2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题五 完形填空 练习 Word版含解析.doc

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1、 全国卷3年考情分析注：句内层次题：空格的答案由空格所在句子决定。句组层次题：空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定。语篇层次题：空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定。命题者说研究近3年的全国卷完形填空试题，可以发现完形填空的设题方式大致可分为句内层次、句组层次及语篇层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句组层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，对于考生来说相对比较容易得分。且句内层次、句组层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数，但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有23个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎，对于此类填空，往往需要考生跨越段落，从全文

2、的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理等角度进行推理、判断，才能做出正确的选择。本专题将设两课对这三种题型进行分别指导。(2017·全国卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this _41_ process and found something that has changed my _42_ at colle

3、ge for the better：I discovered ASLAmerican Sign Language(美式手语)I never felt an urge to _43_ any sign language before.My entire family is hearing，and so are all my friends.The _44_ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)Little did I know that I would discover my _45_ for ASL.The _46_ began du

4、ring my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club _47_ their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very _48_ of communicating without speaking _49_ me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the _50_. This newness just left me _51_ more.After that, fee

5、ling the need to _52_ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Clubs meetings. I only learned how to _53_ the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my _54_ progress，I was excited.I then made it a point to _55_ those meetings and learn all I could.The following term, I _56_ an ASL

6、 class. The professor was deaf and any talking was _57_. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. _58_， if there had been any talking, it would have _59_ us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the _60_ way of communication it opens.解题导语本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己学习美式手语的经历及感受。41A.sear

7、chingBplanningCnatural DformalA解析：根据上文中“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life”的关键词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)的过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”。42A.progress BexperienceCmajor DopinionB解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者发现了把自己的大学经历(experien

8、ce)变得更美好的东西。progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”。43A.choose BreadClearn DcreateC解析：以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语的强烈欲望。choose“选择”；create“创造”。44A.official BforeignCbody DspokenD解析：根据上文中的“My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends”及下文中的“languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)”可知

9、，口语对作者所有的(社会)交往来说已经足够了。spoken language“口语”符合语境。official“正式的，官方的”。45A.love BconcernCgoal DrequestA解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者不知道自己会喜爱(love)美式手语。concern“关心，担心，忧虑”；goal“目标”；request“要求”。46A.meeting BtripCstory DtaskC解析：这个故事(story)始于作者上大学的第一周。meeting“会议”；trip“旅行”；task“任务”。47A.recorded BperformedCrecited DdiscussedB解

10、析：根据句中的关键词“watched”可知，此处指作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(performed)。record“记录，录音”；recite“背诵”；discuss“讨论”。48A.idea BamountCdream DreasonA解析：手部动作和无需用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引了作者。amount“数额，数量”；dream“梦想”；reason“原因，理由”。49A.disturbed BsupportedCembarrassed DattractedD解析：参见上题解析。attract“吸引，引起的注意”，符合语境。disturb“打扰，打搅”；support“支持”；emba

11、rrass“使尴尬，使难堪”。50A.end BpastCcourse DdistanceB解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者看到的完全不像自己过去(past)所经历过的任何事情。end“结尾”；course“过程，课程”；distance“距离”。51A.showing BactingCsaying DwantingD解析：这种新事物使作者想要(接触)更多。show“展示”；act“表演，扮演”；want“想要”。52A.exercise BexploreCexpress DexplainB解析：根据上下文语境和第一段中的关键词“explore”可知，作者觉得自己有进一步探索(explore)美

12、式手语的需要。exercise“锻炼，训练”；express“表达”；explain“解释”。53A.print BwriteCsign DcountC解析：根据语境可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语来表示全部字母。print“打印，印刷”；write“写”；sign“打手语”；count“数数”。54A.slow BsteadyCnormal DobviousA解析：根据上文的“I only learned how to _ the alphabet that day.”可知，作者并没有对自己缓慢的(slow)进步感到沮丧。steady“稳步的”；normal“正常的”；obvious“明显

