常用医学专业英语词汇(48页).docx

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1、-常用医学专业英语词汇-第 48 页Aabsolute refractory period 绝对不应期absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption of light 光的吸收absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption 吸收,吸收作用absorptive cell 吸收细胞absorptivity 吸收率abstinence syndrome 戒断症状acceptor site 受位accessory n. 副神经acentric fragment 无着丝点

2、片段acentric ring 无着丝点环acetaminophen 醋氨酚acetone 丙酮acidophilia 嗜酸性acidophilic body 嗜酸小体acinus 腺泡acrosome reaction 顶体反应acrosome 顶体actin filament 肌动蛋白丝actin 肌动蛋白action potential 动作电位action 作用activation 激活，活化activator 激活蛋白，激活剂，活化物active immunization 主动免疫active oxygen 活性氧active reabsorption 主动重吸收active tra

3、nsport 主动运输，主动转运acute experiment 急性实验acute inflammation 急性炎症acute proliferative glomerulonephritis 急性增殖性肾小球肾炎acute radiation injury 急性放射损伤acute reaction 急性反应acute viral hepatitis 急性病毒性肝炎adaptation 适应addiction 成瘾性additional pressure 附加压强adenine (A) 腺嘌呤adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenoma 腺瘤adenosine 腺苷adenovirus

4、 腺病毒adequate stimulus 适宜刺激adhering junction 粘合连接adhesion molecule 粘附分子adipose tissue 脂肪组织adjuvant 佐剂adoptive immunity 过继免疫adrenal gland 肾上腺adrenergic drug 肾上腺素药adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素受体adrenergic 肾上腺能的adrenoceptor blocking drug 肾上腺素受体阻断药adrenoceptor 肾上腺受体adrenocortical hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adrenomimetic

5、drug 拟肾上腺素药adsorption 吸附adult 成人, 成年人Aedes 伊蚊aerobe 需氧菌aerobic dehydrogenase 需氧脱氢酶affinity maturation 亲和力成熟affinity 亲和力aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素after effect 后遗效应afterload 后负荷afterload 后负荷afterpotential 后电位agent 药剂agglutination of erythrocyte 红细胞凝集agglutinin 凝集素agglutinogen 凝集原aggregation 聚集，聚集态aging 老化，老年agon

6、ist 激动剂, 兴奋剂，主动肌air embolism 空气栓塞airborne transmission 空气传播airway resistance 气道阻力alanine 丙氨酸albinism 白化病albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白aldosterone 醛固酮all trans 全反构象allantois 尿囊allelic exclusion 位基因排斥allergen 过敏原，变应原allergy 变态反应allopurinol 别嘌呤醇allosteric effect 别构(位)效应allosteric enzyme 变构酶，别位酶allosteric regulation 别

7、构调节allotype 同种异型alteration 变质alterative inflammation 变质性炎症alternation of generations 世代交替alternative pathway 旁路途径, 替代途径alveolar capillary membrane 肺泡-毛细血管膜alveolar carcinoma 肺泡上皮癌alveolar dead space 肺泡死腔，肺泡无效腔alveolar duct 肺泡管alveolar fluid 肺泡液体alveolar sac 肺泡囊alveolar septum 肺泡隔alveoli 腺泡,肺泡amantad

8、ine 金刚烷胺amastigote 无鞭毛体amebic dysentery 阿米巴痢疾amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸aminoacyl site A位，氨酰基位aminoacyl site A位，氨酰基位aminoglycosides 氨基糖甙类amitriptyline 阿密替林amnion 羊膜amniotic fluid 羊水amoxicillin 羟氨苄青霉素(阿莫西林)amphotericin B 二性霉素Bampicillin 氨苄青霉素(阿比西林)amplitude 振幅amrinone 胺吡酮amyloid degeneration 淀粉样变性anabolism

9、 同化作用，合成代谢anaerobe 厌氧菌anaesthetic ether 麻醉乙醚anal canal 肛管anal membrane 肛膜analgesia 镇痛analgesics 镇痛药analyzer 检偏器anaphylaxis 过敏反anaplasia 间变anatomic shunt 解剖短路anatomical dead space 解剖无效腔或死腔anatomy 解剖学Ancylostoma duodenale 十二指肠钩口线虫androgen 雄激素anemic infarct 贫血性梗死anergy 失能aneuploid 非整倍体angiology 脉管学angi

