2021届高三大题优练8 完形填空 夹叙夹议文 学生版.docx

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1、优选例题A【2021·浙江卷1月】Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 1 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I 2 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 3 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of

2、 4 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 5 and like-minded that it was very 6 to feel at home. I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 7 . We had to 8 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 9 way but in 35 heat and with a heavy pac

3、k, my legs were on fire. My job was to 10 a stairway out of rock. This 11 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited(栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 12 . Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 13 of knowing that my 14 will be o

4、n that mountainside for years to come is massive. But on the last night we were 15 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 16 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 17 part of my tent. 18 , I suffered a lot. But

5、I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 19 . I think I am much 20 for having taken part in the project.1. A. calculateB. negotiateC. advertiseD. research2. A. imaginedB. introducedC. enjoyedD. found3. A. annoyedB. surprisedC. scaredD. excited4. A. arrivingB. sleepingC. thinkingD.

6、 walking5. A. confidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curious6. A. funnyB. goodC. luckyD. easy7. A. tourB. projectC. campaignD. course8. A. dropB. makeC. carryD. buy9. A. niceB. safeC. longD. quick10. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard11. A. helpedB. endedC. allowedD. meant12. A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. f

7、ed13. A. satisfactionB. ambitionC. expectationD. intention14. A. workB. memoryC. recordD. story15. A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated16. A. boilingB. averageC. normalD. freezing17. A. tidyB. dryC. newD. soft18. A. By the wayB. Regardless of thatC. Needless to sayD. In either ease19. A. survived

8、B. resistedC. escapedD. recovered20. A. smarterB. strongerC. happierD. busier【答案】1-5 DDCAB6-10 DBCCA11-15 DCAAB16-20 DBCAB【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询志愿者招聘信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。1.考查动词词义辨析。A. calculate：计算；B. negotiate：协商；C. advertise：登广告；D. resear

9、ch：研究。根据空格前句可知，作者在网上找做志愿者的信息。故选D项。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined：想象；B. introduced：介绍；C. enjoyed：喜欢；D. found：发现。作者之前还在网上查阅志愿者招聘的信息，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed：烦恼的；B. surprised：惊讶的；C. scared：害怕的；D. excited：兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone”可知作者一开始很

10、担忧。故选C项。4.考查动词词义辨析。A. arriving：到达；B. sleeping：睡觉；C. thinking：思考；D. walking：行走。根据feel at home得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。5.考查形容词词义辨析。A. confident：自信的；B. friendly：友好的；C. energetic：活力的；D. curious：好奇的。根据后文like-minded可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。6.考查形容词词义辨析。A. funny：搞笑的；B. good：好的；C. lucky：幸运的；D. easy：容易的。根据like-minde

11、d和feel at home可知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，让作者很容易感觉到宾至如归。故选D项。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour：游览；B. project：项目；C. campaign：活动；D. course：课程。根据文章最后“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop：掉下；B. make：制作；C. carry：携带；D. buy：购买。根据下文with a h

12、eavy pack可知，作者他们要带上必需品走。故选C项。9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice：好的；B. safe：安全的；C. long：长的；D. quick：快的。根据前文walk three miles可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build：建造；B. test：测试；C. clean：清洁；D. guard：保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息

13、地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。11.考查动词词义辨析。A. helped：帮助；B. ended：结束；C. allowed：允许；D. meant：意味。根据climbing up and down可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。12.考查动词词义辨析。A. hunted：捕猎；B. trained：训练；C. seen：看到；D. fed：喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的

14、。A. satisfaction：满意；B. ambition：雄心；C. expectation：期待；D. intention：意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修的台阶成型了，作者很有满足感。故选A项。14.考查名词词义辨析。A. work：工作，作品；B. memory：回忆；C. record：记录；D. story：故事。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是作者的工作。故选A项。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷暴雨中。A. lef

15、t：离开；B. caught：捉住，陷入；C. attacked：袭击；D. separated：分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷暴雨中。故选B项。16.考查形容词短语词义辨析。A. boiling：煮沸的的；B. average：平均的；C. normal：正常的；D. freezing：冰冻的。根据下文trembling得知温度很低。故选D项。17.考查形容词词义辨析。A. tidy：干净的；B. dry：干的；C. new：新的；D. soft：软的。根据上文的thun

16、derstorm和后文的part of my tent可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。18.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way：顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that：尽管这样；C. Needless to say：不用说；D. In either case：在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。19.考查动词词义辨析。A. survived：生存；B. resisted：反抗；C. escaped：逃离，抓牢；D. recovered：恢复。根据上文“

