we lived on my fathers_.At that time we lived on my fathers_.16.16.经理要求我写一篇经理要求我写一篇经理要求我写一篇经理要求我写一篇10001000字的报告。字的报告。字的报告。字的报告。The manager asked me to write a_ report.The manager asked m

8、e to write a_ report.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)用作前置定语的必须是单个的词（复合形容词作前置定用作前置定语的必须是单个的词（复合形容词作前置定用作前置定语的必须是单个的词（复合形容词作前置定用作前置定语的必须是单个的词（复合形容词作前置定语必须用语必须用语必须用语必须用“-”“-”连接），词组和句子作定语只能后置。连接），词组和句子作定语只能后置。连接），词组和句子作定语只能后置。连接），词组和句子作定语只能后置。(2)(2)形容词作定语修饰不定代词形容词作定语修饰不定代词形容词作定语修饰不定代词形容词作定语修饰不定代词something/any

9、thing/something/anything/nothing/everything/someone/anyone/no onenothing/everything/someone/anyone/no one等，只能后置。等，只能后置。等，只能后置。等，只能后置。mountains alikesalary alone100-word (3)(3)enoughenough修饰形容词和副词只能后置；修饰形容词和副词只能后置；修饰形容词和副词只能后置；修饰形容词和副词只能后置；enoughenough作定语修作定语修作定语修作定语修饰名词时，在含义为饰名词时，在含义为饰名词时，在含义为饰名词时，在

10、含义为“有有有有”的句型中，可以前置也可以后置，的句型中，可以前置也可以后置，的句型中，可以前置也可以后置，的句型中，可以前置也可以后置，否则只能前置否则只能前置否则只能前置否则只能前置。(4)(4)形容词形容词形容词形容词alone,absent,alike,awake,afraid,alive,asleep,alone,absent,alike,awake,afraid,alive,asleep,present(present(到场的）作定语时只能后置，又如：到场的）作定语时只能后置，又如：到场的）作定语时只能后置，又如：到场的）作定语时只能后置，又如：He ran out like _.

11、(He ran out like _.(被吓倒的人被吓倒的人被吓倒的人被吓倒的人)Who is the greatest poet _?(Who is the greatest poet _?(当今当今当今当今)Jack is the only boy_.(Jack is the only boy_.(醒着的醒着的醒着的醒着的)二、小品副词作定语二、小品副词作定语二、小品副词作定语二、小品副词作定语1.Please write to me according to_ 1.Please write to me according to_ (下面的地址下面的地址下面的地址下面的地址).).2.I

12、met Tom _(2.I met Tom _(在我回家途中在我回家途中在我回家途中在我回家途中).).3._(3._(那儿的那个人那儿的那个人那儿的那个人那儿的那个人)is waiting for you.)is waiting for you.4._(4._(前面的那个女孩前面的那个女孩前面的那个女孩前面的那个女孩)is my cousin.)is my cousin.a man afradaliveawakethe address belowon my way homeThe man thereThe girl ahead5._(5._(今日中国今日中国今日中国今日中国)is no lo

13、nger the China of the )is no longer the China of the past.past.6.He works in a _(6.He works in a _(附近附近附近附近 的工厂的工厂的工厂的工厂).).7.Please write to me according to the_ 7.Please write to me according to the_ _(_(上面的地址上面的地址上面的地址上面的地址).).8.Mary lives in a _.(8.Mary lives in a _.(楼下的屋子楼下的屋子楼下的屋子楼下的屋子)9._(9._

14、(户外活动户外活动户外活动户外活动)are good for our health.are good for our health.10.The_(10.The_(户内设施户内设施户内设施户内设施)of this building are very modern.of this building are very modern.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)带带带带-ly-ly的副词不能作定语。的副词不能作定语。的副词不能作定语。的副词不能作定语。(2)(2)小品副词作定语只能后置。小品副词作定语只能后置。小品副词作定语只能后置。小品副词作定语只能后置。(3)(3)nea

