(完整版)2018全国高考英语真题.doc

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1、 2018 年高考英语真题试卷（全国卷含答案）第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWashington, D. C Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees withbeautiful flowers of Washington ，D

2、.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about thetrees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot beforeavailability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear！Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular

3、 monuments in Washington, D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares uniquefacts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. CDuration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike to

4、ur is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and localslooking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)mak

5、ecycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and theNat

6、ional Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique factsand history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped withreflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C

7、.B Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. CD Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A Meet famous people.B Go to a national park.C Visit well-known museums.D Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which o

8、f the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？ACity maps.BCameras.CMeals.DSafety lights.B Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa everymorning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how to preparedelicious and nutritious meals o

9、n a tight budget。In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help ofchef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes forunder 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able toput a lot of what shes

10、 learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“We love Mexican churros so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeawayrestaurant, she explains. I pay 5 for a portion （份），but Matt makes them for 26p aportion, because they are flour, water, su

11、gar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, butsometimes we re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series( 系列节目), Save money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVsSave Money ：Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vastrange of he

12、alth products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with adifferent family each week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family inneed of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the familys longweekend of celeb

13、ration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid？A She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B She has started a new programme.C She dislikes working early in the morning.D She has had a tight budget for her family. 25. How does Matt Tebbutt help SusannaA He buys coo

14、king materials for her.B He prepares food for her kids.C He assists her in cooking matters.D He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？A Summarize the previous paragraphs.B Provide some advice for the readers.C Add some background information.D Introduce a

15、 new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB Balancing Our Daily DietC Making Yourself a Perfect ChefD Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent timesthere has been less coming and a lot

16、more going. When the world was still populated byhunter-gatherers，small，tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speechindependent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when theworld had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12, 000 languages

17、 betweenthem.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, andtheir languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universalcompulsory education, especially g

18、lobalisation and better communications in the past fewdecades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such asEnglish，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages. The distribution of these languages ishugely uneven. Th

19、e general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, oftenspoken by many people, while hot wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1, 000; Africa 2, 400; and Asiaand the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea a

20、lone accounts for well over800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is mere 6,000, which that half the worldslanguages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6, 800 languages are close to extinction ( 消亡), withonly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu

21、 in Cameroon （eight remainingspeakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) orWadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chanceof survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A They developed

22、very fastB They were large in numberC They had similar patternsD They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2？A ComplexB. Advanced C Powerful.D Modern30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present？A About 6,800B About

23、3,400C About 2,400D About 1,20031. What is the main idea of the text？A New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C Human development results in fewer languages.D Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn techno

24、logy at the first sight ofsomething shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices ( 装置)well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environment- and our wallets - asthese outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the samethings.To figu

25、re out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleaguesat the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs foreach product throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined to when we stop usingthe device. This method provided a readout

26、for how home energy use has evolved since theearly 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers ， basic mobilephones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And WP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets ande-readers

27、 showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. Theliving-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly oneday ，you have a TV in every room of the house”, said one researcher. The average numberof electronic devices rose from

28、 four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not justkeeping these old devices - We continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbittsteam, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices withtheir energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emiss

29、ions ( 排放) more thandoubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what s the solution( 解决方案 )? The team s data only went up to2007， but theresearchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with newelectronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word proc

30、essing and TVviewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVsand desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A They are environment-friendly.B They are no better than the old.C They cost more to use at hom

31、e.D They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A To reduce the cost of minerals.B To test the life cycle of a product.C To update consumers on new technology. D To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A The

32、box-set TV.B The tablet.C The LCD TV.D The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A Stop using themB Take them apartC Upgrade them.D Recycle them.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home design-something youll always have i

33、n every room. Agrasp of how to manage color in your spaces in one of the first steps to creating roomsyoull love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional ? Or are you justlooking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 _ , color is the key to making a room feelthe way you wa

34、nt it to feelOver the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designersapproach this important point. 37 ，they can get a little complex. But good news is thatthereer really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones, the medium ones

35、, and the large ones._38_ ，Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that mostof us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significantbenefit

36、of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables orbookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have amore powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,

37、 ceilings, and floors. Whetheryoure looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it aresignificant. 40_ .E. its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this

38、range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department wasoffering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the id

39、ea of taking theclass because, after all, who doesnt want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, Id alwayswanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren t 43 enough about free credits, news aboutour 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, whichwould be learning from one of the

40、 games 46 I could hardly wait to 47 him.45 I Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, andthis 48 was no game for him ; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 thatour credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class among other criteria, we had tow

41、rite a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professionsand 52 .to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53served me well beyond the 54 .and leaned life lessons that haveTen years after my chess class with Ashley, I m still putting to use what he 55 me ：“theabsolut

42、e most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 .On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) isdoing and59 the best move from among all your options”. These words still ring true todayin my 60 as a journalist.50. A. attend B. pass53.

43、 A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation C. block D. evaluateAccording to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years_61_(long) than non-runners, You dont have to run fast or for long _62_(see) the benefit.You ma

44、y drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _63_(die) early byrunning.While running regularly can t make you live forever ，the review says it _64_(be)moreeffective at lengthening life _65_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of thereview also made a study published in 20

45、14_66_showed a mere five to 10 minute a day ofrunning reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _67_（cause）.The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise.its probably running.To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to _68_(strength) your

46、legmuscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and itsalways_69_(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get thesame benefits as other sports, soperhaps we should all give_70_ a try.71.第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作

47、文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit mygrandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in asmall house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, theyhad a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which theyraised fish. My