13、的”。55A.chair BsponsorCattend DorganizeC解析：根据语境，尤其是上文的“made it a point to”和下文的“and learn all I could”可知，作者努力做到参加(attend)这些会议。chair“主持(会议、讨论等)”；sponsor“赞助，举办”；organize“组织”。56A.missed BpassedCgave up Dregistered forD解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者注册参加了一个美式手语课程。miss“想念，错过”；pass“通过”；give up“放弃”；register for“注册，选课”。57A.p

14、rohibited BwelcomedCignored DrepeatedA解析：根据上文的“The professor was deaf and any talking”可知，作者所参加的课程的教授是个耳聋的人，故任何谈话都是被禁止(prohibited)的。welcome“欢迎，欣然接受”；ignore“忽视”；repeat“重复”。58A.Lastly BThus CInstead DHoweverC解析：根据上下文的语境可知，作者很快意识到无声并非不愉快的，反而(Instead)，如果有任何谈话的话，会导致(caused)作者他们学习得更少。Lastly“最后，终于”；Thus“因此”

15、；However“然而”。59A.required Bcaused Callowed DexpectedB解析：参见上题解析。require“要求”；allow“允许”；expect“期望”。60A.easy Bpopular Cquick DnewD解析：根据语境可知，作者现在非常喜欢这种无声以及它打开的新的(new)沟通方式。easy“容易的”；popular“受欢迎的”；quick“快速的”。(2017·全国卷)In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each day, 27 kids _41_ “The Thinking Labor

16、atory.”That was the _42_ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too _43_Freddy was an average _44_， but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)He would _45_ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones _46_Before the school year _47_， I gave th

17、e kids a special _48_， T­shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your _49_” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull, most of the _50_ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.Through the years, Id run into former students who would provide _51_ on old classmates.

18、I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his _52_ from high school and remained the same _53_ person I met forty years before.Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man _54_ in his truck. Another time , he _55_ a friend money to buy a house.Just last year, I was _56_ a works

19、hop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman _57_ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and _58_ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a _59_ from Freddys mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”I told the story to the class. As

20、 sad as it was, I couldnt help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us，we all _60_ something from Freddy.解题导语本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的学生Freddy的性格特征，以及多年后他的生活和工作状况，并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西。41A.built BenteredCdecorated DranB解析：在1973年，作者正在教小学。每天27个小孩进入“思想实验室”。enter“进入”，符合语境。build“建造”；decorate“装饰”；run“管理，经营”。42A.

21、name BruleCbrand DplanA解析：根据下文的“Room 104”可知，“The Thinking Laboratory”是学生们选举出来的名字。name“名字”；rule“规则”；brand“品牌”；plan“计划”。故选A项。43A.small BdarkCstrange DdullD解析：Room 104这个名字被学生们选举换成The Thinking Laboratory，所以可判断出学生们认为Room 104这个名字太乏味了。dull“枯燥的，无趣的”，符合语境。故选D项。44A.scholar BstudentCcitizen DworkerB解析：根据上文中的“I

22、 was teaching elementary school”可知，作者正在教小学，故可推知Freddy是一个普通的学生。故选B项。45A.speak BsingCquestion DlaughD解析：根据下文中的“the loudest over fun”可知，Freddy对有趣的事情会笑得最大声。故选D项。46A.misfortune BdisbeliefCdishonesty DmistakeA解析：根据上文中的the saddest可知，Freddy对别人的不幸是感到最悲伤的。misfortune“不幸”；disbelief“不信，怀疑”；dishonesty“不诚实”；mistak

23、e“错误”。故选A项。47A.changed BapproachedCreturned DendedD解析：根据语境可知，此处表示在学年结束前。end“结束”，符合语境。change“改变”；approach“靠近”；return“返回”。48A.lesson BgiftCreport DmessageB解析：在学年结束前，给孩子们的应是礼物。故选B项。49A.Friends BAwardsCMasters DTasksA解析：根据下文可知，作者认为尽管动词看起来是枯燥的，但是孩子们在一生中所做的大多数趣事就是动词。再结合选项可知，A项符合语境。50A.simple BuniqueCfun D

24、cleverC解析：由while可知，空处与dull形成对比，故选C项。simple“简单的”；unique“独特的”；clever“聪明的”。51A.assessments BcommentsCinstructions DupdatesD解析：根据语境可知，很多年来，作者偶然遇到以前的学生会给他提供一些他们老同学的最新消息，所以作者才了解到Freddy的一些情况。update“最新消息”，符合语境。assessment“评估，评价”；comment“评论”；instruction“指导，教导”。52A.graduation BretirementCseparation Dresignatio

