专题06-谓语动词（原卷版）-备战2022年新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过.docx

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1、考点06 谓语动词（原卷版）【命题趋势】动词的时态、语态和语气是高考中的重中之重，也是英语句子结构的核心。英语句子的灵动性很大程度上体现在动词的各种变化上，因此谓语动词的时态、语态、语气的运用三位一体，不可分割。在语法填空题型中，时态和语态是考查的热点。在备考过程中应该对谓语动词变化的各种情况都能够了如指掌。可以预测，未来高考仍然会以考查时态为主，但考查形式会更多地结合语态和语气等形式，越来越侧重在语境中考查动词的时态、语态和语气，所以要求考生首先要掌握时态、语态和语气的基本用法，同时在所设置的语境中根据所给信息进行判断。也就是说，考生应学会通过上下文来确定所用时态、语态和语气。【重要考向】一

2、、一般时态；二、进行时态；三、完成时态；四、高考涉及的其他时态；五、被动语态考向一 一般时态【典例】【2021全国甲卷语法填空】We_ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. 【一般时态提分秘籍】1一般现在时 (1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。 常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，sometimes，usuall

3、y， every day/night等连用。 (2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。只限于go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come等动词。 (3)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中， 用一般现在时表示将来。 Around two oclock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat bothers us.每天晚上两点左右，苏就 说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。 If it doesnt rain，well go on a picnic as plan

4、ned. 如果不下雨，我们将按计划去野餐。 Whatever you say，I will not change my mind. 无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。 The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.飞机每周三、周五2：30起飞。 2一般过去时 表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系或表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作， 常 与 every day，often，sometimes等时间状语连用。 Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? 好长时间没

5、见你了！你去哪里了？ I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year，teaching as a volunteer. 我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，作为一名志愿者教学。 3一般将来时 (1)“shall/will动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动 作或存在的状态。“will动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。 (2)“be going to动词原形”表示现在打算或计划将 来 要做的事情；表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事情。 (3)“be to动词原形”表示预先安排好的计划或约定；表示说话人的意志、意图、指责、义务、命令等；表示

6、注定要发生的事情。 (4)“be about to动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事， 该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。 What time is it? 几点了？ I have no idea.But just a minute，I will check it for you. 我不知道。但是等一会儿，我给你查一下。 Mr.Li was ill in hospital. 李老师生病住院了。 Oh，I didnt know.Ill go to see him tonight. 哦，我还不知道呢。我今晚去看他。 I am to meet Mr.Brown at eleven oclock t

7、his morning. 我要在今天上午11点见布朗先生。 I was about to go out when it began to rain. 我正要外出，这时开始下雨了。 考向二 进行时态【典例】【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】You probably _ (use) caffeine since childhood. 【进行时态提分秘籍】1现在进行时 (1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。 (2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常限于go，come,leave，start，arrive，return，work，sleep，stay，ha

8、ve， wear等表示移动、方向的动词。 (3)表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等(常与always，constantly，continually等副词连用)。 2过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作，常同表示过去的时间状语从句以及at that time，at that moment，at this time yesterday，at ten oclock yesterday等连用。 She was phoning someone，so I nodded to her and went away. 她正在跟别人打电话，因此我朝她点了点头就走开了。 3将来进行时 表

9、示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示要从将来某一时刻开始，并继续下去的动作。 Daniels family will be enjoying their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. 丹尼尔一家人下星期这个时候将在黄山度假。 考向三 完成时态【典例】【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】By about 6000 BC, people _（discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 【完成时态提分秘籍】1现在完成时 (1)表示发生在过去而对现在仍有影响的动作，常用的时间 状语：alre

10、ady，just，yet，never，before，lately，recently，in the last(past) few years，up to now，so far等。 (2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态，常与for,since等表示一段时间的状语连用。 (3)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。 (4)This/It is the first/second.timethat从句，that从句 中 谓语要用现在完成时。 (5)It(This)is the best(worst，most interesting等)名词定语从句，从句中的谓语用现在完成时

