考点49 完形填空记叙文-备战2020年高考英语考点一遍过.doc

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1、考点49 完形填空记叙文高考频度：【命题解读】记叙文一直受高考完形填空命题者的青睐，在高考完形填空题材中占有相当大的比重。这是因为其有人物、情节发展等线索可循，内容情节深刻，常涉及人物心理活动的细致描写，篇章与语句的结构变化丰富多彩。这种类型的试题，更能考查考生根据文章的整体内容选择符合文章情节的答案，可以充分体现考生对事物的应变能力。仔细研读近几年高考完形填空我们不难发现，记叙文是出现频率最高的一类文体，多以记人和叙事为主。具体地说，它是借助叙述、描写等手段记叙社会中的人物和事件发展过程，用以表现作者的态度和观点。记叙文多以人的思想和行为为中心，以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和

2、结束来展开叙述。研读记叙型完形填空，可看出以下趋势：1.首句完整，线索清楚。一般作者在第一句话就交代了人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结果。2.叙述灵活，侧重语境。文章以叙述为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，较少加入作者的观点或评论。因此，常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换，或语气上的差异。这增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的依赖，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，作出选择。3.实词为主，虚词为辅。高考记叙型完形填空，篇章不长，一般在200280个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。选项一般为同一

3、词类或同一范畴。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的【解析】考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。【应试策略】在记叙文类完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。1.重视首句，开篇明义。从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空首句一般不设题。这为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个窗口，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息。所以应充分重视首句的指示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此拓展思维，争取开局胜利。2.利用语境，

4、揣摩心态。高考完形填空题逐渐摒弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生只有借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定，揣摩作者的心情，以及他对各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气、动作等的描写。3. 瞻前顾后在完形填空的解题过程中，从空格前面的相关语句中寻找解题依据的方法通常被称为“瞻前法”；所谓“顾后”，是指在做完形填空时参考空后的有关信息来解题。4.理清线索，把握方向。记叙文一般按事件发展顺序叙述，有时用倒叙。答题时，通过理清人物间的关系，把握人物各自所做的事情，从而把握细节，找准作者的记叙方向，正确理解文章。【解题技巧】 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨重

5、视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的突破口。2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。3. 身临其境，故事重构采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展,体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能

6、对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。4. 关注末段，注意感想最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。5. 浏览全文，复查核定根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是：（1）语意是否前后一致；（2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；（3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构；（4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。题组一（高考真题）Cloze1(2019·新课标卷II)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空

7、白处的最佳选项。Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers _41_about the small dog he had seen _42_ alongside the road. He had _43_ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had _44_.Back home, Ehl

8、ers was troubled by that _45_ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove _46_. After a long and careful _47_. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving _48_ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with _49_. It jus

9、t started licking(舔)Ehlers face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one _50_ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a _51_ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers _52_ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had _53_ their dog.Jeff had _54_ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his d

10、og, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched _55_ for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “Its good to know theres still someone out there who _56_ enough to go to that kind of

11、_57_,”says Lisa of Ehlers rescue _58_.I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as _59_ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be _60_ to go that extra mile.”41. A. readB. forgotC. thoughtD. heard42. A. fightingB. tremblingC. eatingD. sleep

12、ing43. A. triedB. agreedC. promisedD. regretted44. A. calmed downB. stood upC. rolled overD. run off45. A. injuredB. stolenC. lostD. rescued46. A. homeB. pastC. backD. on47. A. preparationB. explanationC. testD. search48. A. cautiouslyB. casuallyC. skillfullyD. angrily49. A. surpriseB. joyC. hesitat

13、ionD. anxiety50. A. predictedB. advertisedC. believedD. recorded51. A. houseB. phoneC. streetD. car52. A. calledB. copiedC. countedD. remembered53. A. fedB. adoptedC. foundD. cured54. A. huntedB. skiedC. livedD. worked55. A. on purposeB. on timeC. in turnD. in vain56. A. caresB. seesC. suffersD. lea

14、rns57. A. placeB. troubleC. wasteD. extreme58. A. serviceB. planC. effortD. team59. A. equalB. allergicC. gratefulD. close60. A. suitableB. proudC. wiseD. wilingCloze2(2019·北京卷)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make su

15、re low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been _11_ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started _12_ his car to the young people. Wilson has _13_ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and

16、 has had countless pleasant and often humorous _14_ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's _15_ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.