10、otensin converting 血管紧张素转换angiotensin 血管紧张素angular momentum 角动量angular quantum number 角量子数animal for research 实验用动物animal model of human disease 人类疾病动物模型Anopoheles 按蚊anisodamine 山莨菪碱anisotropy 各向异性ankyrin 锚定蛋白annulate lamellae 环孔板anoxia 缺氧antagonist 拮抗剂anterior cerebral a. 大脑前动脉anterior horn 前角anter

11、ior limb bud 上肢芽anterior limiting lamina 前界（膜）层anterior neuropore 前神经孔anterior poliomyelitis 脊髓前角灰质炎anthrax 炭疽antiadrenergic drug 抗肾上腺素antianginal drug 抗心绞痛药antianxiety 抗焦虑antiasthmatic drug 抗喘药antibiotics 抗生素antibody 抗体anticarcinoma drug 抗肿瘤药anticholinergic drug 抗胆碱药anticholinesterase drug 抗胆碱酯酶药an

12、ticoagulant 抗凝血药anticoagulation 抗凝anticodon 反密码子anticonvulsive drug 抗惊厥药antidiabetic drug 抗糖尿病药antidiarrheal agent 止泻药antidiuresis 抗利尿antiepileptic drug 抗癫痫药antigen presentation 抗原呈递antigen processing 抗原处理antigen 抗原antigenic drift 抗原漂移,抗原转变antihypertensive drug 抗高血压药antiinflammatory agent 抗炎药antimal

13、arial drug 抗疟药antimanic drug 抗躁狂药antituberculosis drug 抗结核药anuria 无尿anus 肛门aorta 主动脉aortic arch 主动脉,弓动脉aortic body 主动脉体apneustic breathing 长吸式呼吸apoptosis 程序性细胞死亡,凋落,凋亡appendicitis 阑尾炎arachnoid 蛛网膜arch of aorta 主动脉弓archipallium 原脑皮层arginine 精氨酸argyrophil fiber 嗜银纤维artemisinin 青蒿素arterial hyperemia 动脉

14、性充血arterial pressure 动脉血压arterial pulse 动脉脉arteriole 微动脉arteriolosclerosis 细动脉硬化arteriosclerotic heart disease 动脉硬化性心脏病arteriovenous shunt 动静脉短路artery 动脉arthropod 节肢动物articular capsule 关节囊artificial respiration 人工呼吸ascariasis 蛔虫病ascaris lumbricoides 似蚓蛔线虫ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸 (维生素C)asepsis 无菌asparagine

15、 天冬酰胺aspartic acid 天冬氨酸aspirin 阿斯匹林assembly 组装associate neuron 联络神经元aster 星体astrocyte 星形胶质细胞asymmetric transcription 不对称转录asymmetry 不对称性atenolol 阿替洛尔atheroma 粥肿atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atomic spectrum 原子光谱ATPase ATP酶atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损atrial systole 心房收缩atrioventricular bundle 房室束atrioventricula

16、r bundle 房室束atrioventricular node 房室结atrium 心房atrophic gastritis 萎缩性胃炎atrophy 萎缩atropine 阿托品attenuated live vaccine 减毒活疫苗attenuator 衰减子atypia 异型性audition 听力auditory string 听弦auditory threshold 听阈auditory tube 咽鼓管Auger electron 俄歇电子auricle 耳廓auricle 耳廓autoclaving 高压蒸汽灭菌法autocrine 自分泌autoimmunity 自身免疫

17、autoinfusion 自身输液autolysosome 自生性溶酶体automatic respiratory rhythm 自主呼吸节律automaticity 自律性autonomic nervous system 植物性神经系统，自主神经系autonomic thermoregulation 自主性体温调节autopsy 尸体解剖autoradiography 放射自显影术autoregulation 自身调节autotransfusion 自身输血axillary a. 腋动脉axillary n. 腋神经axolemma 轴膜axon 轴索，轴突axoplasm 轴浆，轴质azo