15、rby/abovenearby/above作定语既可前置又可后置。作定语既可前置又可后置。作定语既可前置又可后置。作定语既可前置又可后置。China todaynearby factory/factory nearbyabove address/address aboveroom downstairsOutdoor activities/Activities outdoorsindoor facilities/facilities indoors三、名词作定语三、名词作定语三、名词作定语三、名词作定语1.He works in a _(1.He works in a _(汽车厂汽车厂汽车厂汽车

16、厂).).2.Can you tell me the _(2.Can you tell me the _(房间的号码房间的号码房间的号码房间的号码)for)for the lecture?the lecture?3.Its _(3.Its _(十分钟的步行路程十分钟的步行路程十分钟的步行路程十分钟的步行路程)from my)from my home to my school.home to my school.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)表示表示表示表示材料和类属材料和类属材料和类属材料和类属的名词作定语，的名词作定语，的名词作定语，的名词作定语，作定语的名词不用复数作

17、定语的名词不用复数作定语的名词不用复数作定语的名词不用复数和所有格和所有格和所有格和所有格。book store()stones bridge()coffee cup()book store()stones bridge()coffee cup()paper money()shoes factory ()clothes factory()paper money()shoes factory ()clothes factory()glass shop()glasses shop()cloth factory()glass shop()glasses shop()cloth factory()(2

18、)(2)时间名词作定语，要用所有格形式，又如：时间名词作定语，要用所有格形式，又如：时间名词作定语，要用所有格形式，又如：时间名词作定语，要用所有格形式，又如：Its _(10 Its _(10分钟的乘车路程分钟的乘车路程分钟的乘车路程分钟的乘车路程)from here)from here to the station.to the station.car factoryroom number10 minutes walk10 minutes ride四、代词作定语四、代词作定语四、代词作定语四、代词作定语1._(1._(他们的他们的他们的他们的)invention won the natio

19、nal prize.)invention won the national prize.2.In _(2.In _(那些那些那些那些)days Chinese women)days Chinese women were were looked looked down upon and suffered a great deal.down upon and suffered a great deal.3._(3._(那条那条那条那条)river is the longest river in the world?)river is the longest river in the world?4

20、._(4._(都都都都)his parent are)his parent are politicianspoliticians.5._(5._(每个学生每个学生每个学生每个学生)should respect the)should respect the school rules.school rules.6._(6._(两边两边两边两边)of the road)of the road is is lined with trees.We lined with trees.We should plant some to provide shade in summer.should plant s

21、ome to provide shade in summer.7.There are no trees on_(7.There are no trees on_(两边两边两边两边)of the street.)of the street.8.This is what I saw with_(8.This is what I saw with_(亲眼亲眼亲眼亲眼).).TheirthoseThatBothEach/Every studentNeither sideeither sidemy own eyes9.9.Im totally occupied todayIm totally occup

22、ied today.Let us talk about it.Let us talk about it _(_(改天改天改天改天).).10.Twenty of the students are in favor of the plan.10.Twenty of the students are in favor of the plan._(_(另外的学生另外的学生另外的学生另外的学生)are strongly against)are strongly against it.it.11.We have_(11.We have_(多多多多)homework to do today because

23、 we)homework to do today because we had_(had_(少少少少)homework yesterday.)homework yesterday.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)做定语的物主代词要用形容词性。做定语的物主代词要用形容词性。做定语的物主代词要用形容词性。做定语的物主代词要用形容词性。形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词可以和可以和可以和可以和ownown连用，表示强调连用，表示强调连用，表示强调连用，表示强调。(2)(2)指示代词指示代词指示代词指示代词that/thisthat/this做定语，修

