精品解析：2018年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（天津卷）（原卷版）.doc

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1、绝密启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第I卷注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：

2、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better.A. or B. and C. but D. while答案是B。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1.【2018·天津】Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?_. She will be here in about tw

3、enty minutes.A. All rightB. Don't worryC. No wonderD. Enjoy yourself2.【2018·天津】Kae, _sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. her3.(2018·天津) At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he _ as she

4、 was so confidence about her skills.A gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up4.【2018·天津】Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend _they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB. as ifC. even thoughD. so that5.【2018·天津】I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could

5、help._. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.A You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kidding6.【2018·天津】The_ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation7.【2018·天津】I need a n

6、ew passport so I will have to have my photographs_.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take8.【2018·天津】It took him a long time to_ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test9.(2018·天津）The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycle

7、 race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever10.(2018·天津) I can't find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left11.【2018·天津】Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write

8、a report, but he went _.A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random12.【2018·天津】I didn't mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it.A. to eat；to tryB. eating；tryingC. eating；to tryD. to eat； trying13.My washing machine _this week, so I have to wash my clothes

9、 by hand.A. was repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired14.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where15.【2018·天津】If we _the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had

10、 caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own _16_I learned this lesson from a(n) _17_ many years ago. I took the head _18_ job at a school in Baxley, Geo

11、rgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the _19_ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didnt even practice to _20_ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we

12、 were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldnt _21_ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to _22_ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were _23_ me. I had to change my _24_ about their ability and potential.I started d

13、oing anything I could to help them build a little _25_. Most important, I began to treat them like _26_. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their _27_, we met every day and _28_ passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our _29_ on the spring practice field, we won our first

14、 game and our second, and continued to _30_. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a _31_ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasnt what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest _32_ of my life！From the experience I le

15、arnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can _33_ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and _34_ them. I helped them to see themselves _35_, and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made, but born.16. A. luckB. testsC. effortsD. nature17. A. experiment

16、B. experienceC. visitD. show18. A. operatingB. editingC. consultingD. coaching19. A. successfulB. excellentC. strongD. new20. A. cheer forB. prepare forC. help withD. finish with21. A. believeB. agreeC. describeD. regret22. A. realizeB. claimC. permitD. demand23. A. reacting toB. looking forC. depen

17、ding onD. caring about24. A. decisionB. attitudeC. conclusionD. intention25. A. prideB. cultureC. fortuneD. relationship26. A. leadersB. partnersC. winnersD. learners27. A. rewardsB. vacationsC. healthD. honor28. A. riskedB. missedC. consideredD. practiced29. A. defeatB. declineC. accidentD. mistake

18、30. A. relaxB. improveC. expandD. defend31. A. shameB. burdenC. victoryD. favor32. A. chancesB. thrillsC. concernsD. offers33. A. surpriseB. serveC. interestD. affect34. A. encouragedB. observedC. protectedD. impressed35. A. honestlyB. individuallyC. calmlyD. differently第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题； 每小题2. 5分，满分5

19、0分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educ

20、ational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stati

21、ons and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your re

22、sidence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:·Take your room key and ID close and lock the door to your room.·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire Ext

23、inguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire

24、 extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on

25、. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.36. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?

26、A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and

27、sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations38. In a fire drill, the students should _.A. rush quickly to a liftB gather at the nearest exit.C. shut the door and leave at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39. What do we know about the use of fire

28、extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.40. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_.A. contact the hall staff

29、regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is workingBWhen I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a

30、museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. ""Oh, stop. There it is!”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people s

31、itting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the ha

32、ll seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking hi

33、s head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street." "Whats this place?” I asked, still confused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately! ""There's some really good stuff(艺术作

34、品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long th

35、ey let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you

36、ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.""That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You t

37、hought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you."41. What do we know about Marian McNay?A. She was a painter.B. She was a community leader.C. She was a museum director.D. She was a journalist.42. Why did the author refuse the help from t

38、he man in the house?A. She disliked people who were nosy.B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C. She knew more about art than the man.D. She mistook him for a tour guide.43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A. Puzzled.B. Concerned.C. Frightened.D. Deli

39、ghted.44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D. The event happening in the house was more sign

40、ificant.45. What could we learn from the last paragraph?A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.B. People should spend more time with their family.C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.CTheres a new frontier in 3D printing thats b

41、eginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a weddin

42、g cake. Not everybody can do that it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serve

43、s are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性）The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing c

44、ould probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food"

45、; that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutrit

46、ional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket, youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed t

47、o a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Som

48、e experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.46. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions.D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.