精品解析：2018年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（浙江卷）（解析版）.doc

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1、绝密启用前2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英 语选择题部分第一部分 听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will James do tomorrow ?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.【答案】B

2、【解析】【原文】Text 1 W: James, you've been watching TV for the whole evening. What's on? M: It's a science program on the origin of the universe. I'll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can we say about the woman?A. She's generous.B. She's curi

3、ous.C. She's helpful.【答案】C【解析】【原文】Text 2 M: Hello, do you have "The Best of Mozart"? W: Um, sorry, we've just sold out. But we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we'll call you when the CD arrives.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8

4、:30.C. At 10:30.【答案】C【解析】【原文】Text 3 W: We'd better be going now, or we'll be late for the train. M: No rush. It's 8:30 now. We still have two hours.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.【答案】B【解析】【原文】Text 4 M: I am so tired of driving all those

5、 hours to work. W: Yeah. I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now, I live within walking distance of my office. I don't even need a bike.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and

6、 patient.【答案】A【解析】【原文】Text 5 W: Hi, Andy. I didn't see you in Professor Smith's class yesterday. What happened? M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave.第二节听第6段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of c

7、ollege.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.【答案】6. B 7. A【解析】【原文】Text 6 W: The biggest mistake I made, uh.was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I', thinking of going back to school. M: School

8、? To study what? W: Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature. M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago? M: No, I majored in chemistry then.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What is the man?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxi driver.9. What is the man doin

9、g for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.【答案】8. B 9. C【解析】【原文】Text 7 M: Good morning, madam. I am your guide for this trip. W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I'm going to stay at? M: Yes, of course. The

10、 Grand Hotel opened in 1990. And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway. It is the most beautiful hotel here. W: That sounds great. M: And there are some restaurants outside. So, at dinnertime, you'd have a lot of choices. W: That's really nice. I like to have some local foods

11、while traveling. What about the scenery around it? M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean. W: Oh, I think I will love this hotel.听第8段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office.B. At home.C. At a restaurant.11. What will the speakers

12、do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Visit a friend.C. Work extra hours.12. Who is Alice going to call?A. Mike.B. Joan.C. Catherine.【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B【解析】【原文】Text 8 W: Hi, Mike. M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here. W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office.

13、Just came here for a change today. M: The environment here is good - clean and relatively quiet. W: Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening? M: Yes, are you? W: Yeah. Catherine was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tom

14、orrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go? M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go. W: Oh, yes. She's a great fan of classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.听第9段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. Why does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartme

15、nt.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color.B. Its design.C. Its quality.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It's a good size.B. It's newly painted.C. It's adequately equipped .16. What will the woman pr

16、obably do next?A. Go downtown.B. Talk with her friend.C. Make payment.【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B【解析】【原文】Text 9 W: Hi, I've only just arrived. M: Oh, good. Now, here are the keys. Let's go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the right. Do come in. W: Thank you. I like the ca

17、rpet. The color is nice, isn't it? M: Yes, and this apartment is in good condition. Here is your lounge. W: Where would we eat? M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitchen. Come and see. W: The kitchen is quite small. M: Yes, but it has everything - cooker, fridge, even a dishwashe

18、r. W: And there are lots of cupboards. M: Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one. W: It's a good size, though. M: Now come into the other bedroom. You can see the bathroom, too. W: Yes. It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. I understan

19、d it is $800 a month. M: Yes, but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive. W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch.听第10段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.C. College students.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A

20、. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. He's proud.B. He's sympathetic.C. He's grateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B. How his language skills

21、 improved.C. How he managed his business well.【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A【解析】【原文】Text 10 Thank you very much. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at university again. The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this: Education is important. When I came to the US, I was only

22、thinking about being a carpenter, but I could not read the newspaper. And I could not understand the news on television or movies or anything like this. So, I entered the city college to take English classes for foreign students. I was very proud that I was going to a college because no one in my fa

23、mily ever went to any college or to any university. You know, when youre 15 years old in my country, you finish school and then you learn a trade. And thats exactly what I did. When I was 15 years old, I learned how to be a carpenter. A year later, I came to America. Luckily, I met a very good teach

24、er who encouraged me to take some math classes, business classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college student. And today, when I look back, Im so happy because you never know where life will take you. All of a sudden, I started making money because I was really good at math. You kn

25、ow, how to work out everything with math is so important. This is something that I learned when I started my own business, which is doing really well.第二部分 阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People

26、 had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the name

27、s of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publicat

28、ion of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did D

29、ickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It

30、s partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiencesfrom all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent

31、, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They

32、were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress_.A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his im

33、portance in literature23. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A【解析】本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深

34、远影响。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors. Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, i

35、mmoral, or just plain bad.可知，印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、不正常的，或者毫无价值可言。故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mona Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mona Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。【23题详解】写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the

36、200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知，本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。点睛：推理判断题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。

37、本文推理判断题的考法：1. 推测文章的观点或结论。小题1要求判断18世纪英国小说的现状，根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%.Novels, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.可知，当时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无

38、价值可言。2. 推测作者写作目的或意图。小题3判断本文的写作目的，根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知，本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此推断作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。Steven Stein likes

39、to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry

40、 behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angel

41、es. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but req

42、uire more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is,

43、the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute(质疑) these points. They h

44、ope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.24. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase grocery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.25. What does the word “h

45、eadwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags.B. Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.26. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are

46、 less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more energy.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste Control【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了几种购物袋的使用情况，塑料

47、袋会造成环境问题，纸袋尽管容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.和第二段中plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.可知，

48、塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害，为使用塑料袋进行辩护。故选D。【25题详解】词义猜测题。上文介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用，看到这种现状，塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein等科学家是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害。headwinds意为“逆风”，此处指塑料袋被禁用的现状，即Bans on plastic bags，故选A。26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知，生产耐用且能重复使用的袋子需要更多的能源，故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述了使用塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。对这三种方式进行了对比，Plastic, Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，最适合作为标题。故选A。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，要看懂全文的主要内容，明白了主要内容就能准