2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英语试题及标准答案.doc

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1、 绝密启用前试卷类型：A2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英语本试卷共 12 页,三大题,满分 135 分.考试用时 120 分钟注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔讲试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，

2、先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the humanbody isthat anyone cou

3、ld hope to live if he or she iseven say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce3 . They wear out, and as a result, we get old and die.Even though we cant live forever, we are living a1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today i

4、t is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as thebetween middle age and old age. After all, many older people dont begin to experience physicaland mental until after age 75.People are living longer because more peoplemedicine changed the laws of nature, many children d

5、ied of common childhoodNow that the chances of dying 10 are much lower, the chances of living long are1to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest2healthy and lucky. Some scientists45life than ever before. In6line78childhood. Before modern9.much higher due to better

6、diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The11in our population will havelasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changeswill be for the worse, while some see 12 , not disaster, many men and women in their“golden years” are heal

7、thy, still active, and young in 13 if not in age.英语试卷 A 第 1页 （共 12页） As the society grows old, we need the14of our older citizens. With long livesahead of them, they need to15active and devoted.1. A. designed2. A. completely3. A. rapidly4. A. eventually5. A. busierB. selectedB. generallyB. harmlessl

8、yB. hopelesslyB. longerC. improvedC. apparentlyC. endlesslyC. automaticallyC. richerD. discoveredD. extremelyD. separatelyD. desperatelyD. happierD. dividingD. failure6. A. finishing7. A. stressB. guidingB. damageB. enjoyC. waitingC. declineC. rememberC. worriesC. sick8. A. survive9. A. problems10.

9、A. poorD. valueB. fearsD. diseasesD. quietB. young11. A. changes12. A. dreams13. A. mindB. recoveryB. chancesB. appearanceB. suggestionsB. appearC. safetyD. increasesD. choicesD. movementD. permissionD. stayC. strengthsC. voice14. A. protection15. A. soundC. contributionsC. turn第二节 语法填空（共 10 题；每小题 1

10、.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 16-25 的相应位置上。Mr. John son lived in the woods with his wife and children. He ownedwhich looked almost abandoned. 17 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milkevery day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the t

11、owns nearby 18 other foodand made cheese and butter for the family with what 19 (leave). The cow was their onlymeans of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 20 it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she 21 (fall) over the hill and died. Then theJohnsons had t

12、o make a living 22 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnsonbegan to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cuttingdown trees 23 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his childrens clothes, he started gcotton too. When harvest came around, he was already s

13、elling herbs, vegetables and cotton inthe market 24 people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to 25 that16farm,his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.英语试卷 A 第 2页 （共 12页） III 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳

14、选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APeter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game thatused little pieces of wood with different letters on them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirlsaid, “Uh, look, the game box hasnt even been opened yet. That mightbe worth some money. ”Peter exam

15、ined the box, and, sure enough, it was completely covered in factory-sealedplastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up for auction (拍卖) on the Internet, and see what happens.” thesalesgirl said.“Yes, youre right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I can

16、t imagine there beingvery many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Dont forget to tell me if you sell it.” the salesgirl smiled.“No problem.” Peter said.After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. Buthe couldnt find it. Then he typed i

17、n the name of the word game and hit Search. The searchresult was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years,the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors.He also found some lists of game fans looking for various

18、 versions of the game. Peter emailedsome of them, telling them what he had.Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop.“Hello. Do you still remember the unopened word game?”The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”“Ive got something for you,” Peter said. “I s

19、old the game and made $1,000. Thank you foryour suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills.“Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expected it.”26. Which of the following best describes Peters word game?A. It was made around 40 years ago.B. It had game boards in different sizes.C. It w

20、as kept in a plastic bag with a seal.D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors.27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peters word game?A. Old and handy.B. Rare and valuable.英语试卷 A 第 3页 （共 12页） C. Classic and attractive.D. Colorful and interesting28. Peter got the names of the game fa

21、ns from _.A. an auctionB. the InternetC. a game shopD. the second-hand shop29. What happened at the end of the story?A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.B. The salesgirl became Peters friend.C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000.D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.30. What is

