考点22时间和地点状语从句-备战2021年高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过.docx

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1、考点22 时间和地点状语从句【命题解读】历年高考对状语从句得考查集中在九大状语从句上，尤其是when, ,while, as等等从属连词引导的时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句上。【命题预测】预计2021年高考仍然对状语从句的考查将集中在从句的引导词上，还会结合其它考点一起考查。【复习建议】1. 掌握各种从属连词；2. 熟悉九大状语从句；3. 掌握状语从句中的省略以及常考的重点句型。作状语的句子为状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号隔开;放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等

2、。引导状语从句的连词归纳如下:从句连词时间状语从句when, while, as, whenever, till, until，before, after, by the time, the first time ，as soon as, the moment, each time, since，no sooner .than. immediately等地点状语从句where，wherever, everywhere 等条件状语从句if, unless, providing, as long as, on condition that, in case, if only等让步状语从句thoug

3、h, although, even if/even though，as, while, whatever, however, no matter +疑问词等原因状语从句because, since, as, now that, seeing that，considering that, in that, given that 等目的状语从句that, so that(为了)，lest, in case, for fear that, in order that等结果状语从句so that(因此)，so.that .suchthat.等比较状语从句方式状语从句as.as. ,than等as if

4、/as though, (just)as 等考向一 时间状语从句一、when/while/as引导的时间状语从句1. when引导的时间状语从句1. when引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词，而且可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。When you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. 当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证件。（同时）When the students heard the teachers footsteps, they all

5、atopped talking. 当学生们听到老师的脚步声时，他们都停止了讲话。（从句动作发生在前）2. when还可表示just then（正在那时，突然）的意思，此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。be about to do . when . 正要去做某事，突然be doing . when . 正在做某事，突然be on the point of doing . when . 正在做某事，突然We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要动身，突然天下起雨来。The game had hardly/scarcely/barely be

6、gun when it started raining. 比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。2. while引导的时间状语从句while表示在某一段时间里或在期间，其所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生。When the teacher paraphrased the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes. 当老师用英语解释课文时，学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。I can learn while I work. 我可以边工作边学习。4. as引导的时间状语从句as引导的时间状语从句其动词

7、的动作是延续性的，而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作交替或同时发生，译为一边，一边或随着。We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 她梳头时我们在吃早饭。It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes. 寒流一过，星期日就会有点暖意了。二、before引导的时间状语从句1、before的常见意思1). before在之前。I have finished my dissertation before my supervisor went abroad. 在我

8、的导师出国之前，我已完成了我的学位论文。Ill be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。2). before之后才。It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回来。3). before 尚未来得及  Before she could move, she heard a loud noise,&#

9、160;which grew to a terrible roar. 她还没有来得及动弹，就听见有很响的声音，接着就成了可怕的隆隆轰鸣声。  Before they reached the house, a new great wave came, sweeping down trees, and sweeping them down too. 他

10、们还没到屋子，又一个巨浪打来，冲倒了树，也冲倒了他们。  4). before 要先You should be a pupil before you become a teacher. 要当老师，先作学生。 5). before趁You should do it before it is too late. 趁现在还不算太晚，你应该赶快做它。2. 掌握热点句型用法 1

11、). it was（not）/had done一段时间before（vt-ed）还要过多久才（不多久就了）It was not long before he returned to Beijing. 不久他就回到北京。  It was long before he married Wei Fang. 过了很久他才娶魏芳。 2).it will（not）be一段时间before（一般式） 还要过多久才（不多久

12、就了）It will be long before he goes abroad. 要过很久他才出国。  3.there is +一段时间+to go（=left）before（一般式）. 在之前4.long before 不久前, 用于一般过去时和完成时中；before long = soon/not long after 不久后，用于一般将来时和一般过去时中。三、as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句as soon as 是最常见的表示一就的从属连

13、词，其他连词还有once（一旦），directly（老式英国英语），immediately（主要用于英国英语），instantly，the instant (that)，the minute(that) ，the moment(that)等，它们通常都可与as soon as换用。As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. 我们一到家，电话就响了。I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师

14、一进来，大家就静了下来。四、 hardly.when/no sooner.than引导的时间状语从句hardly/barely/scarcely.when和no sooner.than的意思是刚就，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。He had no sooner (no sooner had he) arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚一到家，就又要他出另一次差。 hardly/barely/scarcely和no sooner置于句首时，从句要倒装。No sooner had the wor

15、ds been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent. 这些话刚一出口，他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。五、since引导的时间状语从句在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时。 Weve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走了以后，这里发生了巨大的变化。【命题解读】S

16、ince引导时间状语从句时，表示“自到现在”，从句一般表示动作的起点，通常使用一般过去时； 主句表示动作的延续情况，一般使用现在完成时：Cath hasn't phoned since she went to Berlin. 卡思自从去了柏林还没有打来过电话。 It was the first time I'd had visitors since I'd moved to London. 那是我搬到伦敦以后第一次有人来看我。 How long is it since we last went to the theatre? 我们多久没去看戏了？ She had bee