11、。 Have you heard about the recent election? 你听说过近期的选举吗？ Sure，it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days. 当然了，它是近来三天新闻中唯一的事情了。 It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.这是我自从到这个学校以来所参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。 This is the first time that we have seen a

12、 film in the cinema together as a family. 这是第一次我们一家人去电影院看电影。 I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.除非我亲眼看到，否则我不会相信你的。 2过去完成时 (1)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即过去的过去。 (2)表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作，常用的时间 状 语：by then，by that time，by the end of，by the time句子等。 (3)表示“愿望、打算”的动词(如hop

13、e，want，expect， think，mean，suppose，plan，intend)用于过去完成时表示 过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。 (4)在“hardly(scarcely).when.”，“no sooner.than.” 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一就”。 Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she had seen most of the guests before.索菲娅环视了所有的面庞，她有印象绝大多数的客人以前她都见过。 He was unhap

14、py when he sold his guitar.After all，he had had it for a very long time. 他把自己的吉他卖掉时并不高兴。毕竟，他拥有这把吉他已经很长时间了。 I had intended to call on you，but I had an unexpected visitor. 我本来打算去看你，但是来了一位不速之客。 By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college. 杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 Hardly

15、/No sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.我刚到家，大雨就倾盆而下了。 3将来完成时 表示在将来某个时间之前完成的动作，并且往往对将来某一时间产生影响。常用时间状语为“by将来某个时间”。 By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour. 等到史密斯先生到达超市时，我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。 考向四 高考涉及的其他时态【典例】【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】In fact, he _ (

16、surprise) people since the beginning of his career.【其他时态提分秘籍】1过去将来时 表示从过去某时间看将要发生的事情，多用于宾语从句中。 He hoped that he would be given a more suitable job in 2016. K他希望在2016年能得到更合适的工作。 2现在完成进行时(have/has been doing) 表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续 到现在,并有可能继续下去,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。 Since the time humankind started

17、 gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful. 自从人类开始园艺技术的时候起，我们就一直在努力让我们 的环境变得更加美丽。 The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. 自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人如何改善这一方案。 3过去完成进行时(had been doing) 表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续到过去某一时刻，这一动作可能已经停止也可能还在进行。 She told

18、 me that she had been studying French for 5 years. xk/w她告诉我她已经学习法语5年了。(动作仍继续) She told me that she had been waiting for me for an hour. 她告诉我她已经等我一个钟头了。(动作不再继续) 考向五 被动语态【典例】【2021全国甲卷语法填空】It _ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【被动语态提分

19、秘籍】1被动语态的构成为“be过去分词”，只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态，除be外被动语态的构 成 形式还有：get/become过去分词。 2只要及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态,不及物动词或短语无被动语态。常考的不及物动词或短语： last，cost，spread，happen(to)，take place，belong to， break out，go out，run out，work out。 3主动形式表示被动含义 (1) 表示感受、感官的系动词如feel，sound，taste，look等,后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 (2

20、) 当sell，read，draw，wash，write，open，wear，run， burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主 语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽力履行好自己的职责。 So what is the procedure? 那么程序是什么样？ All the applicants are interviewed before a f

21、inal decision is made by the authority. 所有的应征者都被面试后官方才作出最后的决定。 Food supplies in the floodstricken area are running out.We must act immediately before theres none left. 洪水灾区的食品即将用完。 我们必须在他们用完之前采取措施。 Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。 His books sell well，so they will be sold soon. 他的书很畅销，因此很快就会

22、卖光。 1.【2021全国新高考卷语法填空】You cant help wondering how hard it_ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 2.【2021浙江卷语法填空】It is calculated by dividing a persons weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _ (consider) healthy.3.【2021浙江卷语法填空】The study fo

23、und that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain _ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.4.【2020全国卷语法填空】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器) the name was insp

24、ired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.5.【2020全国卷语法填空】This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,because it 67._ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68._ (construct).6.【2

25、020全国卷语法填空】They represent the earth _ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.7.【2020全国卷语法填空】The artist was sure he would _ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. 8.【2020全国卷语法填空】When he asked the villagers on the banks of t

