《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》必修第一册 Unit4 Natural disasters【真题模拟练C卷】（适合浙江地区）（解析版）.docx

《《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》必修第一册 Unit4 Natural disasters【真题模拟练C卷】（适合浙江地区）（解析版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》必修第一册 Unit4 Natural disasters【真题模拟练C卷】（适合浙江地区）（解析版）.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、必修第一册 Unit4 Natural disasters真题模拟练（时间：100分钟 分值：120分）第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe United States has more tornadoes (龙卷风) than any other country in the world.In a normal year there are 800 or 1,000 tornadoes.Most happen in the middle part of the c

2、ountry.Tornadoes form when warm and cool air meet.In the Midwest，the warm air from the Gulf of Mexico often meets the cold air from Canada.The usual tornado season is March through May.Tornadoes form most often in the afternoon and early evening.There is often no warning of a tornado.People who live

3、 in the Midwest know the signs of tornado activity.The sky becomes dark，often a greenish color.Dark clouds appear in the sky and there is often a large hail (冰雹)Suddenly，there is a loud sound，like a train or a jet plane.Sometimes，two，three，five，ten or more tornadoes can form over a large area.This t

4、ype of tornado activity hit Oklahoma and Kansas in May 1999.The day was stormy，with heavy thunderstorms in the afternoon.As the storms continued，tornadoes began to form.Dozens of tornadoes hit towns and neighborhoods in Oklahoma，then in Kansas.Some stayed on the ground for several hours，destroying e

5、verything they touched.The tornadoes killed 43 people and injured 600 others.They destroyed thousands of homes and businesses.In some areas，not one home stood.In other areas，the tornadoes destroyed every home on the left side of the street，but didnt touch any homes on the right side.The tornadoes li

6、fted people and cars into the air and then threw them back down to earth.So it is important to know where to hide and how to protect yourself in the face of a tornado.21What can we learn about tornadoes in America？AThey may appear in groups.BThey usually happen in the summer.CThere are more tornadoe

7、s in the Eastern States.DThere are more than 1,000 tornadoes every year.22The tornadoes that hit Oklahoma and Kansas in May 1999 Atook place at the same timeBwere the biggest in historyCcame and went quicklyDbrought death and destruction23What will the author most probably talk about next？ATornado d

8、angers and warning signs.BHow to stay safe during a tornado.CDifferent kinds of tornadoes.DHow a tornado forms.答案：21-23：ADB解析：文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就发生在美国的龙卷风进行了简单的介绍。21.A.细节理解题。由第二段中的最后一句“Sometimes, two, three, five, ten or more tornadoes can form over a large area.”可知，这些龙卷风有可能会成群出现。故选A项。22.D.解析：细节理解题。

9、由末段中的“destroying everything.600 others”可知，D项正确。23.B.解析：推理判断题。由末段中最后的“So it is important to know where to hide and how to protect yourself in the face of a tornado.”可知，作者接下来很可能谈论在龙卷风来临时如何保护自己，故选B项。BAmericans are worried about new technology. They are concerned that machines, including robots, will ta

10、ke over work now done by humans.These findings come from a new report by the Pew Research Center of Washington DC.About 75 percent of Americans questioned by Pew said  automation will increase income inequality between the rich and the middle class and the poor. And 64 percent of people  e

11、xpect automation to be so common in America that people will face difficulty finding things to do with their lives.Some of the concerns about technology come from a distrust about whether machines will always make the right decision. Many Americans believe humans have better judgment in dealing with

12、 complex matters.  One example is selecting a person for a job. Three quarters of Americans said they would not want to apply for a job that uses a computer program to choose the most qualified person.Most Americans want the government to limit automation. For example, 87 percent support a requ

13、irement that all driverless vehicles have a human in the driver's seat who can take control when needed. And 85 percent want to limit machines to mostly doing jobs that are dangerous or unhealthy for humans. And only 25 percent expect more jobs to come from automation, Pew said.Mark Zu

14、ckerberg, the cofounder of Facebook, spoke last May to graduating seniors from Harvard University in Massachusetts. His talk centered on the uncertain future facing young people, “Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like selfdriving cars and trucks，”