17、n worrying ever since the letter arrived. 自从接到那封信后她就一直焦虑不六、till/until引导的时间状语从句till和until同义，作直到时(为止)解，till多用于非正式文体，until多用于句首。Donald will remain in college until (till) he finishes his Ph.D course. 唐纳德将留在学校直到完成他的博士学位课程。I wont go with you until (till) I finished my homework. 等我做完作业我才和你一起去。注意：not until

18、 置于句首，主句要倒装。Not until 4:00 in the morning can he fall asleep. 直到凌晨4点他才睡着。(He cant fall asleep until 4:00 in the morning.)Not until he returned did we have supper. 直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。 (We didnt have supper until he returned.)七、each time/every time等引导的时间状语从句这类连词主要有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time

19、(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次), by the time(当的时候)。如：You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。Each time I went there, I saw him working. 我每次去那儿都看见他在工作。Every time I see her I'll think of it. 每次我看到她，我就想起这事。Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。H

20、e didn't tell me the last time I saw him. 我上次见到他时他没告诉我。The first time I heard about the firm closing down was when George told me. 我最初听到公司倒闭的消息是乔治告诉我的。By the time, he was taken to the hospital he was nearly dead. 他被送到医院时已经几乎不行了。注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last

21、time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。1.（2016·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.【参考答案】as/when【答案解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮得快一点，这里是时间状语从句，when意为当的时候，后跟长动作或短动作，故填aswhen。2.（2016·四川卷&#

22、183;语法填空）The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 46 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.【参考答案】When/If 【答案解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：如果或当它哭的时候，她会前后摇动。故填When/If。(2017·北京卷·单项填空)If you dont understand something, you may research, study, a

23、nd talk to other people _ you figure it out.A. because B. though C. until D. since【参考答案】C【答案解析】A. because 因为 B. though尽管 C. until 直到 D. since自从。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习并和他人探讨直到你解决为止，根据句意可知选用until“直到”，选C。1.（2017·天津卷·完形填空）She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people

24、 42 they first saw the homeless man.A. since B. unless C. although D. as【参考答案】A【答案解析】考查连词。A. since自从B. unless除非C. although尽管D. as因为。句意：自从他们第一次看到无家可归的人，Hannah就一直在跟她的妈妈说流浪者的生活，根据句意可知选A。2.I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.A. since B. until C. before D. When【参考答案】A【答案解析

25、】考查状语从句。题干中主句谓语动词用现在完成时，从句中谓语动词用一般过去时，由题干意思可知所填词意思是：自从，因此用since引导时间状语从句。句意：自从我从国外回来后，我已经听说了很多关于你的好事。1.We need to get to the root of the problem _ we can solve it.A. whileB. afterC. beforeD. as【参考答案】C【答案解析】考查时间状语从句的连接词。句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A. while当的时候，而；B. after在之后；C. before 在之前；D. as正如。根据句意可知选C

26、。2.It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment.  A. will not be；will know B. is；will know C. will not be；know D. is；know  【参考答案】C【答案解析】句意：不会过很长一段时间我们就会知道实验结果。应使用It 

27、;was not long before的创新句型It will not be long before，before引导时间状语从句时，从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。  2.Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine 

28、;on human patients.  A. since B. after C. before D. when  【参考答案】C【答案解析】该句型也是It was not long before的创新句型。句意：科学家说也许再有5年时间这种药就可以在人类身上做实验了。考向二 地点状语从句一、where引导的地点状语从句1.从属连词where表示在（或到）的地方。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者

29、事竟成。Put it where you found it. 把它放在原来的地方。2. where 在地点状语从句中，除指地点外，还可指处境等。He said he was happy where he was. 他说他对自己的处境很满意。Its your fault that she is where she is. 她今天落到这个地步都怪你。3. 有时地点状语从句中的某些词可以省略。Fill in the blanks with the given phrases. Change the form where necessary. 用所给的短语填空，必要的地方可以改变其形式。Avoid s

30、tructure of this kind where possible. 只要可能，就要避免这种结构。4. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her. A. until B. when C. although D. where【答案】D【解析】过了半个小时，Lucy还没有在下车的地方打到的士。从句中had dropped决定不能选择A、B两项；C项不合语境。where引导状语从句表示“等的士”的地点，故D项正确。【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从

31、句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。2._ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.A. WhereB. AsC. In caseD. Now that【答案】A【解析】句意：曾经让他感到想放弃的地方，现在他决心继续前进。A那里；B尽管，当，因为，随着；C以防；D既然。where表示地点，引导让步状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tried as he ha