18、temia 氮质血症Bbacillary dysentery 细菌性痢疾bacteremia 菌血症bacterial endocarditis 细菌性心内膜炎bacterial pneumonia 细菌性肺炎banding technique 分带技术barbiturates 巴比妥类baroreceptor reflex 压力感受性反射barrier system 屏障系统basal metabolism 基础代谢basal nuclei 基底核base pairing 碱基配对base 碱基basement membrane 基底膜，基膜basement membrane 基底膜，基膜b

19、asilic v. 贵要静脉basis pharmacology 基础药理学basophilia 嗜碱性behavioral thermoregulation 行为性体温调节benign tumor 良性肿瘤benzodiazepines 苯二氮biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌bidirectional propagation 双向传导biguanides 双胍类药物bile canaliculi 胆小管bile pigment 胆色素binary fission 二分裂法bioavailability 生物利用度biochemical pharmacology 生化药理学bioe

20、lectricity 生物电biological dosimeter 生物剂量仪biology 生物学biomembrane 生物膜biophysics 生物物理学biopsy 活组织检查bioscience 生命科学biotin 生物素biotransformation 生物转化biphasic action potential 双相动作电位Birbeck granule 伯贝克颗粒Birefringence 双折射blastocyst 胚泡blastoformation 母细胞化blastomere 分裂球,卵裂球bleeding time 出血时间blocking antibody 封闭

21、抗体blood agar (plate) 血琼脂 (平皿)blood cell 血细胞blood clot 血凝块blood coagulation 血液凝固blood flow 血流量blood group antigen 血型抗原blood group 血型blood island 血岛blood platelet 血小板blood pressure 血压blood transfusion 输血blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 血尿素氮blood 血，血液body stalk 体蒂body surface area 体表面积body temperature 体温Bohr

22、effect 波尔效应Bohr magneton 玻尔磁子bone canaliculi 骨小管bone lacuna 骨陷窝bone lamella 骨板bone marrow form acute radiation sickness 骨髓型急性放射病bone marrow 骨髓bone matrix 骨基质bone mineral 骨盐bone 骨bone 骨Bordetella pertussis 百日咳杆菌Bowmans (renal) capsule 包曼囊, 肾小球囊brachial plexus 臂丛brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干bradykinin 缓激肽

23、bradysporozoite 迟发型子孢子bradyzoite 缓殖子brain death 脑死亡brain stem 脑干brain vesicle 脑泡brain 脑breakage 断裂breed 品种bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射bretylium 溴苄胺bridging necrosis 桥状坏死bromocriptine 溴隐亭bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchiectasis 支气管扩张, 支气管扩张症bronchiole 细支气管bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎bronchus 支气管Brugia malayi 马来布鲁线虫brus

24、h border 刷状缘brush cell 刷细胞budding 出芽bulbar ridge 球嵴bulbus cordis 心球bumetanide 布美他尼, 丁苯氧酸Burkitt lymphoma Burkitt淋巴瘤CCampylobacter jejuni 空肠弯曲菌cachexia 恶病质, 恶液质caecum 盲肠caffeine 咖啡因calcitriol 1，25二羟胆骨化醇（钙三醇）calcium antagonists 钙拮抗药calcium channel 钙通道calcium dependent protein kinase Ca依赖性蛋白激酶，蛋白激酶C(C激

25、酶)caloric value 卡价（或热价）Campylobacter jejuni 空肠弯曲菌Candida albicans 白色念珠菌cancer family 癌家族cancer genetics 肿瘤遗传学capacitation of sperm 精子获能capillarity 毛细现象capillary 毛细血管capping 成冠,戴帽capsid 衣壳capsular pressure 肾小囊内压capsule 荚膜,被膜,囊胞captopriil 卡托普利carbamazepine 卡巴西平carbenicillin 羧苄青霉素carbidopa 卡比多巴carbimaz

26、ole 卡比马唑carbohydrate 糖carcinogenicity 致癌力carcinoid 类癌carcinoma of thyroid 甲状腺癌carcinoma 癌cardiac apex 心尖cardiac asthma 心源性哮喘cardiac glycoside 强心甙cardiac insufficiency 心功能不全cardiac orifice 贲门cardiac reserve 心力储备cardiac tube 心管cardiac work 心脏作功cardiogenic plate 生心板cardiomyopathy 心肌病cardiovascular phar

