《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》必修第一册 Unit4 Natural Disasters【过关测试】（解析版）.docx

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1、必修第一册 Unit4  Natural Disasters过关测试（考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：100分）I.词汇检测1. This is one of the worst natural d_(灾难) ever to hit the area.2. The umbrella is a poor s_(避身处)from heavy rain.3. We can not s_ (幸存)for long without food and drink.4. The firemen _(营救)three women from the burning house.5. Unluckily,

2、 the house that we talked about is in _(废墟)6. The soldiers _(使陷入困境)their enemies and forced them to give in.7. She b_ (掩埋)her face in her hand and wept when she heard the bad news.8. The water s_ (供给)has been cut off because the workers are repairing the main pipes.9. The plane c_ (坠毁)into the mount

3、ain, but the pilot managed to survive.10. E_ line operators must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.答案：1. disasters 2. shelter 3. survive 4. rescued 5. ruins6. trapped 7. buried 8. supply 9. crashed 10. EmergencyII.单句语法填空1.The south of the country

4、 was worst affected by the _ (dry).2.We _ (slide) down the roof and dropped to the ground.3.Soldiers and volunteers are still searching for _ (survive).4.The signs of an economic _ (revive) are only just beginning.5.It suddenly _ (strike) me how we could improve the situation.6.The new _ (deliver) s

5、ervice has taken off in a big way.7.It can be useful to write a short _ (summarize) of your argument(论点) first.8.The old man is said to have gone through varieties of _ (suffer) during the war.9. The typhoon has left a trail of death and _ (destroy) across much of central Japan.10. I feel much _ (af

6、fect) for my mum,whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.1.drought 2.slid 3.survivors 4.revival 5.struck 6.delivery 7.summary 8.sufferings 9.destruction 10.affectionIII.词组填空in ruins, cut across, as usual, in shock, suffer from, on hand, cause damage to , spare no effort to , survive on,

7、 sweep away, as if, 1.He was barely _ his earnings as an artist.2.After the earthquake, the whole city lay _ .3.His friend has_ ill health for some years.4.He isn't seriously injured but he is _ .5. People visit their ancestors graves(坟墓) to _ the dirt.6.We all know that we cant live _ with

8、out good health.7.We can gain time if we_ this field.8.We will _help you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.9.He talks with a stranger _ they were good friends.10.The earthquake _ property(财产）about $6 billion.答案：1.surviving on 2.in ruins 3.suffered from 4.in shock 5.sweep a

9、way 6.as usual 7.cut across 8.spare no effort to 9.as if 10.caused damage to IV. 课文语法填空The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami _1_ crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, _2_ (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four _3

10、_ countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars _4_ (sweep) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached _5_ magnitude of 9.0. “I was having breakfast with my three children _6_ water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to _7_(safe),” said Chandra

11、 Theeravit, a local Thai woman.Thousands of people are still _8_(miss), and the number of _9_ (die) is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid _10_ (organize) for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver foo

12、d and supplies.答案：1.that/which, 2. killing, 3. other, 4. were swept, 5. a, 6. when, 7. safety, 8. missing, 9. deaths, 10. is being organisedV. 阅读理解ANatural disasters are natures anger, which can upset even the most developed countries and make them into ruins.There is nothing we can do to stop such

13、disasters happening.In that case it is quite possible that we are all short of electricity, water, food, etc.The basic necessities to be stored for times of disasters are explained below.Drinking water is a must for any human to survive.It has to be stored based on the number of people in the househ

14、old.A normal human would consume a gallon of water a day.Food is an important requirement.Especially in times of disasters，our bodies would be weak.Rich food is very important in such times of danger.Food like dry fruits would be ideal as they last long and give us energy.A First Aid Kit and basic m

15、edicines are a must and do remember to store some of them.Certain basic things such as scissors and soaps would be handy.It is a good idea to have a radio to be updated with the ongoing news.An Earthquake Preparedness Kit would be of great help in fighting against an earthquake in the places where e

16、arthquakes take place very often.However, this can happen anywhere in the world so it is a must and should be well equipped in advance.There are wind storms that can leave behind a trail of destruction.The US has suffered from many tornadoes.Taking steps in advance to handle such unforeseen circumst

17、ances (情况) is a must.It is a good idea to plan an ideal place which would be helpful in protecting you and your family from the storm.Floods and other natural disasters probably happen unexpectedly someday, so we need to make preparations for them.Do take steps in advance.Being well prepared is the

18、only way that would help us recover from such disasters.【语篇解读】文章大意：自然灾害是不可避免的，我们要提前做好准备。1From the first paragraph we can learn that natural disasters _A_.Acant be prevented by manBcan be controlled by humansCcan take place more oftenDwill ruin the earth someday解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中第二句“There is nothing we

19、can do to stop such disasters happening.”可知，自然灾害是无法阻止的。故选A。2Which kind of food is most suitable for storing according to the author？_B_AMeat and fish. BSome dry fruits.CCakes and bread. DApples and pears.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中第七句“Food like dry fruits would be ideal as they last long and give us energy.”可知，

20、干水果是最理想的储藏食物。故选B。3What is the good way to deal with tornadoes according to the author？_B_AStaying outside of your house with your family.BPlanning a safe place for all your family to stay at.CStoring enough water for you and your family.DPreparing an Earthquake Preparedness Kit earlier.解析：细节理解题。根据第三

