备考2022中考英语中考专题：动名词.doc

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1、中考专题：动名词一 定义   动名词，就是动词后加ing 的形式，即doing sth.它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做“动名词”。动名词的否定形式在动名词前加not。 二动名词ing形式的变化规则。1.一般在词尾直接加ing。2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音的动词，要双写最后一个字母后加ing。4.少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。 三 作用一）作主语1.动名词用作主语，谓语动词用单数。.Reading French is easier than s

2、peaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。Smoking can cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。Growing roses is her hobby. 种玫瑰是她的爱好。2.有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面。Its nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。Its a wonder

3、 meeting you here. 在这里碰到你真是奇迹。It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书是浪费时间。3.动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构（这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。注意比较下面两个句子的区别与联系： I dont mind smoking here. I dont mind his smoking here.注意：在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主

4、代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首做主语时不能这样来代替。【例题】翻译句子（需包含动名词相关形式）：  介意我用下你的电脑吗？                                   

5、60;                           ?  爸爸坚决要求他的儿子上大学。                  

6、                                         .  玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。    

7、0;                                                 

8、0;      . 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。                                          

9、                    .4.动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式多用来表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。  比较以下句子：Saving money is a good habit.To save money is not

10、 easy for me.二）作宾语1.下列动词之后只能跟动名词作宾语。 想要feel like           完成finish             练习 practice喜欢enjoy             保持 keep &

11、#160;           考虑 consider介意mind             承认admit             否认deny建议suggest          

12、0;避免avoid             想象imagine值得 be worth         禁不住 cant help       忙 be busy后悔regret            坚持 in

13、sist on          放弃 give up2. 介词before/after/while/without等后要跟doing形式.  He left without saying a word.3. 以下以介词结尾的短语后面  be good at/do well in擅长于              be afraid of&

14、#160;担心                  be fond of /be keen on喜欢               be tired of 厌倦           &

15、#160;        look forward to盼望;                     pay attention to注意; be used to习惯于;               

16、;        be used for被用于;prefer doing to doing喜欢.而不喜欢.be interested in(have interest in)对.感兴趣thanks for 感谢  how about/what about doing 做什么事情怎么样 三）作定语动名词作定语表示其修饰的名词的性质，或用途或功能. 两者在逻辑上无主谓关系。但可以改为一个for加动名词的短语。swimming pool=a pool for swimmi

17、ng  游泳池   drinking water  饮用水waiting room  候车室                       sleeping bag  睡袋           

18、0;             sleeping pill  安眠药                        writing desk  写字桌      writing pa

19、per  信纸                         operating table  手术台                   reading room&#

20、160; 阅览室                      playing ground  运动场washing machine  洗衣机                 

21、0;  washing powder 洗衣粉       四）作表语Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画。Her job was tending the sheep. 她的工作是放羊。The main thing is getting there in time. 首要的事是及时到达那里。 四 动名词的习惯用法：1. It is no use/good/need+doing，做.没用/不好/没必要  It is no us

22、e/good/need making an excuse for this.为此找借口是没用的/不好的/没必要的。2. have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing，做.有困难have fun (in) doing  做很好玩  We have great difficulty in solving the problem.我们在解决这一问题时碰到了大难题。3以time为中心的词组后接动名词  have a good/hard time (in) + doing   过得很艰难/玩得

23、很开心  spend/waste time doing        花时间/浪费时间做某事  We had a good time playing games together.  On Sunday I always spend a lot of time helping my mother to do housework.4. go+doing: 动词go常与一些表示运动或休闲的动名词连用表示进行某项活动。  Go boating / si

24、ghtseeing / shopping / swimming / skating / climbing 去划船/观光/购物/游泳/溜冰/爬山5. 动词do常与一些表示室内活动的动名词连用表示进行某项活动  Do (some) cooking / cleaning / reading / sewing / / shopping / washing做饭/打扫/读书/做针线活/购物/洗衣服6. 在allow，advise，permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时用动名词，如果后面已有名词或代词作宾语，后面就只能再跟动词做宾语补足语。allow/advise/p

25、ermit doingallow/advise/permit sb to do sth  We dont allow smoking/ students to smoke here.7. need/want/require 后接doing“表示某事需要被做”，也可以用不定式的被动结构to be doneThe flowers need watering.  The flowers need to be watered.8. 表示“一感（feel）二听(hear, listen to) 四看( see, watch, look at,