17、Some students _16_ call him “Grandpa”.Tina Stern _17_ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free _18_. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in _19_ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you q

18、uestions and actually _20_ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll _21_ those things."Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the _22_ asks the members only to drive students to and fro

19、m their classes, Wilson often goes _23_ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to _24_ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungr

20、y on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never _25_ to buy them a meal.For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely _26_ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to _27_ vehi

21、cles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has _28_ them to complete their education but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the _29_. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) _30_ to be a part of these kids

22、lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories."11. A. linkingB. sendingC. offeringD. distributing12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering13. A. pavedB. coveredC. measuredD. wandered14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negotiationsD. conversations15. A.

23、 metB. drivenC. addressedD. conversations16. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded18. A. transportationB. styleC. timeD. communication19. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD. suspicious20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers21. A. act onB. settle onC. che

24、ck onD. agree on22. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme23. A. farB. aroundC. beyondD. forwards24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warn25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange28. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD

25、. convinced29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment30. A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenienceCloze3(2018·新课标卷II)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. Hed moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had

26、 been 13 years since Id 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realiz

27、ed one kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . Somethings not 48 ! I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious an

28、d as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . Whats his name? I asked the instructor. Ben, he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 5

29、6 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. I just want to say thank you, he said. You 58 my life!I still cant believe what a 59 it was. Im just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.41. A. alsoB. oftenC. evenD. last42. A. delightB. reliefC. angerD. w

30、orry43. A. scaredB. shockedC. thrilledD. ashamed44. A. talkB. stayC. meetD. settle45. A. bathedB. cleanC. deepD. formed46. A. fasterB. closerC. heavierD. wiser47. A. troubleB. advanceC. questionD. battle48. A. realB. rightC. fairD. fit49. A. staredB. sankC. divedD. fell50. A. arguingB. fightingC. sh

31、outingD. shaking51. A. leadB. persuadeC. carryD. keep52. A. happenedB. occurredC. appliedD. appealed53. A. sharpB. pleasantC. attractiveD. familiar54. A. agreedB. hesitatedC. doubtedD. knew55. A. FortunatelyB. FranklyC. SadlyD. Suddenly56. A. returnB. relaxC. speakD. leave57. A. jokedB. turnedC. lis

32、tenedD. pointed58. A. createdB. honoredC. savedD. guided59. A. coincidenceB. changeC. pity D. pain60. A. on boardB. in timeC. for sureD. on purposeCloze4(2018·新课标卷III)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usua

33、lly say sorry, 41 number! and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something 43 . On March 19, Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital, waiting for the 45 of a baby. Congratulations! But I think someone was mi

34、staken, Dennis 46 . The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her 48 , she didnt seem to realize that she was 49 the babys photos with a complete stranger. Well, I dont 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby, replied Dennis

35、before asking which room the new 51 were in. Much to the familys surprise, Dennis stuck to his 52 ! He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindseys husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit. I dont think we would have randomly invited him over but we

36、55 it and the gifts. Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words: What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and kind to do this. The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 s

37、hares and 61,500 likes in just three days.41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical 44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning 45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46. A. resp

38、onded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visi

39、tors52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect 56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accomp

40、anied58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust题组二（名校模拟题）Cloze 1(广东省佛山市2019届普通高中高三教学质量检测)It wasnt that I was embarrassed my husband was out of work. Its just that we were 1 people and didnt share our 2 much with o

41、thers. So when he lost his job, we just acted like nothing had changed and no one seemed to 3 .It didnt take long before my friends found out that my husband 4 a lot more. When asked about it, I told my good friend and neighbour Tammy the 5 and I said we were still looking. She then told me that her

42、 husband had also been hunting for 6 all over town because his company was closing down. I was 7 . We constantly did things together, yet I hadnt found any sign of their 8 .After knowing what they were 9 , I wanted to help them even though we didnt have much ourselves. So, I became a 10 shopper. I l

43、ooked for discount offers everywhere, and when I finished my 11 , I would offer to buy things for Tammy at the 12 price. It seems like our money goes even further because we are willing to 13 .It goes the other way too. Tammy and her husband have given us enough wood to 14 our house this winter. It

44、has been a huge 15 , reducing our gas bill to almost nothing. There are other 16 of helping each other. I teach Tammy how to make bread; she 17 my kids when I go to job interviews. and the 18 goes on.I dont have much to give, but I can give of myself. I can have 19 , love and hope, and the more I gi

45、ve these away, the more I 20 .1. A. strangeB. selfishC. matureD. private2. A. dutiesB. problemsC. opinionsD. plans3. A. mindB. careC. noticeD. sympathize4. A. went huntingB. visited neighborsC. stayed homeD. dined out5. A. differenceB. truthC. resultD. message6. A. jobsB. friendsC. promotionD. comfort7. A. relievedB. disappointedC