27、macology 心血管药理学carnification 肉质变carnitine 肉毒碱carotid body 颈动脉体，颈动脉小球carpal canal 腕管carpus 腕骨carrier protein 载体蛋白carrier 携带者，载体，载流子，带虫者cartilage capsule 软骨囊cartilage lacuna 软骨陷窝cartilage 软骨caseous necrosis 干酪样坏死caseous pneumonia 干酪性肺结核cat cry syndrome 猫叫综合征catabolism 分解代谢，异化作用catalase 触酶，过氧化氢酶catecho

28、lamine 儿茶酚胺cavity 空洞C domain 稳定区cedilanid 西地兰cell adhesion 细胞粘合cell biology 细胞生物学cell coat 细胞外被,细胞衣cell communication 细胞通讯cell culture 细胞培养cell differentiation 细胞分化cell electrophoresis 细胞电泳cell fusion 细胞融合cell junction 细胞连接cell proliferation kinetics 细胞增殖动力学 cell proliferation 细胞增殖cell recognition 细

29、胞识别cell surface antigen 细胞表面抗原cell theory 细胞学说cell 细胞cellular edema 细胞水肿central artery 中央动脉central gray substance 中央灰质central nervous system 中枢神经系统central stimulant 中枢兴奋药central vein 中央静脉centric ring 着丝点环centriole 中心粒centroacinar cell 泡心细胞centromere 着丝点,着丝粒centrosome 中心体cephalic phase 头期cephalin 脑磷脂

30、cercaria 尾蚴cercarial dermatitis 尾蚴性皮炎cerebral circulation 脑循环DDNA polymerase DNA聚合酶dark adaptation 暗适应darkfield microscope 暗视野显微镜daughter cyst 子囊de novo synthesis 从头合成dead space like ventilation 死腔样通气 decidua basalis 底蜕膜decidua capsularis 包蜕膜decidua parietalis 壁蜕膜decidua 蜕膜dedifferentiation 去分化defec

31、tive virus 缺陷病毒deformation 畸形degeneration 变性，溃变degradation 降解degranulation 脱颗粒dehydration 脱水deletion 缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突Dengue virus 登革病毒dense connective tissue 致密结缔组织dental pulp 牙髓deoxycholic acid 脱氧胆酸deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸depolarization 除级depression 抑制，减压depressor reflex 减压反射dermis 真

32、皮desmin filament 结蛋白纤维desmin 结蛋白desmosome 桥粒determination 决定deterministic effect 肯定性效应detoxification 解毒,解毒作用development 发育dexamethasone 地塞米松dialysis 透析diandry 双雄受精diaphragm 膈diastole 舒张期diastolic pressure 舒张压diazepam 安定diazoxide 二氮嗪dicaine 的卡因dichroic ratio 二向色性比dicoumarol 双香豆素dielectric polarizatio

33、n 电介质的极化dielectric 电介质（绝缘体）diencephalon 间脑differential medium 鉴别培养基diffraction of wave 波的衍射diffuse glomerulonephritis 弥漫性肾小球肾炎diffusion impairment 弥散障碍diffusion 扩散，弥散digestants 助消化药digestion 消化digestive system 消化系统digitalis 洋地黄digitoxin 洋地黄毒甙digoxin 地高辛digyny 双雌受精dihydroxyacetone phosphate 磷酸二羟丙酮dil

34、tiazem 地尔硫 diluted urine 稀释尿dimefline 回苏灵dimension 量纲diopter 屈光度diphenhydromine benadryl 苯海拉明dipole moment 偶极矩dipole 偶极子direct effect 直接作用discontinuous replication 不连续复制disease 疾病disinfection 消毒distribution 分布disulfide bond 二硫键diuretic 利尿剂dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺docking protein 停泊蛋白,对接蛋白domain 域,结构域,功能区dono

35、r site 给位donor 供者dorsal aorta 背主动脉dosage 剂量dot blot 斑点分子杂交法double helix 双螺旋double uterus 双子宫down regulator 衰减性调节dromotropic action 变传导作用droperidol 氟哌利多droplet transmission 飞沫传播drug abuse 药物滥用drug dependence 药物依赖性drug enzyme 药酶drug metabolism 药物代谢drug resistance 耐药性drug 药物dry gangrene 干性坏疽duct 导管duct