26、he river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and _ (point) down the river.9.【2020新高考全国卷语法填空】The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _（form）the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 10.【2020新高考全国卷语法填空】The parts of a museum open to the

27、 public_（call）galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.11.【2020新高考全国卷语法填空】Often, only a small part of a museum's collection _（be）on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. 12.【2020浙江卷7

28、月语法填空】And, as more children were born, more food_（need）. 13.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】New methods_（mean）that fewer people worked in farming. 14.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】Something significant is happening to the world population it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 _ (be) 30 today it is 41 and is exp

29、ected to increase to 42 by 2050. 15.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】However, greater attention should _ (place) on longevity (长寿). 16.【2019全国卷语法填空】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. 17.【201

30、9全国卷语法填空】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.18.【2019全国卷语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene _（declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,

31、"I don't see any reason to give up work. "19.【2019全国卷语法填空】I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _（make） over the years. 20.【2019全国卷语法填空】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _（recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. 21.【2019全国卷语法填空】On the last

32、 day of our week-long stay，we _（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.22.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 23.【2019浙江卷6

33、月语法填空】One study in America found that students' grades _ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 24.【2018全国卷语法填空】While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 25.【2018全国卷语法填空】Si

34、nce 2011, the country _ (grow) more corn than rice. 26.【2018全国卷语法填空】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government _ (start) a soil testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 27.【201

35、8全国卷语法填空】When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _ (mean)me no real harm. 28.【2018浙江卷6月语法填空】I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I_ (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cook

36、ed once in all that time. 29.【2018浙江卷6月语法填空】While regularly eating out seems to _ (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. 30.【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】Caffeine _ (be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine.31.【2017全国卷语法填空】When fat and s

37、alt _ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 32.【2017全国卷语法填空】Fast food _ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.33.【2017全国卷语法填空】Steam engines 65._ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been

38、 66._ (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.34.【2017全国卷语法填空】Later, engineers_ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. 35.【2017全国卷语法填空】Sarah _ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dolla

39、rs in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. 36.【2017全国卷语法填空】My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school _ (come) first. 37.【2017浙江卷11月语法填空】This isn't as hard as it _ (sound), and it is far better than any other method becaus

40、e you improve your vocabulary while reading an interesting piece of literature.38.【2017浙江卷语法填空】Pahlsson and her husband _ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it. 39.【2017浙江卷语法填空】Pahlsson and her h

41、usband now think the ring probably got _ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.1.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】It_ (go) on to say that almost half of all museums reported an annual increase i

42、n visitor numbers.2.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】In 2017, a survey _ (conduct) to find out how funding cuts affected museums. 3.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三仿真】I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _ (make) over the years. 4.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】As the saying goes, “A hero _ (know) in the time of m

43、isfortune”. Zhong Nanshan is a hero like this.5.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】In 2003, SARS_ (break)out in Guangdong. 6.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】For centuries, this simple counting device (设备) _ (pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose actually unchanged.7.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The

44、Mingsha Mountain _ (locate) in Dunhuang city in western China.8.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The spring, which looks like a crescent moon (新月), _ (exist) for thousands of years, and has never dried up.9.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The spring, which looks like a crescent moon (新月), has existed for thousands of year

45、s, and has never dried up. The formation and continuous existence of the Crescent Spring _ (be) all related to its geographic location. 10.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】The newly completed section from the Daxing Airport to Xiongan _ (allow) a speed of 350 kilometers per hour. 11.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】The 42,000 squa

46、re-meter railway station _ (shape) like a dewdrop (水滴)on a lotus leaf and is covered with photovoltaic materials. 12.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】But it didn't take long for Wu Lei to fit in after he _ (move) from Shanghai SIPG to Spanish club Espanyol at the end of January.13.【福建省福州一中2021届高三调研】"The wild elephants get annoyed if they 40. _ (disturb)," one of the employees Chen Jiming says. Chen 41._ (take) care of wild elephants f