25、nA解析：根据空前的“did several jobs”可知，此处表示Freddy从高中毕业后。graduation“毕业”，符合语境，故选A项。retirement“退休”；separation“分离”；resignation“辞职”。53A.daring Bmodest Ccaring DsmartC解析：根据下文中的“he let a homeless man. a friend money to buy a house”可知，他让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里，还借给朋友钱去买房子，故可推知他仍然是作者四十年前遇到的那个乐于助人的人。caring“乐于助人的”，符合语境。故选C项。54

26、A.wait Bsleep Cstudy DliveB解析：根据上文中的“while working overnight”可知，Freddy上夜班时，让一位无家可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉。故选B项。55A.paid BchargedClent DowedC解析：因为Freddy是一位乐于助人的人，所以是借给朋友钱买房子。lend“借出”，符合语境。pay“支付”；charge“(向)收费”；owe“欠(钱)，负(债)”。56A.observing Bpreparing Cdesigning DconductingD解析：根据下文中的“I stopped teaching”可知，作者正在举办一个研

27、习班，这时有人敲教室的门。conduct“实施，执行”，符合语境。故选D项。observe“观察”；prepare“准备”；design“设计”。57A.regretted Bavoided Cexcused DignoredC解析：根据下文中的“I stopped teaching”可知，作者当时正在上课，所以这位女士为打断作者讲课而请求原谅并递给作者一个信封。excuse“原谅(某人的小错)”，符合语境。regret“遗憾，后悔”；avoid“避免”；ignore“忽视”。58A.opened Bpacked Cgave DheldA解析：根据上文中的“handed me an envel

28、ope. I stopped teaching”可知，一位女士递给作者一个信封，作者停止了教学并打开它。故选A项。pack“打包，装箱”；give“交给”；hold“握住，抓住”。59A.picture Bbill Cnote DdiaryC解析：根据下文中的“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving.”可知，这个信封里装着一张Freddy的妈妈写的便条。故选C项。picture“图片”；bill“账单”；diary“日记”。60A.chose Btook Cexpected DborrowedB解析：根据上文中的“Although Freddy was taken

29、 from us”可知，尽管Freddy从我们中被带走了，但是我们所有人都从Freddy那儿拿走了一些东西，即从Freddy的身上学到了一些东西。故选B项。(2017·全国卷)A Toronto man is offering a free round­the­world air ticket to the right woman. But _21_ apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian _22_Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then

30、girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round­the­world air tickets in May, but their _23_ ended and he did not want her ticket to _24_. The ticket had a strict no­transfer(不可转让) _25_， but since passport information was not required when _26_， any Canadian Elizabeth

31、 Gallagher can _27_ it. “I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to _28_ a lot of joy，” said Axani. He posted his _29_ on a social networking website, and received thousands of e­mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the _30_ passports. “More _31_， t

32、here are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in _32_ their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，” Axani said.“It was absolutely out of _33_， thousands of e­mails, people around the world _34_ their stories of travel.”Axani wrote in his post that he is not _35_ anything in return and that the woman

33、who uses the _36_ ticket can choose to either travel with him or _37_ the ticket and travel on her own.The _38_ is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before _39_ in Toronto on January 8. He said the _40_ woman will be ann

34、ounced on the website and the trip will be shared online.解题导语本文是一篇记叙文。一名来自多伦多的男士与女友分手后，为了不浪费已经订好的机票，在网上征集与前女友同名的加拿大女性并免费赠送其机票。21A.benefits BdepositsCrestrictionsDexaminationsC解析：根据下文可知，他要找的这位女士必须叫Elizabeth Gallagher，而且必须持有加拿大护照，这些都是赠送机票的限制要求。benefit“益处”；deposit“订金，押金”；restriction“限制，约束”；examination“

