考点38 完形填空之说明文-备战2022年中考英语考点一遍过.doc

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1、考点38 完形填空之说明文一、命题特点分析：1. 开头点题。说明文类完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。2. 结构清晰。说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义。3. 难度较大。说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。4. 说明文一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。5. 说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。二、解题方法：

2、1. 快速弄清文章大意。对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2. 弄清楚说明的顺序。把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的

3、内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。4. 注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服思维定势，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。（2）语法正确。从语法的角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。（一）Have you learned about table

4、 manners in China? Here I will introduce some.It is a traditional 1 for Chinese people to eat with chopsticks. Each person at table will have a pair of chopsticks, and there is also an extra pair 2 is for public use. You should remember that youre 3 to let the elders in the family sit and eat first.

5、 If they dont start，everyone else shouldnt start, either. And then you should make a 4 to them. While eating, it is very rude to eat with a loud 5 . And youd better not speak while food is still in your 6 . Do not only eat one dish even if that is your favorite.People usually go out of their way to

6、cook delicious food to make you 7 at home, but when they say, The dishes arent delicious. I 8 you dont mind, you must not say, Yeah, thats true, but I dont mind. 9 , it is a typical(典型的) word which can show one of the Chinese qualities 10 . You should answer, Really? I dont think so. It is the best

7、taste of any dish that is new to me.1. A. point B. order C. method D. custom2. A. which B. who C. where D. when3. A. allowed B. considered C. supposed D. invited4. A. report B. research C. bow D. toast5. A. voice B. smile C. noise D. cry6. A. plate B. mouth C. hand D. bowl7. A. feel B. arrive C. eat

8、 D. aim8. A. realize B. suggest C. expect D. believe9. A. However B. Actually C. Instead D. Finally10. A. honest B. proud C. modest D. serious（二）Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, its 1 to know the ri

9、ght and wrong things to do. For example, in China its OK to 2 a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isnt noisy and 3 , you may think theres something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are 4 places. If people at a table talk too loud, other people who a

10、re eating there might even 5 to the owner of the restaurant.Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for 6 . In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients (宴请宾客), but 7 friends eat together, they usually share the cost.

11、 This is called going Dutch (均摊费用). Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the 8 . This is called leaving a tip. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the U.S., its 9 to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service(服务) is. Go

12、od waiters can make a lot of money!The way people eat food is not the same in different parts of the world, but you can 10 the same kinds of food in many countries. Chinese and Indian foods, for example, are popular all over the world.1. A. popular B. difficult C. important D. enjoyable2. A. cause B

13、. keep C. hear D. make3. A. lively B. friendly C. lucky D. polite4. A. noisy B. quiet C. busy D. clean5. A. shout B. explain C. complain D. speak6. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. none7. A. until B. when C. unless D. since8. A. gatekeeper B. seller C. waiter D. visitor9. A. terrible B. common

14、C. serious D. unusual10. A. invent B. discover C. prefer D. find（一）【2019 广东省深圳市】Nowadays, lots of foreigners are learning Chinese. Like many of them, I 16 knew two words of Chinese (Ni Hao and Xie Xie) when I first came to Beijing, China in 2009. As you can guess, my life was 17 for a while after I

15、arrived. Simple tasks like ordering food or taking a taxi were quite stressful.I knew I had to learn more Chinese, so I 18 a Chinese class. My teacher was 19 , although I didnt learn enough to have a real conversation. Later I studied on my own as well, but my progress was still slow. And I decided

16、to 20 .Around this time, I started playing in a band with a Chinese man who became one of my best friends in Beijing. He taught me a lot of 21 about music, such as melody. He learned a lot of English from me in return, so it was a good way to 22 language and culture.I have learned enough Chinese to

17、23 many problems like booking train tickets. These days, there are more foreigners who are studying Chinese. I can 24 why its an amazing language. Finally, I found that the best way to learn a 25 is to make friends with native speakers and spend time with them.16. A. usuallyB. onlyC. hardly17. A. ea