17、But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。20.考查形容词辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更坚强了。A. smarter：更聪明的；B. stronger：更强壮的；C. happier：更快乐的；D. busier：更忙碌的。根据空格前一句可知作者感觉这一段经历让他更坚强。故选B项。B【2021·天津卷】Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has rece

18、ntly made a significant 21 loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 22 in a clever way. The 23 ? Chat benches.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 24 . The lady would get a call from a s

19、tranger every morning who 25 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about £31,000 . Jones was 26 when she said that she didnt actually 27 being cheated. “Otherwise, I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.This led Jones to the conclusion that th

20、ere are too many extremely 28 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 29 to do something about it. He 30 the police department to allow him to 31 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 32 : “HAPPY TO C

21、HAT”. Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 33 conversations.The idea is catching on 34 . There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained

22、 a(n) 35 outcome from getting involved. Jones idea has been fully 36 the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 37 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.This effort is not just a(n) 38 at being community minded its also a 39 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society f

23、alling victim to cheaters.The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 40 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.21. A. choiceB. discoveryC. visitD. promise22. A. experiencedB. sufferedC. preventedD. felt23. A. solutionB. puzzleC. excuseD. intention24. A. pleasureB.

24、 prizeC. creditD. money25. A. eventuallyB. frequentlyC. previouslyD. occasionally26. A. ashamedB. shockedC. excitedD. amused27. A. mindB. forgiveC. riskD. enjoy28. A. activeB. lonelyC. cautiousD. stubborn29. A. learnedB. refusedC. pretendedD. decided30. A. forcedB. orderedC. convincedD. taught31. A.

25、 put awayB. make outC. tear apartD. set up32. A. readB. claimedC. meantD. implied33. A. formalB. joyfulC. awkwardD. crazy34. A. randomlyB. slowlyC. quicklyD. purposefully35. A. positiveB. disappointingC. correctD. embarrassing36. A. realizedB. examinedC. discussedD. formed37. A. break downB. put upC

26、. keep offD. take out38. A. glanceB. attemptC. knockD. attack39. A. heart-breakingB. risk-takingC. face-savingD. crime-cutting40. A. forbidsB. appointsC. encouragesD. troubles【答案】21-25 BCADA26-30 BABDC31-35 DABCA36-40 AABDC【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现：孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑

27、郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一个聪明的办法加以阻止。21.考查名词词义辨析。A. choice：选择；B. discovery：发现；C. visit：参观；D. promise：许诺。后面说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一个聪明的办法加以阻止。这应该是一项重大的发现。故选B。22.考查动词词义辨析。A. experienced：经历；B. suffered：遭受；C. prevented：阻止；D. felt：感觉。根据下文Chat benches可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选C。23.考查名词词义辨析。A. solution：解决方案；B. puzzle：谜

28、；C. excuse：借口；D. intention：目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问解决方案是什么”。故选A。24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure：快乐；B. prize：奖品；C. credit：信用；D. money：钱。根据下文“and then she lent him about £31,000”可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。25.考查副词词义辨析。A. eventually：最后；B. frequently：频繁地；C. previously：先前；D. occasional

29、ly：偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约3.1万英镑，由此可知，他最后让她相信了他是她的朋友。故选A。26.考查形容词词义辨析。A. ashamed：羞愧的；B. shocked：震惊的；C. excited：兴奋的；D. amused：愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。27.考查动词词义辨析。A. mind：介意；B. forgive：原谅；C. risk：冒险；D. enjoy：享受。根据后面老妇人说的话可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度

30、孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active：积极的；B. lonely：孤独的；C. cautious：小心的； D. stubborn：顽固的。结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”项目，可知在他的社区中，有很多极度孤独的人。故选B。29.考查动词词义辨析。A. learned：学习；B. refused：拒绝；C. pretended：假装；D. decided：决定。下文描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，可知此处指琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。A. forced：强迫；B. ordered：命令；C. c

31、onvinced：说服；D. taught：教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。故选C。31.考查动词短语辨析。A. put away：放好；B. make out：辨认出；C. tear apart：把弄乱；D. set up：设立。根据后面“a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.”可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。32.考查动词词义辨析。A. read：写着；B. claimed：宣称；C. meant：意味；D. implied：暗示。根据“HAPPY

32、 TO CHAT”可知这是牌子上写的内容，应用动词read，故选A。33.考查形容词词义辨析。A. formal：正式的；B. joyful：愉快的；C. awkward：尴尬的；D. crazy：疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容，可知人们是坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。34.考查副词词义辨析。A. randomly：随便地；B. slowly：缓慢地；C. quickly：很快地；D. purposefully：有目的地。根据“There are now over 40 chat benches throughout Eng

