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1、考向65 读后续写4步曲助力续写得高分【真题再现】阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2020·新高考卷)The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other me

2、et the challenges.Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.One morning she told her children about a family she had

3、 visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boyhis name was Bernardhad interested her very much.“I wish you could see him，” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help

4、 to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.”After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money.” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.”“So do I，” said Harry. “We really should do so

5、mething to assist them.”For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成)” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you

6、 what we can do，” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn (爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式在相应位置作答。When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a goo

7、d one, too. With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 【四步法续写】第1步知原文4要素明确1个主题故事背景在社会经济萧条的环境下，大家仍心存善良，互相帮助。人物Mrs. Meredith, John, Harry 和Clara, Bernard, the sick man and his wife原文两情线情节线经济衰退期间人们互助共渡难关；Mrs. Meredith乐于助人；Mrs. Meredith和孩子们讲述Bernard一家的情况；孩子们商量并找到帮助Bernard的办法情感线Meredi

8、th乐于助人体现的是(caring, willing, helpful)三个孩子想帮助Bernard一家，表现的是迫切渴望的情感(eager)孩子们想出计划时应该是激动的(excited)一个主题love, help and act of kindness第2步据2个关键定续写方向根据续写部分两个首句中的关键词，确定续写部分情节发展方向，情节要简洁并注意各情节之间的相互衔接第3步两“情”相悦添加合理细节两“情”相悦续写部分情节线和情感线的发展应与原文故事情节线和情感线一致，达到“两情相悦”。情节线体现的是Meredith乐于助人， Bernard需要帮助如何助人双方得偿所愿；情感线的走向应该是

9、激动和感激(excited and grateful)。添加4细节动作细节：续写第一段添加孩子取出叔叔送的那袋子玉米，准备纸袋的动作细节，呼应原文最后一段的细节；情感细节：在刻画Bernard一家的激动感激的情感时，可利用介词短语；心理细节：原文最后一句可描写Bernard的心理活动，升华主旨，也呼应原文主题；环境细节：第二段可添加环境描写，渲染经济状况不好的人们，愿意掏钱买爆米花帮助Bernard，同时呼应首段末句，再次反映原文与续写部分的同一个主题： love, help and act of kindness。第4步沿用原文语言特点优美连贯表达原文利用简单句、并列句、非谓语动词和主从复合

10、句，进行动作描写、对话描写及一定的环境描写，因此续写部分可利用适当的并列句、非谓语动词和复合句进行动作和心理描写。可利用after that, later, on returning, although恰当过渡衔接。【参考范文】【策略回顾】读后续写4步曲第1步知原文4要素明确1个主题读后续写不是无视原文的独立创作，而是顺着原文作者的思路完成未完成的文本。动手续写之前，首先应认真阅读原文，带着when, where, who, what, why, how理清原文的故事背景(setting)、人物和原文故事发展的情节(plot)线和情感(feelings)发展线，把握其文本大意和叙事要表现的主题

11、或意图，如2020新高考卷，通过讲述三个孩子在有限的条件下，帮助了另外一个想要帮助父母维持生活的小男孩的故事，体现一个“爱、帮助和善行”的主题。1首先获取故事背景信息，如2020新高考卷在首段第二句和末句就交代了背景： The economy was in decline, people lost jobs, but they were trying to help each other.2关注两条主线：准确理解原文，根据“谁、发生了什么”，快速理清原文对主要人或物的描写并对相关事件进行整理，提炼明线故事情节线。接着通过情节线和原文对心理情感细节的描述进行合理推测，理清原文暗线情感发展线。3通

12、过对原文故事背景、情节线和情感线的分析提炼，可以得出原文的主题或叙事意图。记叙文类的叙事意图或主题指故事主要内容传递给读者的信息，可以是情，也可以是理。续写部分要在叙述意图或主题上与原文保持一致。第2步据2个关键定续写方向提炼出文本大意和叙述意图后，结合所给短文的情景模式，即5W(Who? What? When? Where? Why？)和两个续写段落首句中与5W相关的要点，以5W的角度想象续写部分的主要内容，预测故事的走向。1两个续写段落的首句已给出，因此预测续写第一段的续写方向相对第二段较为明确。而第二段的续写方向较为开放，需结合原文的人物性格特征和故事发展脉络大胆预测。两个续写段落的首句