32、s；in case表目的；now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。二、wherever引导的地点状语从句从属连词wherever意为在（或到）的各个地方。You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days. 这些天你可以去你想去的地方。Where (Everywhere) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 专家们每到一处，都受到热烈的欢迎。【巧学妙记】状语从句口诀 §时地原因条状补， §目比结果方让步， §连词引导各不同； §主句通

33、常前面走， §连词引导紧随后， §从句若在主前头， 主从之间有个逗。In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：在全球经济中，一种治疗癌症的新药，不管在哪里被发现，都会在世界范围内创造很多的经济可能性。分析句子结构可知，空格后的主要成分完整，缺少

34、的是状语，所以wherever意为“无论哪里”，符合题意。whatever意为“无论什么”；whoever意为“无论谁”；whichever意为“无论哪个”。题组一 基础过关1. She cared more about her students than her own health. Thats why two years passed _she was treated for breast cancer.2. They will not start the work _their teacher comes back.3. More and more people are willing

35、 to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of them. I just cant help buying things _I need them or not.4. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important _I would like to introduce one kind ofgood learning habit -keep a learning diary every day.5. _the wedding ceremony began, the cou

36、ple nervously repeated their vows "We promise to love each other for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health".6. _we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.7. Earthquake safety is very important and there

37、is more to it _just keeping buildings from falling down.8. _ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.9. It is so cold that you cant go outside_ fully covered in thick clothes.10. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi_ the bus had dropped her.11. _the job takes a s

38、ignificant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.12. One can always manage to do more things, no matter _full ones schedule is in life.13. She says that shell have to close the shop _business improves.14. Two weeks before Christmas, two little girls were walking down th

39、e street _they saw old Harry,scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still dont know,题组二 能力提升单项选择1（2020·江苏高三三模）If you want to do the experiment again, you had better be more careful _ you made a mistake.AwhenBwhyCwhereDthat2（2020·江苏高三三模）Do you think the weather w

40、ill be fine this spring?No, we are fortunate. The weatherman forecasts there will be several sand storms.AifBasCthoughDunless3（2020·江苏高三三模）At the bad news, she was so sad_I had to stay here keeping her_.Athat; companionBthen; companiesCthat; companyDand; accompany4（2019·重庆南开中学高一期末）The libr

41、ary will be built _ there used to be a factory.Aat whichBwhenCwhereDas if5（2020·天津高三月考）They won the game, _ they didnt really deserve the victory.AifBthoughCbeforeDsince6（2020·江苏高三三模）When will the visas be ready, sir?_everything goes well, you should get them in 14 workdays.AAlthoughBAs fa

42、r asCUnlessDAs long as7（2020·甘肃省庆阳第一中学高一期中）It was not _ she took off her glasses _ I realized she was a famous film starAwhen; thatBuntil; that Cuntil; whenDwhen; then8（2020·佳木斯市第二中学高一期末）_，she can help Mother do housework.AAs my sister is a childBA child as my sister isCChild as is my sist

43、erDChild as my sister is9（2020·佳木斯市第二中学高一期末）Elephants usually wont attack a person _ one becomes a danger to them.AuntilBalthoughCunlessDwhen10（2020·江苏高三三模）Nowadays some parents keep their children under their wings. These helicopter parents even protect their children from the knowledge _

44、 they have failed.Absolutely. They should know that setbacks and failures are part and parcel of adolescent growth. AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich11（2020·鸡西市第一中学校高二期末）The secretary made a note of it _ she should forget.Ain order that Bin case Cso thatDever when12（2020·鸡西市第一中学校高二期末）Human beings are

45、 different from animals_they can use language as a tool to communicate.Ain which Bin that Cfor thatDfor which13（2020·江苏高三三模）The government calls on us to avoid visiting crowded areas and medical institutions _ it is necessary.AwhileBbecauseCunlessDwhen14（2020·江苏常熟中学高三三模）Try to buy less_unn

46、ecessary shopping could become another source of pressure to the environment.AthoughBunlessCbecauseDbefore15（2020·江苏高三三模）I'll be out for some time. _ anything important happens, call me up immediately.AIn caseBAs ifCEven thoughDNow that16（2020·江苏高三三模）One Friday, we were packing to leav

47、e for a weekend away _ my daughter heard cries for help.AafterBwhileCsinceDwhen17（2020·江苏高三三模）Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever.Aas if Bin case CwhileDthough18（2020·江苏高三三模）You wont find paper cutting difficult _ you keep practicing

48、 it.Aeven though Bas long asCas if Dever since19（2020·江苏高三三模）The car in front of us came to_ we almost hit it.Asuch a sudden stop thatBa stop so sudden thatCsuch a sudden stop asDso sudden a stop as20（2020·江苏金陵中学高三月考）_ having a roommate inevitably has its challenges, it can also be a great part of your college experience.AWhileBWhenCAsDIf21（2020·江苏高三三模）_ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.AIf only BAfter CAlthoughDIn case22（2020·江苏启东中学高三月考）_