15、Zuckerberg told the graduates.Zuckerberg said young people will have to find projects that will bring both jobs and direct benefits to the people of the world. He said in his speech that 300, 000 people worked to put a man on the moon, and millions of people built the Hoover Dam as well as other gre

16、at projects over the last 100 years.24What do Americans think of technology?AUseful. BEffective. CDangerous. DUndependable.25What did Zuckerberg encourage the students to do?ARefuse selfdriving vehicles. BCreate new job chances.CConsider large projects. DFight against robots.26Which of the following

17、 can be the best title for the text?ANew Technology Creates More JobsBNew Technology Makes New UnfairnessCAmericans Worry Robots Will Take JobsDRobots Make Work Easy to Do for Workers答案：24-26：DBC【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国人担心随着科技发展机器人会抢走工作岗位，增加富人、中产阶级和穷人之间的收入差距，主张政府限制自动化。24.D.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Americans are worri

18、ed  about  new  technology.”，第二段中的“About 75 percent of Americans questioned.the middle class and the poor.”，第三段中的“Some of the concerns.make the right decision.”及第四段中的“Most  Americans want the government to limit automation.”等信息可知美国人对科技的态度，即他们担心新技术带来的变化，认为自动化将加大富人、中产阶级和穷人之间的收入差距，主

19、张限制自动化。由以上观点可以看出美国人认为科技是不可信赖的。故选D。C 25. B推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容尤其是最后一段中的“young people will have to find projects that will bring both jobs and.”可知，Zuckerberg认为年轻人必须面对许多工作自动化的现实，并鼓励学生寻找一些能带来工作机会的项目。故选B。26. C 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的 “Americans are worried about new technology.will take over work now done by humans.”和下

20、面各段中心句可知，美国人担心随着科技发展机器人会抢走人类的工作岗位，增加富人、中产阶级和穷人之间的收入差距。Americans Worry Robots Will Take Jobs概括了全文内容，适合作为文章标题。故选C。 CCalifornia has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor.The number of trees larger than two fee

21、t across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees

22、has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressi

23、ve wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources.But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees

24、 that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparis

25、on with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to

26、 the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.27.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B.The increasing variety of California big trees.C.The distribution of big trees in California forests

27、.D.The influence of farming on big trees in California.28.Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A.Ecological studies of forests.B.Banning woodcutting.C.Limiting housing development.D.Fire control measures.29.What is a major cause of the water shortage according to M

28、clntyre?A.Inadequate snowmelt.B.A longer dry season.C.A warmer climate.D.Dampness of the air.30.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonC.Why Are the Big Trees Important to Calif

29、ornia Forests?D.Patrick Mclntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California答案：27-30 ADCA解析：27.A 主旨大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故A项正确。28.D 推理判断题。文章第三段提到了造成加利福尼亚州的大树 减少的三个因素：woodcutters, housing development 与 aggressive wildfire control。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制 住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素控制野火的措施使得加 利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资

30、源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，这是好的，实则对大树不利，故D项正确（好心办坏事）。29.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的".the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures." 可知，水不足的主要原因就是气温升高（rising temperatures),即 更加温暖的气候，故C正确。30.A标题归纳题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段就点出主题： California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s

31、。 后面具体分析 了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，A项作为 标题最合适。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。  Earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.    If you&#

32、39;re inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. _ Drop to the ground. Get under something that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a comer formed by two walls with your arms

33、 over your head. If you're in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.    _ Don't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses

34、(立交桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. _    If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. _ Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuer

35、s can find you.    Be prepared for after shocks. _ However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe place after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.A.Don't move about or kick up dust.B.If you're outs

36、ide, go to an open space.C.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.D.Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.E.Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building.F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.G.Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go

37、out.答案：- GBDCF解析：根据空前的两句可知,发生地震时最危险的事情之一是试图从建筑物里逃出来,因此此空应介绍这样做的后果,即容易受伤.故选G.根据空后的under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings 可知这里说的是室外的情况,因此设空处的内容应该是:要是在室外,去一个宽阔的地方.故选B.前面谈论的是驾驶时发生地震需要如何做,此空承接上句,应该说明不要把车停在树下或高大的物体下面.故选D.本段主要谈论的是如果被困在废墟中该如何做.根据空前的Don't shout. 可知后一句应该是解释大声喊会带来什么后果