24、饰单数名词，做定语，修饰单数名词，做定语，修饰单数名词，做定语，修饰单数名词，these/thosethese/those做定语，修饰复数名词。做定语，修饰复数名词。做定语，修饰复数名词。做定语，修饰复数名词。(3)(3)不定代词不定代词不定代词不定代词eacheach(用于两者或三者及以上用于两者或三者及以上用于两者或三者及以上用于两者或三者及以上)/)/everyevery(用于三用于三用于三用于三者及以上者及以上者及以上者及以上)/)/either either(两者中的任何一个两者中的任何一个两者中的任何一个两者中的任何一个)/)/neitherneither(两者都两者都两者都两者都

25、不不不不)做定语，做定语，做定语，做定语，只能修饰单数名词只能修饰单数名词只能修饰单数名词只能修饰单数名词。another dayThe other studentsmuchlittle(4)both(4)both(用于两者用于两者用于两者用于两者)/)/allall(用于三者及以上用于三者及以上用于三者及以上用于三者及以上)作定语，修饰复作定语，修饰复作定语，修饰复作定语，修饰复数名词。数名词。数名词。数名词。(5)(5)anotheranother(单数概念，泛指，三者及以上单数概念，泛指，三者及以上单数概念，泛指，三者及以上单数概念，泛指，三者及以上)只能修饰单只能修饰单只能修饰单只能修

26、饰单数名词；数名词；数名词；数名词；the otherthe other（特指，两者或两部分）既可修饰单数（特指，两者或两部分）既可修饰单数（特指，两者或两部分）既可修饰单数（特指，两者或两部分）既可修饰单数又可以修饰复数名词；又可以修饰复数名词；又可以修饰复数名词；又可以修饰复数名词；otherother（泛指，三者及以上）只能（泛指，三者及以上）只能（泛指，三者及以上）只能（泛指，三者及以上）只能修饰复数名词；修饰复数名词；修饰复数名词；修饰复数名词；othersothers和和和和the othersthe others不可作定语不可作定语不可作定语不可作定语。(6)(6)many/fe

27、w/a fewmany/few/a few修饰可数名词的复数形式；修饰可数名词的复数形式；修饰可数名词的复数形式；修饰可数名词的复数形式；much/little much/little/a little/a little修饰不可数名词。修饰不可数名词。修饰不可数名词。修饰不可数名词。五、数词定语五、数词定语五、数词定语五、数词定语1.There are_(1.There are_(六千六千六千六千)students in our school.)students in our school.2.The radar was invented in the _(2.The radar was in

28、vented in the _(二十二十二十二十)century.)century.3.There are_(3.There are_(几十个几十个几十个几十个)students on)students on the playground.the playground.six thousandtwentiethtwentiethtens/scores/dozens4.Tomorrow is my_(4.Tomorrow is my_(三十五三十五三十五三十五)birthday.)birthday.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)表示表示表示表示“世纪世纪世纪世纪”、“生日生

29、日生日生日”要用序数词。要用序数词。要用序数词。要用序数词。(2)(2)表示具体数字的基数词直接作定语，表示具体数字的基数词直接作定语，表示具体数字的基数词直接作定语，表示具体数字的基数词直接作定语，不可和不可和不可和不可和ofof连用连用连用连用；tens/scores/dozens/hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/tens/scores/dozens/hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/trillions trillions of of 表示概数，强调表示概数，强调表示概数，强调表示概数，强调“多多多多”。六、

30、介词词组作定语六、介词词组作定语六、介词词组作定语六、介词词组作定语1.The girl _(1.The girl _(戴着眼镜的戴着眼镜的戴着眼镜的戴着眼镜的)is my cousin.)is my cousin.2.The girl_(2.The girl_(穿着校服的穿着校服的穿着校服的穿着校服的)is from Class 5.)is from Class 5.3.Many secrets _(3.Many secrets _(宇宙中的宇宙中的宇宙中的宇宙中的)remain)remain unknown.unknown.4.The tower_(4.The tower_(山顶上的山顶上

31、的山顶上的山顶上的)was build in the)was build in the Tang Dynasty.Tang Dynasty.5.The supermarket_(5.The supermarket_(城中心的城中心的城中心的城中心的)is always)is always very crowded.very crowded.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：介词词组作定语，一律后置。介词词组作定语，一律后置。介词词组作定语，一律后置。介词词组作定语，一律后置。thirty-fifththirty-fifthwith glasseswith glassesin school