13、既是提示，也是限制。因此，在预测内容时，须紧跟原文内容，紧密衔接段落首句，这样才能保证续写部分与原文情节的契合。2续写方向的预测，必须密切结合原文的文本大意和叙述意图、情景模式以及原文的相关细节。第3步两“情”相悦添加合理细节一篇好的读后续写，其写作思路应遵循原文发展的情节线和情感发展线，即续写部分与原文达到“两情相悦”时，才能与原文高度融洽。1首先应在情节的发展上与原文的情节发展是连贯而且是合理的，如2020新高考卷中提到Mrs. Meredith曾去过Bernard家，续写部分可用paid another visit to the family呼应原文这个细节。2其次情感线的相悦指续写部分

14、的人物心理情感的变化按照原文人物的心理情感的变化合理变化且与原文的主题一致。如2020新高考卷原文主题是“爱、帮助和善行”，续写部分应在进行情感描写时描写Bernard受到帮助后的感激之情，同时利用心理描写点明原文主题，升华全文的情感。第4步沿用原文语言特点优美连贯表达不同的文章有不同的语言特点，有正式与非正式之分，有朴素与华丽之分，有简洁明快与繁复含蓄之分。但是同一篇文章的语言特点应该是一致的，续写时应判断并沿用原文语言特点，使续写部分与原文浑然一体。1体现记叙文特点的4个方面句式结构上：简单句、复合句以及强调句、倒装句等特殊句式的使用情况，如原文利用的简单句较多，而复合句等较少或几乎没有，

15、那么续写部分就应多利用简单句进行描写，而不应过多涉及复合句。语法结构上：主被动语态、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、with复合结构、虚拟语气等的使用情况。词汇选择上：常见初级词汇、高级词汇以及不同词性的使用情况。修辞手法上：比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞的使用情况。2沿用语言特点的4个原则续写时，应尽可能根据原文在句子结构、语法结构、词汇选择和修辞手法上的语言特点方面遣词造句。不能因个人喜好或为追求词句的高级和复杂等，刻意将不符合原文的词句生搬硬套到续写部分。记叙文中常出现人物之间的对话。如果用直接引语记录人物间的对话，应特别留意人物的特点和对话的情境。任何人物的语言都应该和人物的特点一致， 符合其身份和

16、性格特征。人物的语言也应和说话时的情境吻合，即什么情况下说什么话，如紧急情况下的话语应该是短促的，不适合用复杂的带有从句的复合句。【检测训练】1阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In 2019, I rescued a skittish donkey (容易受惊的驴). Bo came from a nearby cattle ranch and now lives peacefully on my ranch in the Bitterroot Valley of Montana, along with another donkey, three hor

17、ses, and two dogs. But the key to Bos successful recovery from nervous rescue to happy ranch animal wasnt anything I did. It was my grandson, Dylan.When he was just shy of four years old, Dylan came with his parents to spend the Fourth of July with me on their way to Canada for a vacation. Bo kept h

18、is distance from the grown-ups, but he displayed an unusual fascination with Dylan. So we decided to introduce them. “Move slowly, keep your arms down, be quiet, and stoop down sometimes,” I told my grandson. Dylan cautiously approached Bo, step by step, holding a soft rubber comb. Bo held his groun

19、d, but he seemed interested with this little visitor. Dylan rubbed Bos shoulders and neck softly with the comb, removing remains of his thick winter coat. Its hard for an almost four-year-old to stay still for long, and motivation overcame self-control. Dylan made one quick move, and Bo jumped off w

20、ith light steps. But Bo and Dylan were not ready to give up. Dylan approached again. To witness a preschooler learn to control himself in such a short time was amazing. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。As we watched, true love developed between this once distrustful donkey and a gentle boy._T

21、hey met again one week later as the family passed through on their return trip._2阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Arshad had been out window shopping with his parents. That was all they did these days because they didnt have enough money to afford all the shiny clothes, shoes and other fancy item

22、s the windows displayed. Even from a distance, they looked so promising and inviting that one couldnt help but go over and look at them.Ever since Arshads father lost his business and had to close down his garment shop, Arshads family barely had the money to make ends meet. They even had to move to

23、a rented house, which was smaller and was situated in the shabbier part of the city. Unlike his previous house, where he had a big luxurious room all to himself, here Arshad had to share his room and bed with his naughty younger brother who always had the room in a horrible mess.What was worse, the