35、检查，考试”。22A.originB.passportCaccentDfriendB解析：参见上题解析。下文的“passport information”亦是提示。23A.holidayBmarriageCdreamDrelationshipD解析：根据上文的“his then girlfriend”可知，他们的男女朋友关系结束了。24A.go to wasteBcome to mindCgo no saleDcome into effect A解析：根据语境可知，这位男士免费赠送票是因为他不想把机票浪费了。25A.policyBorderCpaymentDscheduleA解析：机票不可转让

36、，这是民航政策。policy“政策”；order“命令”；payment“付款，报偿”；schedule“时间表，计划表”。26A.applyingB.bookingCcheckingDbargainingB解析：这张机票在预订的时候没有填护照信息。apply“申请”；book“预订”；check“检查”；bargain“讨价还价”。27A.useBborrowCchooseDbuyA解析：任何一个叫Elizabeth Gallagher的女士都能使用此机票。28A.sacrificeBexpressCexperienceDprovideC解析：此处指有了此机票的人可以体验到旅行的快乐。sac

37、rifice“牺牲”；express“表达”；experience“经历，体验”；provide“提供”。29A.answerBadviceCofferDcommentC解析：根据下文可知，他在社交网站上发布免费提供机票的消息。offer“提供，给予”。30A.sameBrightCnewDrealB解析：根据语境可知，此处指符合条件的对的(right)护照。31A.interesting Bannoying Csatisfying DconvincingA解析：根据语境可知，更有趣的是，几百人有兴趣把他们的名字改成Elizabeth Gallagher。32A.writing Bgiving

38、 Clending DchangingD解析：参见上题解析。change.to.表示“把改成”。33A.touch Bquestion Cdate DcontrolD解析：根据下文提到的有成千上万的邮件可知，此处指已经完全失控了。out of control“失控”。34A.admiring Badvertising Csharing DdoubtingC解析：根据语境可知，世界各地的人发邮件来与他分享他们的旅游故事。35A.leaving Blooking for Closing Ddealing with B解析：根据语境可知，他赠送机票并不期望得到什么回报。look for“寻求，期待”

39、。36A.single BstrangeCregular DextraD解析：此处强调这张机票是免费额外得到的。single“单程的”；strange“奇怪的”；regular“有规律的”；extra“额外的”。37A.return Btake Creserve DhideB解析：免费使用此机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅游，也可以拿走机票自己旅行。38A.interview Bprogram Ctrip DmeetingC解析：此旅行是从纽约市到多伦多。trip“旅游，旅行”。39A.ending Bcalling Crepeating DstayingA解析：此处介绍机票行程，12月21日从纽

40、约市出发，1月8日必须返回多伦多，因此是结束于多伦多。end“结束”。40A.honored Blovely Cintelligent DluckyD解析：根据语境可知，能得到免费机票的女士是幸运的。honored“光荣的，尊敬的”；lovely“可爱的”；intelligent“有智慧的，聪明的”。一、基础保分课巧用9大方法力保句内、句组层次题不失分(一)5大方法速判句内层次题解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。1利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时考生就需要运用习惯

41、搭配及固定结构来解题。示例(2017·全国卷)I then made it a point to _55_ those meetings and learn all I could.AchairBsponsorCattend Dorganize解析C本题可以利用固定结构解题。attend a meeting出席会议，是固定搭配。2利用生活常识和文化背景解题完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作

42、者的思路阅读下去。示例(2017·全国卷)Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman _57_ the interruption and handed me an envelope.57A.regretted BavoidedCexcused Dignored解析C此题可利用生活常识和文化背景解题。作者正在上课，因此根据生活常识，打断作者上课应该请求原谅。3利用对应成分分析法解题完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的

43、逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。示例(2015·安徽卷)To _51_ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.51A.show BrecordCdecrease Dmeasure解析C本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。从上述分析可以看出，第51题与protect形成对应关系。因为前

44、面有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，我们可以很轻松地选出正确答案C项(decrease“减少”)。4利用逻辑关系解题此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。示例(2016·全国卷)We went 10­1 and I was named most valuable player, _28_I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers 29.accident28A.an

45、d BthenCbut Dthus解析C本题考查连词。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的短语。通过上述分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是but。and表示并列关系；then表示顺承关系；thus表示因果关系。5利用语境暗示分析法解题上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。示例(2017·全国卷)The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before _39_ in Tor