专题04 动词的时态和语态 第4讲 -被动语态---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（测）（教师版）.docx

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1、专题04动词的时态和语态 第4讲被动语态时间 ：50分钟 满分：50分姓名_ 得数_I.语法填空（15分）（2021·江苏淮安市·高三模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Waste Management BoomingSeveral sculptures made from cans, tires and plastic bottles1(display) around a recyclable transfer center in Shanghai last year. The idea of making sculptures wi

2、th trash is to make people aware that trash can be useful when2(sort) properly. It was in 2018,3President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of trash classification, that the initiative (倡议) started to get on the fast track. The question “What kind of trash are you (carrying)?” became a popular jo

3、ke when Shanghai enforced a law that household waste is required to be sorted4four categories: recyclables, kitchen, hazardous (危险的) and residual waste.5many people doubted it initially, the trash sorting program has achieved great success. Moreover, in the6(propose) for the 14th Five-Year Plan (202

4、1-2025), the Central Committee said the country should accelerate the building of waste recycling systems. Besides the efforts made by the government, many companies are entering the trash separation and recycling market. Huazhan Environment,7high-tech company in Jiangsu province, launched a new bra

5、nd, Mr. Cat in English, selling intelligent trash stations and bins to communities.8 (equip) with cameras, sensors and screens, the smart trash stations are9(interact) and help people10(reasonable) deal with different kinds of trash. They can also alert waste transportation companies when bins are f

6、ull.【答案】1were displayed2sorted3when4into5Though/Although6proposal7a8Equipped9interactive10reasonably【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以上海的垃圾分类为例，介绍了废物处理的蓬勃发展。1.考查时态。句意：去年，在上海的一个回收中心周围展出了几件由易拉罐、轮胎和塑料瓶制成的雕塑。分析可知，设空处在句中为谓语，根据句中last year可知需要用一般过去时。句子主语several sculptures和动词display为动宾关系，所以用被动语态。故填were displayed。2.考查状语从句的省略。句

7、意：用垃圾做雕塑的想法是让人们意识到垃圾在正确分类的情况下是有用的。在时间状语从句中，当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句用到be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词。本句中， when(sort) properly为省略的状语从句，主语为trash，trash和sort为动宾关系，其完整句式为： when trash is sorted properly，此处省略了trash和is，故填sorted。3.考查定语从句。句意：2018年，习近平主席强调了垃圾分类的重要性，垃圾分类工作开始走上快车道。分析可知，President Xi Jinping emphasized th

8、e importance of trash classification为非限制性定语从句，先行词为in 2018，在从句中充当时间状语，所以填关系副词when。故填when。4.考查介词。句意：当上海实施了一项法律，规定家庭垃圾必须分为四类：可回收垃圾、厨房垃圾、有害垃圾和残留垃圾时“你（拿的）是什么垃圾? ”这个问题成了一个流行的笑话。sort into“把分成”，为固定短语。故填into。5.考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管许多人最初对此表示怀疑，但垃圾分类计划取得了巨大的成功。分析句中many people doubted it initially, the trash sorting p

9、rogram has achieved great success可知，逗号后与前文的意义表示转折，所以此处为让步状语从句，故填Though/Although。6.考查名词。句意：此外，在第 14个五年计划（2021-2025）的倡议书中，中央委员会表示，国家应该加快垃圾回收系统的建设。根据设空前的定冠词the，可知此处要用名词。动词propose，意为“建议”，其名词形式为proposal，此处特指第14个五年计划的倡议书，用单数名词。故填proposal。7.考查冠词。句意：华展环境，一家江苏省的高科技公司，推出了一个新品牌，英文版的猫先生，向社区出售智能垃圾站和垃圾箱。company为可

10、数名词，此处指一家高科技公司，表示泛指，且high-tech的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：智能垃圾站配有摄像头、传感器和屏幕，可以互动，帮助人们合理地处理各种各样的垃圾。分析可知，(equip) with cameras在句中为状语，equip和逻辑主语为the smart trash stations为动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词。故填Equipped。9.考查形容词。句意同上。根据设空前的系动词are可知，此处要用形容词。动词interact，意为“交往，互动”，其形容词形式为interactive，故填interactive。10.考查副词。

11、句意同上。根据设空后的动词短语deal with，可知此处要用副词来修饰动词，故填reasonably。II.应用文写作（10分）（2021·山东淄博市·高三三模）假如你是李华，你的外教 Linda 对中国书法(calligraphy)很感兴趣。2021年5月30日，城市文化中心将举行一个书法文化交流活动，请给她写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1. 时间、地点；2. 活动的内容：看展览、听讲座等；3. 活动的意义。注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Linda,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Linda,Knowi

12、ng that you have a preference for Chinese calligraphy, I am writing to invite you to the calligraphy cultural exchange activity scheduled on May 30th in the City Culture Center. All the people present will have chances to enjoy an exhibition of Chinese traditional calligraphy and experience writing