36、us arteriosus 动脉导管ductus deferens 输精管duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃疡duodenum 十二指肠duplication 重复dura mater 硬膜dynein 动力蛋白,达因蛋白dysplasia 发育不良dyspnea 呼吸困难Eeccentric hypertrophy 远心性肥大eclipse period 隐蔽期ecology 生态学ecosystem 生态系统ectoderm 外胚层ectoderm 外胚层ectopic kidney 异位肾ectopic parasitism 异位寄生edema 水肿Edinger Westphal

37、 nucleus E W核Edwardss syndrome 18三体综合征effect 效应effective dose 有效剂量effective filtration pressure 有效滤过压 effector 效应器,效应物efferent nervous system 传出神经系统efficacy 效能egg 卵ejection phase 射血相elastic artery 弹性动脉elastic cartilage 弹性软骨elastic fiber 弹性纤维elastic resistance 弹性阻力elasticity 弹性elastin 弹性蛋白electric cu

38、rrent density 电流密度electric current 电流electric dipole moment 电偶极矩electric dipole 电偶极子electric field intensity 电场强度（场强） electric field 电场electric flux 电通量electric potential difference 电势差electric potential energy 电势能electric potential 电势electric susceptibility 电极化率electrical coupling 电耦联electrical syn

39、apse 电突触electrocardiogram 心电图electrochemical gradient 电化学梯度electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromotive force 电动势electron capture 电子俘获electron pair production 电子对生成electrophoretic mobility 电泳率elephantiasis 象皮肿elimination rate constant 清除速率常数elliptically polarized light 椭圆偏振光 e

40、longation 延长embolism 栓塞embolus 栓子embryology 胚胎学embryonic disc 胚盘embryonic induction 胚胎诱导emission spectra 发射光谱emphysema 肺气肿enamel 牙釉质encapsulation 包围end cell 终末细胞end feet 脚板endemic goiter 地方性甲状腺肿endocardium 心内膜endocrine gland 内分泌腺endocytosis 胞吞,入胞,内吞endomembrane system 内膜系统endometrium 子宫内膜endopeptida

41、se 内肽酶endoreduplication 核内复制endosome 胞内体endothelium 内皮endotoxin 内毒素energy density 能量密度energy flux 能流energy level 能级energy metabolic rate 能量代谢率energy metabolism 能量代谢enhancer 增强子enolphosphopyruvate 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enteric nervous system 肠道神经系统enterobiasis 蛲虫病Enterobius vermicularis 蠕形住肠线虫(蛲虫)enterogenous cyan

42、osis 肠源性紫绀enterotoxin 肠毒素enterovirus 肠道病毒envelope 包膜enzyme 酶ependymal cell 室管膜细胞ephedrine 麻黄碱epicardium 心外膜epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热epidemic meningitis 流行性脑膜炎epidermis 表皮epididymal duct 附睾管epithelial reticular cell 上皮性网状细胞epithelial tissue 上皮组织epithelioid cell 类上皮细胞epitope 表位equation of cont

43、inuity 连续性方程equilibrium potential 平衡电位equilibrium state 平衡态equipotential surface 等势面erosion 侵蚀erythrocyte sedimentation rate 红细胞沉降率erythrocytic stage 红细胞内期erythropoietin 红细胞生成素，促红素essential amino acid 必需氨基酸essential fatty acid 必需脂肪酸estrogen 雌激素estrus cycle 动情周期ethambutol 乙胺丁醇ethosuximide 乙琥胺etiologi

44、cal treatment 病因治疗etiology 病原学euchromatin 常染色质eugenics 优生学euphoria 欣快症eupnea 平静呼吸evolution 进化exchange hypothesis 互换假说excitability 兴奋性excitable cell 可兴奋细胞excitable tissue 可兴奋组织excitation spectra 激发光谱excitation 激发，兴奋excited state 激发态excitement 兴奋excretion 分泌, 排泄excretory system 排泄系统exocrine gland 外分泌腺exocytosis 胞吐，胞裂外排，外吐作用 exogenous pyrogen 外源性致热源exon 外显子exopeptidase 外肽酶exotoxin 外毒素experimental animal model 诱发性动物模型expiration 呼气exposure rate 照射量率exposure 暴露（接触）external