38、,故选C.根据空后的However, sometimes they even happen months later. 可知前面要说的是余震可能会在地震后几小时内发生,故选F.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp. And everyone was 1 , except me.“Ill hate it,” I told

39、my parents. “Ill get homesick （想家的）. Ill look stupid at winter sports, and everyone will 2 me.”“You might be surprised, Bree,” said Mom. “The only way to find out is to 3 .”“Its what growing up is all about,” Dad added. When 4 the camp, we were asked to share one 5 .“Im afraid Ill be homesick,” some

40、one said.I wasnt the only one! I began to 6 . After lunch, we were asked to ski （滑雪）down to the field. I skied 7 ,but I still hit a piece of ice and 8 .“Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I 9 to see who was making fun of me. To my10 , I saw a girl in the same awkward （尴尬的） position I was

41、 in. “I thought Id be bad at this,11 Im worse than I expected!” she said.12 , I started laughing too. After being so13 of falling, it was a comfort not to fear it anymore.At dinnertime, I was so happy to be talking about interesting things that I14 to feel homesick.The next day, I was15 to try ski j

42、umping first, even though I didn't want to. But when my feet left the ground, I felt I was16 and it was wonderful.Maybe Dad was right when he said “You might17 it if you give it a chance!”Maybe the kind of18 Mom and Dad were talking about had more to do with my outlook （态度）than my looks. We all1

43、9 fitting in and failing when we try20 things. Sometimes youre got to fall on your face to discover how much youve got in common.1. A. strangeB. sadC. nervousD. excited2. A. speak toB. wait forC. laugh atD. talk about3. A. tryB. dreamC. changeD. move4. A. searching forB. returning toC. making upD. a

44、rriving at5. A. storyB. fearC. purposeD. fact6. A. eatB. askC. relaxD. sleep7. A. carefullyB. interestinglyC. finallyD. quickly8. A. went outB. gave upC. ran awayD. fell down9. A. walked aroundB. stood upC. looked backD. stepped over10. A. shameB. surpriseC. pleasureD. regret11. A. butB. soC. becaus

45、eD. or12. A. QuietlyB. HopefullyC. UnhappilyD. Suddenly13. A. tiredB. proudC. certainD. afraid14. A. failedB. refused C forgotD. stopped15. A. preparedB. chosenC. protectedD. allowed16. A. flyingB. cryingC. learningD. dying17. A. preventB. trustC. discoverD. enjoy18. A. winning backB. showing offC.

46、growing upD. working out19. A. catch upB. worry aboutC. believe inD. point out20. A. newB. easyC. right D. popular【文章大意】在成长过程中我们或许会害怕尝试新事物，或许会害怕失败，然而，这些都是成长的必经阶段。在此过程中，我们需要以积极向上的态度来面对这一切。1. D 根据该空后的except me和Ill hate it可知，作者不想去冬令营，然而其他人都很“兴奋（excited）”。故选D。2. C 根据前半句 Ill look stupid at winter sports

47、可知，由于不擅长冬季运动项目，作者害怕别人会“笑话（laugh at）”她。故选C。3. A 作者的妈妈鼓励作者自己去“尝试（try）”。故选A。4. D 根据文章首句中的 the coming trip at a winter camp 可知，此处指“到达（arriving at）”营地。故选D。5. B 根据下一句中的Im afraid Ill be homesick可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事（fear）”。故选B。6. C 作者一开始担心自己会想家，担心会被别人笑话，因此听到别人说想家时，她开始“放心（relax）”了。故选C。7. A 根据上文中的 Ill look stupid a

48、t winter sports 可知，由于作者不擅长冬季体育运动，因此她“小心翼翼地（carefully）”滑雪。故选 A。8. D 根据该空前的I still hit a piece of ice可知，作者撞到一块冰上，“摔倒了（fell down）”。故选D。9. C 根据上一句 Behind me, somebody started laughing 可知，有人在作者身后发出笑声，因此作者“朝身后看去（looked back）”，想知道究竟是谁在笑。故选C。10. B 根据该空后的 I saw a girl in the same awkward position I was in可知，作者原本以为有人在笑她，然而令她“诧异（sur