32、 uniformin school uniformin space/the universein space/the universeon top of the hillon top of the hillin the city centerin the city center七、非谓语动词作定语七、非谓语动词作定语七、非谓语动词作定语七、非谓语动词作定语1.The last person _(1.The last person _(离开离开离开离开)the sinking ship was the)the sinking ship was the captain.captain.2.The

33、first _(2.The first _(到校的到校的到校的到校的)today is Jim.)today is Jim.3.We were overjoyed at the _(3.We were overjoyed at the _(激动人心的激动人心的激动人心的激动人心的)news.)news.4.She looked at me with a _(4.She looked at me with a _(困惑的困惑的困惑的困惑的)expression.)expression.5.From her _(5.From her _(激动的激动的激动的激动的)voice,I know she

34、has passed)voice,I know she has passed the test.the test.6.The _(6.The _(吓倒的吓倒的吓倒的吓倒的)girl let out a sharp cry.)girl let out a sharp cry.7.Please fill in the blanks with the_ 7.Please fill in the blanks with the_ (所给单词所给单词所给单词所给单词).).8.Dont throw away the_(8.Dont throw away the_(用过的书用过的书用过的书用过的书).).

35、9._(9._(所用的所用的所用的所用的书书书书)were published by Peoples)were published by Peoples Education Publishing House.Education Publishing House.to leaveto leaveto come to schoolto come to schoolexcitingexcitingpuzzledpuzzledexcitedexcitedfrightenedfrightenedgiven words/words givengiven words/words givenused book

36、sused booksThe books usedThe books used10.The ground is covered with thick_(10.The ground is covered with thick_(落叶落叶落叶落叶).).11.The building_(11.The building_(将修的将修的将修的将修的)will be used as our)will be used as our library.library.12.Our_(12.Our_(饮用水饮用水饮用水饮用水)is being seriously)is being seriously pollu

37、ted.polluted.注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)序数词和由序数词修饰的名词一般用不定式作后置定序数词和由序数词修饰的名词一般用不定式作后置定序数词和由序数词修饰的名词一般用不定式作后置定序数词和由序数词修饰的名词一般用不定式作后置定语。不定式做定语必须后置。语。不定式做定语必须后置。语。不定式做定语必须后置。语。不定式做定语必须后置。(2)(2)现在分词作定语多修饰物，过去分词作定语多修饰人。现在分词作定语多修饰物，过去分词作定语多修饰人。现在分词作定语多修饰物，过去分词作定语多修饰人。现在分词作定语多修饰物，过去分词作定语多修饰人。(3)(3)声音和表情前面用过

38、去分词作定语，代表某人当时所声音和表情前面用过去分词作定语，代表某人当时所声音和表情前面用过去分词作定语，代表某人当时所声音和表情前面用过去分词作定语，代表某人当时所处的心理活动和精神状态。处的心理活动和精神状态。处的心理活动和精神状态。处的心理活动和精神状态。(4)(4)given given作定语时，可前置也可后置。作定语时，可前置也可后置。作定语时，可前置也可后置。作定语时，可前置也可后置。fallen leavesfallen leavesto be builtto be builtdrinking waterdrinking water(5)(5)usedused做前置定语，含义为做

39、前置定语，含义为做前置定语，含义为做前置定语，含义为“用过的，旧的用过的，旧的用过的，旧的用过的，旧的”；做后置定；做后置定；做后置定；做后置定语，含义为语，含义为语，含义为语，含义为“所用的所用的所用的所用的”。(6)(6)现在分词的完成时不用作定语。现在分词的完成时不用作定语。现在分词的完成时不用作定语。现在分词的完成时不用作定语。(7)(7)动名词做定语表示事物的用途。动名词做定语表示事物的用途。动名词做定语表示事物的用途。动名词做定语表示事物的用途。九、从句作定语九、从句作定语九、从句作定语九、从句作定语1.Those_drink water a well should never f