13、in the flesh. Besides, there will be a lecture addressed by a famous calligrapher, which will help you have a deep insight into Chinese classical culture. Your presence is highly expected. Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Linda写一封邀请信，邀请她参加2021年5月30日于城市文化中心将举行的一个书法文化交流活动。1.词汇积累机会：chances op

14、portunities欣赏：enjoyadmire著名的：famouswell-known深刻的：deep profound2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：All the people present will have chances to enjoy an exhibition of Chinese traditional calligraphy and experience writing in the flesh.同义句：All the people who are present will have opportunities to enjoy an exhibition of Chin

15、ese traditional calligraphy and experience writing in person.【点睛】高分句型1 Knowing that you have a preference for Chinese calligraphy, I am writing to invite you to the calligraphy cultural exchange activity scheduled on May 30th in the City Culture Center. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)高分句型2 Besides, there w

16、ill be a lecture addressed by a famous calligrapher, which will help you have a deep insight into Chinese classical culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)III读后续写 （25分）（2021·广东实验中学高三月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Fathers Day ChessIt was Dale's third Sunday volunteering at the retirement hom

17、e. He had thought it would be a good way to give back. But today he just felt tired. While on a short break, Dale took a walk through the garden. There were people sitting on benches, chatting together. A woman sat knitting, looking very pleased with herself. The strands of brightly-colored yarn dis

18、appeared quickly through her hands.Across the courtyard, there was a man sitting alone at a table with a chessboard in front of him. Dale watched with curiosity as the man would stare at the pieces, then move them, and then would do the same from the other side of the board. On his way home after th

19、e day had ended, Dale found himself thinking about the man. How he was hunched over in deep thought, playing a game against himself. How odd, he thought.Each Sunday, Dale would see the man doing the same thing. While everyone else talked with one another or happily carried on, the man would sit, sli

20、ghtly bent over and scratching his chin. His eyes rarely came off of the chessboard. One Sunday, Dale went to the garden on his break expecting to see the man at his normal spot. But he wasn't there. It was Father's Day and there were many visitors at the home. Dale shrugged and thought the

21、man must be busy with his family.That afternoon, Dale was mopping the hallways when he happened to pass by the man's room. The door was slightly open and he could see the man sitting in a chair next to the window, peering out at the courtyard. Dale knocked lightly and asked to come in.The man no

22、dded. Dale saw a collection of framed photographs on the bedside table. “Are those your children?” he asked.“Yes, theyre all grown and live far away. They have their own kids now,” he replied. Dale, not wanting the man to be alone on Father's Day, had an idea.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置

23、作答。Para. 1: He went outside and got the chessboard from the table._Para. 2: Dale was glad that he volunteered._【答案】Para. 1:He went outside and got the chessboard from the table. “Shall we play chess together?" The man hesitated. He stared at the chessboard sinking into his thoughts. It took a w

24、hile before the old man finally shared his thoughts with Dale. In the past, he often played chess with his children, which were some of his fondest memories. However, they all died because of a car accident and the old man has been alone ever since. "Sorry, I lied to you," the man choked,

25、eyes brimming with tears. “Thank you for your kind help.”Para. 2:Dale was glad that he volunteered. Deeply touched, he now understood why the man preferred to play chess alone, and why he sat silently in his room on Father's Day. He carefully placed all the pieces on the chessboard and said, &qu

26、ot;Sir, I'm sorry for your loss. But as you may notice, I come here every Sunday. If you wish, you can play chess with me, as you did with your children. A flicker of a smile crossed the mans face. Taking a deep breath, he settled himself opposite to Dale and moved a piece.【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Dale

27、在养老院做志愿者时注意到了一个孤独的父亲，每天都在下棋，他还发现这个人一个人过父亲节。于是这天Dale主动提出和老人下棋，老人告诉了Dale自己的孩子因为车祸去世的事情，最后Dale提出每周都可以和他下棋。1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“他走到外面，从桌上拿起棋盘。”可知，第一段可描写老人告诉Dale自己孩子去世的遭遇。由第二段首句内容“Dale很高兴他做了志愿者。”可知，第二段可描写Dale得知真相后的心理活动以及Dale提出每周都可以和老人下棋。2.续写线索：Dale拿起棋盘老人告知自己经历Dale高兴自己当了志愿者Dale提出陪老人下棋3.词汇激活行为类陷入沉思：sinking into

28、 his thoughts / be lost in thought去世：die/ pass away坐下：settled himself opposite to / sit down情绪类高兴：glad / happy最爱的：fondest / favorite【点睛】高分句型1 In the past, he often played chess with his children, which were some of his fondest memories. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Deeply touched, he now understood why the man preferred to play chess alone, and why he sat silently in his room on Father's Day. (运用了why引导宾语从句)