21、段中倒数第二句“It is a good idea to plan an ideal place which would be helpful in protecting you and your family from the storm.”可知，龙卷风来临时，为家人安置一个安全的地方躲避是好主意。故选B。4In this passage the author mainly tells readers to _C_.Afight against natural disasters ，with their family bravelyBkeep calm in the circumstance

22、s of natural disastersCprepare necessities for natural disasters ahead of timeDtake steps to reduce the damage of natural disasters解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中最后一句“The basic necessities to be stored for times of disasters are explained below.”以及最后一段“Do take steps in advance. Being well prepared is the only way t

23、hat would help us recover from such disasters.”可知，本文主要介绍的是提前为灾难来临储备好必需品。故选C。 BA new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstandingundoubtedly first­rate photo­journalismif they had been made last week.In fact，they

24、were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegian­built thr

25、ee­master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achie

26、ve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well­researched story The Endurance，adventuring was even then a thor

27、oughly commercial effort.Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton，a onetime British merchant­navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，start

28、ed a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Frank Hurley收集的照片把过去一次不成功的航海活动重新展现了出来

29、。1What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?AThey were made last week.BThey showed undersea sceneries.CThey were found by a cameraman.DThey recorded a disastrous adventure.答案D事实细节题。根据第二段中的they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck可知，这些照片记录的是一次海难。2Who reach

30、ed the South Pole first according to the text?AFrank Hurley.BErnest Shackleton.CRobert Falcon Scott.DCaroline Alexander.答案C事实细节题。根据第三段最后一句话中的Captain Scott had reached the South Pole可知，到达南极的是Robert Falcon Scott。3What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?AArtistic creation.BScientif

31、ic research.CMoney making.DTreasure hunting.答案C事实细节题。根据最后一段中的.start a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography可知，Alexander认为他1914航行的目的就是为了挣钱发财。 CTheir cheery song brightens many a winter's day.But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too

32、 much.Robins are singing all nightas well as during the day，British­based researchers say.David Dominoni，of Glasgow University，said that light from street lamps，takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clocks，leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.Dr

33、Dominoni，who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns，said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk.His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab，it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.And the more birds are exp

34、osed to light，the more active they are at night.He told people at a conference，“There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing.Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing their song output

35、，there might be some costs of energy.”And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal.Dr Dominoni said，“In Glasgow where I live，gulls are a serious problem.I have people coming to me saying You are the bird expert.Can you

36、help us kill these gulls？During the breeding(繁殖) season，between April and June，they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep.”Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution，other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to m

37、ake themselves heard over loud noise.However，some birds thrive(兴旺) in noisy environments.A study from California Polytechnic State University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery.It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.【语篇解

38、读】本文主要介绍了一项调查研究的结果，由于人类制造的光线问题，越来越多的鸟类如知更鸟在晚上也会唱歌，这极大地影响了鸟的健康。1According to Dr Dominoni's study，what causes robins to sing so much?AThe breeding season.BThe light in modern life.CThe dangerous environment.DThe noise from heavy machinery.答案B细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“David Dominoni，of Glasgow University，said

39、 that light from street lamps，takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clock，leading to them being wide awake.”以及第三段最后一句可知，是现代生活中的灯光使得知更鸟唱歌太多。故选择B。2What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output?AThe environment might be polluted.BThe birds

40、9; health might be damaged.CThe industry cost might be increased.DThe people's hearing might be affected.答案B细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.”可知，唱歌唱得越多，鸟类就会损耗更多的精力，它们的健康也会因此受到损害。故选择B。3What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean?AActive at night.

41、BInactive at night.CActive during the day.DInactive during the day.答案A词义猜测题。根据上文的“And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls are also being.”以及本段最后的“.they are very active at night.”可知，这里的nocturnal与前面的awake应该是近义词，意为“夜间活动的”。故选A。4Why do some birds th

42、rive in noisy environments?ABecause there are fewer dangers.BBecause there is more food to eat.CBecause there is less light pollution.DBecause there are more places to take shelter.答案A细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.”可知，它们的天敌

43、都去了更安静的地方，在这些工业区，天敌更少，也就是危险更少。VI. 完形填空The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp. And everyone was 1 , except me.“Ill hate it,” I told my parents. “Ill get homesick （想家的）. Ill look stupid at winter sports, and everyone will 2 me.”“You might be surprised, Bree,” said Mom. “Th

44、e only way to find out is to 3 .”“Its what growing up is all about,” Dad added. When 4 the camp, we were asked to share one 5 .“Im afraid Ill be homesick,” someone said.I wasnt the only one! I began to 6 . After lunch, we were asked to ski （滑雪）down to the field. I skied 7 ,but I still hit a piece of

45、 ice and 8 .“Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I 9 to see who was making fun of me. To my10 , I saw a girl in the same awkward （尴尬的） position I was in. “I thought Id be bad at this,11 Im worse than I expected!” she said.12 , I started laughing too. After being so13 of falling, it was a

46、comfort not to fear it anymore.At dinnertime, I was so happy to be talking about interesting things that I14 to feel homesick.The next day, I was15 to try ski jumping first, even though I didn't want to. But when my feet left the ground, I felt I was16 and it was wonderful.Maybe Dad was right when he said “You might17 it if you give it a chance!”Maybe the kind of18 Mom and Dad were talking about had