22、 the main theme of the story?A. Its important to keep a promise.B. Its great to share in other peoples happiness.C. We should be grateful for the help from others.D. Something rare is worth a large amount of money.BWhen I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that

23、wasnt very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldnt catch anything. Iusually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want tocatch a fish, you have to think like a fish”, I remember being even more upset then because,“Im not a fish!” I didnt kn

24、ow how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what Ithink influence what a fish does?As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read somebooks on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthlymeetings. I learned that

25、a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to watertemperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in t he shade. Yet, fish dont have anyeyelids(眼皮) and the sun huts their eyes

26、 The more I understood fish, the more I becameeffective at finding and catching them.When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say,“We all need to think like sales people.” But it didnt completely make sense. My dad neveronce said, “If you want to catch a fish y

27、ou need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was,“You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote l ong-term services topeople much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more likecustomers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how

28、 in the following chapters.英语试卷 A 第 4页 （共 12页） 31. Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine?A. He could not catch a fish.B. His father was not patient with him.C. His father did not teach him fishing.D. He could not influence a fish as his father did.32. What did the authors father

29、 really mean?A. To read about fish.B. To learn fishing by oneself.C. To understand what fish think.D. To study fishing in many ways.33. According to the author, fish are most likely to be found _.A. in deep water on sunny daysB. in deep water on cloudy daysC. in shallow water under sunlightD. in sha

30、llow water under waterside trees34. After entering the business world, the author found _.A. it easy to think like a customerB. his fathers fishing advice inspiringC. his first bosss sales ideas reasonableD. it difficult to sell services to poor people35. This passage most likely comes from _.A. a f

31、ishing guideB. a popular sales bookC. a novel on childhoodD. a millionaires biographyCDaniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes its important to distinguish televisionsinfluences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems itdoesnt really cause, overlookin

32、g our own roles in shaping childrens minds.One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a childs ability to think and tounderstand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see

33、. Actually,children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachersagree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new wordsand ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front ofthe set an

34、d do something in another room.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.英语试卷 A 第 5页 （共 12页） But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related toreading ability. TV doesnt take the place of reading for most childre

35、n; it takes the place ofsimilar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parentseducational background have a stronger influence on a childs reading. “A childs reading abilityis best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.Traditional wisdom al

36、so has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ ( 智商) scores andaffects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact,research suggests that its the other way around. “If youre smart young, youll watch less TVwhen youre older,” Anderson says. Yet, peopl

37、e of lower IQ tend to be lifelong televisionviewers.For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children.However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionallybelieved, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned withou

38、t considering otherinfluences.36. By watching TV, children learn _.A. images through wordsB. more than explicit meaningsC. more about images than wordsD. little about peoples psychology37. An educational program is best watched by a child _.A. on his ownB. with other kidsC. with his parentsD. with h

39、is teachers38. Which of the following is most related to childrens reading ability?A. Radio-listeningB. Television-watchingC. Parents reading listD. Parents educational background39. Anderson believed that _.A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he isB. the younger a child is, the more he watc

40、hes TVC. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TVD. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school40. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advise on the educational use of TV.B. To describe TVs harmful effects on children.英语试卷 A 第 6页 （共 12页） C. To explai

41、n traditional views on TV influences.D. To present Andersons unconventional ideas.DIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class hadunique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the decline of class and classlesssociety in Britain. An

42、d in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middleclass.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of publicopinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percentagreed that class was still a vital part of Bri

43、tish society; and 52 percent thought there were stillsharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remainsan important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British persons class position is acc

44、ent. The words a personspeaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice soundinglike a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice, Most people said this accentsounded educated and soft. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other h

45、and,were regional city accents. These accents were seen as common and ugly. However, a similarstudy of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional(地区的) accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that Britishattitudes towards acc

46、ent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adoptsome regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of classbecoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song Common People puts fo

47、rward the view thatthough a middle-class person may want to live like common people they can never appreciatethe reality of a working-class life.41. A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain _.A. it is time to end class distinctionB. most people belong to middle classC. it is easy to recognize a persons classD. people regard themselves socially different42. The w