24、playground in this neighbourhood was nothing like the one in his previous neighbourhood; the swings were all broken, the monkey bars were all rusted and grimy, and the see-saw(跷跷板) only had one seat. There werent even any bookshops nearby where he could spend his free time, flipping through his favo

25、urite comic books and novels.That day, Arshad and his brother were terribly bored when their father decided to take them all out for window shopping. When his father saw the sad look on Arshads face, he sat down next to him and said in a solemn tone, “Remember, there are children out there who dont

26、even have the things you do, like, warm clothes, a roof over their heads, good education and all the delicious meals that your mother prepares for you, three times a day. You should always be grateful for what you have.”After the trip to the mall, Arshads father decided to take his two boys to a gov

27、ernment school in their neighbourhood. The children in the school barely had chairs in their classrooms. Instead, they sat on rugged carpets draped over a hard, stone floor. Three or four children shared torn, second-hand books amongst themselves. The playground didnt even have any swings and there

28、was not even a cafeteria!注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Arshad remembered how he always complained about the swings in his playground._Thinking of the happy children in that school, Arshad decided to do something._3阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Wrinkles of confusion rippled

29、 across Hollys forehead as she opened the gift from her best friend, Susan.“I.I thought you could use it for something.” Susans stammered explanation did nothing to help us understand why a twelve-by-eighteen-inch dark blue carpet remnant(残余物) was being presented as a birthday gift.Holly, my daughte

30、r, tried bravely not to allow her disappointment to show. She laid the carpet on the kitchen counter, and the two girls headed outside to play.The next morning, I carried a kitchen bag outside. My heart ached as I saw Susans carpet lying in the trash can. Hesitating only a moment, I reached in and p

31、icked it up. After giving it a light brushing, I brought it into the house and placed it in the hall closet. Occupied with the business of daily living, the carpet was soon forgotten.Prior to Hollys birthday, Susan had been a regular visitor in our home. On several occasions, she rode the bus home w

32、ith Holly and was one of the few friends ever permitted to stay over on a school night. But now I realized it had been nearly three weeks since wed even heard mention of Susans name. I missed her warm smile and eager-to-please ways.One day, Holly had arrived home from school. “Susan invited me to co

33、me over to her house after school tomorrow,” she announced as she took her books down on the kitchen table. Although her voice carried a so-what attitude, I sensed she was pleased by the invitation.Arrangements were made, and the girls rode home together on the school bus the following day. As I neg

34、otiated the winding country road that led to her house, Susan chatted nervously about her foster mom and the seventeen cats she had taken in and cared for. Soon we arrived at Susans house.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1: A woman wearing a shapeless sweater stood in the doorway to gr

35、eet us as we approached the small shabby farmhouse._Paragraph 2: Hearing my words about everything of Susan, Holly sat silently in the car, with her head stretching forward(前伸) as if willing the car to move faster._4阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Sigrid finished milking the cow and stepped out

36、 of the barn into the cold air. It was almost summer, but icebergs still filled the narrow sea. She set the bucket down, only to find that the milk reached merely halfway to the top. If we don't get more food soon, she thought anxiously, we will have to eat the cow. And then what will we do?Gran

37、dfather used to tell her that when their Norse ancestors first came to Greenland, the fields were rich with grass. But in recent years, the climate has been getting colder and the summers shorter. When her grandfather was a little boy, there were as many as fifteen cows in the family's barn. Now

38、 there is just one. And the family has barely enough hay to feed it.A gust of wind sending a chill down her spine, Sigrid stuffed her hands into the pockets to warm them. Her fingers felt her most prized possession, a piece of red cloth she'd had since she was a small girl. She took the cloth ou

39、t of her pocket and let it unfold. It was barely longer than her arm. But its brilliant colour was bright against the stark(荒凉的) landscape. The cloth had once been part of a dressin happier, more prosperous times. Nobody dresses like that anymore.With ice-filled seas, ships no longer arrive with foo

40、ds and goods to trade. All of a sudden, movement on the water caught Sigrid's eye. A light boat moved silently between the icebergs. An Inuk boy, about Sigrid's age, was looking her way, staring at the red cloth fluttering(飘动) in the breeze. A hunting weapon was tied to the front of his boat. And dragging behind it was a large fish. Sigrid knew there had been fights between the Inuit and the Norse. But the boy had a kind face and did not reach for his weapon.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。She couldn't help but wonder what to do._