40、orget the 1.Those_drink water a well should never forget the people _dug it.people _dug it.2.The man _you spoke to is a model 2.The man _you spoke to is a model worker.worker.3.An orphan is a child _parents are both dead.3.An orphan is a child _parents are both dead.4.Where is the book_ cover is los

41、t?4.Where is the book_ cover is lost?5.This is the room _I lived 3 years ago.5.This is the room _I lived 3 years ago.This is the room _I lived in 3 years ago.This is the room _I lived in 3 years ago.This is the room in _ I lived 3 years ago.This is the room in _ I lived 3 years ago.whowhowho/thatwho

42、/thatwho/whom/thatwho/whom/thatwhosewhosewhosewhosewherewherewhich/thatwhich/thatwhichwhich6.The meeting will be put off till next Friday,_Mr.6.The meeting will be put off till next Friday,_Mr.Smith will return from the south.Smith will return from the south.7.The weather turned out to be very cold,

43、_was 7.The weather turned out to be very cold,_was more than we had expected.more than we had expected.8._ is often the case,he is late for school again.8._ is often the case,he is late for school again.9.The days are gone_Chinese people were looked 9.The days are gone_Chinese people were looked dow

44、n upon.down upon.=Gone are the days_Chinese people were looked =Gone are the days_Chinese people were looked down upon.down upon.10.Johns father,_works in a factory,is a model 10.Johns father,_works in a factory,is a model worker.worker.11.Bijie,_ is a middle-sized city,is changing every 11.Bijie,_

45、is a middle-sized city,is changing every day.day.12.Professor Jack,_ now teaches in Guizhou 12.Professor Jack,_ now teaches in Guizhou University,will be invited to give us a lecture on University,will be invited to give us a lecture on computer puter science.whenwhenwhichwhichAsAswhenwhenwhenwhenwh

46、owhowhichwhichwhowho13.Tom is one of the boys who_ in favor of the idea.13.Tom is one of the boys who_ in favor of the idea.14.I live in a house,in front of_ flows a small stream.14.I live in a house,in front of_ flows a small stream.15.Our school,_is located in the heart of the city,15.Our school,_

47、is located in the heart of the city,was set up in the 1920s with a history of nearly 100 was set up in the 1920s with a history of nearly 100 years.years.16.The university,over 80%of_ graduates can 16.The university,over 80%of_ graduates can easily find an ideal job,attracts students from all over e

48、asily find an ideal job,attracts students from all over the country.the country.17.The reason,for_I dont approve of your 17.The reason,for_I dont approve of your suggestion,is that I dont think it is very practical.suggestion,is that I dont think it is very practical.18.I will never forget the days_

49、we studied happily 18.I will never forget the days_we studied happily together.together.arearewhichwhichwhichwhichwhosewhosewhichwhichwhenwhen注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：注意事项：(1)(1)注意关系代词和关系副词的准确适用。注意关系代词和关系副词的准确适用。注意关系代词和关系副词的准确适用。注意关系代词和关系副词的准确适用。(2)(2)注意把握注意把握注意把握注意把握“分隔定语从句分隔定语从句分隔定语从句分隔定语从句”（主句的谓语很短，为了避（主句的

50、谓语很短，为了避（主句的谓语很短，为了避（主句的谓语很短，为了避免头重脚轻，把主句谓语提到定语从句之前的从句）。免头重脚轻，把主句谓语提到定语从句之前的从句）。免头重脚轻，把主句谓语提到定语从句之前的从句）。免头重脚轻，把主句谓语提到定语从句之前的从句）。(3)(3)定语从句中，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复定语从句中，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复定语从句中，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复定语从句中，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。数。数。数。(4)(4)注意限制性和非限制性定语从句的准确使用（做人物注意限制性和非限制性定语从句的准确使用（做人物注意限制性和非限制性定语从句