26、notice)”的词。后加省去to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示经常发生的动作或动作的全过程。后加doing形式做宾语补主语，表示动作正在发生。9.keep/prevent/stop sb/sth from doing  阻止某人/某物 做 其中prevent和stop之后的from可以省去，而keep后的不可省。The Green Great Wall keeps the wind from blowing away the soil and sand.10.用于“There be”结构中。 There is a boy swimmin

27、g in the river.11. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。禁止吸烟   No Smoking!禁止停车   No Parking! 五 以下动词既可以加不定式，也可以加动名词，但表达的意义不一样。1. forget to do  忘记去做某事（没有做）          forget doing  忘记做了某事（做了） 2.remember  to do 

28、60;记得要做（没有做）      remember  doing  记得做过（做了）           3. stop to do  停下来去做另外一件事stop doing  停止正在做的事 4. try to do  尽力做某事  try doing 尝试做某事 5.mean to do  

29、打算做某事mean doing  意味着做某事 6.like/love to do  喜欢做某事 （一时的选择）like/love doing  爱好做某事  （一向的习惯） 7.go on/continue to do  继续去做另一件事go on/continue doing  继续去做同一件事 动名词练习题一单项选择。1. It was great fun _ a picnic on the hill.

30、60;  A. to have        B. having         C. have       D. had2. His father agreed _ $ 4,000 for the car.  A. with paying     B. to paying       C. to pay      

31、D. on paying3. Today we use machines _ us do most of our work.  A. to help         B. help           C. helping       D. helped4. She preferred me _ there.  A. to stay       &

32、#160; B. would stay      C. I stay        D. stay5. Were going to help _ the trees.  A. watered        B. watering     C. to watering     D. water6. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _

33、 the earth away.A. blow           B. to blow       C. blowing         D. blew7. _ is bad for our health.A. Doing eye exercises              B. Go to b

34、ed earlyC. Eating too much                D. Taking a walk8. Wu Dong is good at _ English.A. speak          B. speaks        C. speaking      

35、60; D. Spoke9. Most of the children enjoy _ computer games.A. play           B. playing        C. played          D. to play10. What a fine day! How about _ out for a walk?A. go   

36、          B. to go          C. gone           D. Going11. Mary went _ after she finished _ her work.A. swim; doing             

37、60;      B. to swim; to doC. to swim; doing                  D. swimming; to do12. Would you mind _ the window, please? Its cold outside.A. to close       B. closing 

38、0;      C. closed           D. close13. A fridge is used for _ vegetable and food cool.A. kept           B. keeping       C. to keep          D. keeps

39、14. The farmers on the farm are busy _ apples on the trees.A. picking        B. to pick        C. pick             D. picked15. When class began, we stopped _ to the teacher carefully.A. listening

40、0;      B. listen         C. listens           D. to listen16. I usually forget _ the door, but I remembered _ it when I left yesterday.  A. closing; closing         

41、;         B. to close; to close C. closing; to close                  D. to close; closing17.Where is my passport? I remember_it here. You shouldn't have left it here. Rem

42、ember_ it with you all the time.   A. to put；to take            B. putting；taking C. putting；to take             D. to put；taking18.After finishing his homework he went on _ a lett

43、er to his parents.   A. write B. writing   C. wrote    D. to write19. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing     B. repair          C. to repair       

44、 D. repaired20. Jack said that he wouldn't mind _ for us.    A. to wait       B. wait            C. waiting         D. waited21. My brother keeps _ me with my work.    A.

45、to help       B. help           C. helping          D. helped22. We should often practise _ English with each other.    A. to speak      B. spoke    &

46、#160;     C. speak           D. speaking23. Keep on _ and you will succeed.    A. a try         B. try             C. triing   

47、60;       D. trying24. The story was so funny that we _.    A. couldn't help laugh              B. can't but laugh    C. couldn't help laughing      

48、60;   D. couldn't help but to laugh25. What about _ to the concert with us ?    A. we go        B. we going        C. going          D. to go26Don't forget _ this book to John when y

49、ou see him.A. to return                             B. returningC. return                &

50、#160;             D. to returning27I regretted _ that to her.A. having said                           B. to have saidC. to say                            D. /1-5BCAAD 6-10CCCBD 11-15CBBAA 16-20DCDAC 21-25CDDCC 26-27AA10