33、land.”可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。35.考查形容词词义辨析。A. positive：积极的；B. disappointing：令人失望的；C. correct：正确的；D. embarrassing：使人尴尬的。根据后面一句知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从中获益了。故选A。36.考查动词词义辨析。A. realized：实现；B. examined：检查；C. discussed：讨论；D. formed：形成。下文说“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实

34、现了。故选A。37.考查动词短语辨析。A. break down：打破；B. put up：提供；C. keep off：不接近；D. take out：取出。上文说所有参与的人都从中获益了。由此可知，“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。38.考查名词词义辨析。A. glance：一瞥；B. attempt：尝试；C. knock：敲打；D. attack：攻击。琼斯创建的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选B。39.考查形容词词义辨析。A. heart-breaking：令人心碎的；B. risk-taking：冒险的；C face-saving：顾全面子的；D

35、. crime-cutting：减少犯罪的。根据上文“loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes”以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这有助于减少犯罪。故选D。40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“聊天长椅”是一个很好的新项目，它鼓励所有年龄段的人相互交流和了解。A. forbids：禁止；B. appoints：任命；C. encourages：鼓励；D. troubles：麻烦。根据The Chat Bench is a fantastic new proje

36、ct以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果，可知选C。模拟优练AI started playing the trumpet(小号) at 42. Learning new skills as an adult is 1 and more fun than you think.Last February, I sat in a room with about 10 other people, all under age 12, waiting to take my 2 trumpet lesson. Learning to play was something I had 3 for years.

37、 But it wasnt 4 my husband gave me a trumpet as a birthday gift that I got the final 5 to give it a try.I had 6 mastered a musical instrument before and there I was at 42, learning with a group of 7 , mini Mozarts in my eyes. I was 8 and thrilled by the idea of starting something new.As adults, were

38、 9 to go outside of our comfort zones. We may 10 looking foolish or making mistakes. However, there are 11 to be an adult learner. If youve chosen to explore a hobby, its because you 12 want to. Thus youre 13 to learn. Another 14 thing is that you have more time and opportunity to try new things. Be

39、sides, keeping at hobbies makes us happier and could also make us more adaptable to the 15 in life.Heres 16 my hobby works for me: I now take trumpet lessons once a week; when I started in February, I 17 my son that Id learn to play “Happy Birthday” for him when he turned three in May. By doing this

40、 I gave myself a 18 and a deadline; and I even joined in an online summer performance.It has been years since I tried the hobby in which I had no background, no connections, no basic 19 . I was curious to see if I could stick to it. As it 20 , I made it. So can anyone.1. A. fresherB. clearerC. wiser

41、D. easier2. A. nextB. finalC. firstD. private3. A. put up withB. talked aboutC. insisted onD. made up for4. A. beforeB. becauseC. untilD. that5. A. pushB. abilityC. methodD. goal6. A. alsoB. neverC. almostD. already7. A. musiciansB. seniorsC. adultsD. kids8. A. nervousB. readyC. confidentD. amused9.

42、 A. unlikelyB. unwillingC. regrettedD. forbidden10. A. admitB. stopC. fearD. imagine11. A. tipsB. skillsC. advantagesD. answers12. A. hardlyB. mainlyC. nearlyD. truly13. A. motivatedB. forcedC. intendedD. expected14. A. necessaryB. strangeC. possibleD. wonderful15. A. rulesB. changesC. customsD. tru

43、ths16. A. whenB. whyC. howD. where17. A. promisedB. remindedC. taughtD. encouraged18. A. hopeB. reasonC. beliefD. goal19. A. knowledgeB. equipmentC. sourceD. fortune20. A. came upB. turned outC. showed upD. went outBI learned about life from an ant farm. When I was seven years old, my family 21 an a

44、nt farm at home. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the 22 home. Shortly after the new 23 were dropped into the glass structure, they got to work making tunnels. I was amazed that each one knew 24 what to do. After hours

45、 of staring, I realized that the ants had particular given jobs. With my moms help, I kept a journal of what happened each day and 25 the ants. My favorite was the biggest, Cinderella. I drew a picture of her in my journal, which I still have. On day five a disaster 26 the ant farm. While I was obse

46、rving the ants, I had put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally 27 it over. Unfortunately, my carelessness caused all the tunnels to 28 . Although the ants 29 their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was 30 as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to