18、syB. interestingC. difficult18. A. missedB. attendedC. taught19. A. helpfulB. cheerfulC. thankful20. A. make upB. put upC. give up21. A. wordsB. namesC. jokes22. A. changeB. imagineC. exchange23. A. deal withB. look forC. think of24. A. hopeB. realizeC. doubt25. A. languageB. subjectC. task（二）【2019

19、黑龙江省哈尔滨市】The summer vacation is coming. During the vacation, you can do what you like and prepare yourself for the future. Youll enjoy this period of time to the fullest with the help of the following _21_.Take exercise. After working hard for months, you must be bored. Taking exercise is the best w

20、ay to get _22_ again. Swimming and walking are perfect choices for you. All kinds of exercise _23_ your health.Master some basic life skills. You will live an _24_ life one day. Therefore, you should learn some necessary and useful skills such as washing clothes and cooking. At the same time, you ca

21、n help your parents _25_ housework to express your thanks to them.Go travelling. The world is a book. Those who dont travel only read one page. Travelling is so _26_. Have you made your own 

22、travel plan? If not, do it _27_! During the trip, you will have a chance to learn more knowledge. While learning about different cultures and customs. You will also make a lot of friend.Enjo

23、y time with family members. Family members play an important role in your life. They give you love, care and support all the time. Dont _28_ to spare some time to

24、60;get together with them. You will find _29_ great to stay with them, talking about dreams, hobbies or anything you like. _30_ you follow what is mentioned above, you will ha

25、ve a wonderful vacation.21. A. suggestionsB. classesC. teams22. A. dangerB. moneyC. energy23. A. are good atB. are good forC. are good with24. A. asleepB. impoliteC. independent25. A. forB. withC

26、. to26. A. terribleB. uselessC. interesting27. A. so farB. at onceC. no longer28. A. forgetB. to forgetC forgetting29. A. itB. oneC. that30. A. ThoughB. Even ifC. As long 

27、;as（三）【2019 湖南省岳阳市】Have you ever been to Thailand? For thousands of tourists from China, this small country in Southeast Asia is an excellent place to 1 . Bangkok（曼谷）is the 2 of Thailand. There are many temples（寺庙） in Bangkok. You can 3 some monks（僧侣） walking along the streets. The 4 time to visit T

28、hailand is from April 13th to 15th，because it is the time of 5 . People sing, dance and go on the streets to 6 water at each other. The local people think that water can wash away bad things and bring good luck. On the one hand, beaches and sunshine are a lot of travelers choices. In this country, t

29、here are many hotels facing the sea, so you can have fun on the beach or 7 in the sea. On the other hand, Thailand is a good place to try 8 food. You can eat seafood at any restaurant or buy some tropical（热带的） fruit such as mangoes and durians（榴莲）at 9 prices. If you go to Thailand, you wont forget t

30、o 10 an elephant. The elephant is a symbol of Thailand. Its believed that Thailand is one of the most fascinating travel places. 1. A. take a holidayB. take the busC. take risks2. A. worldB. countrysideC. capital3. A. hearB. seeC. listen4. A. mostB. worstC. best5. A. the Water FestivalB. ChristmasC.

31、 Thanksgiving6. A. lookB. throwC. arrive7. A. swimB. walkC. lose8. A. terribleB. sourC. delicious9. A. cheapB. expensiveC. low10. A. hitB. rideC. drive（四）（2018年江苏省徐州市）What will the future world be like? Many people are glad to give their 1 . Here are two imaginations about the world of 2 . When peop

32、le talk about the future, we like to think that we'll have our own personal flying car. We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights, 3 roads and speeding tickets. 4 ，some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars. One big problem is: what will happen if the flying car

33、s 5 ? Then there will be problems with traffic control. Also, if 6 become popular, there will surely be too much air traffic. 7 it seems that flying cars will face more than a few problems if they are to get off the ground! Imagine you have your own Ironman 8 . Several companies are trying to build

34、a practical robot "exoskeleton". This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement. It will 9 the wearer to lift heavy objects, walk a long way and even punch through walls! It is 10 in many ways, especially for people with disabilities. This suit might help people to walk

35、again after 11 or injury（受伤）. But the disadvantage at the moment is the 12 . Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds. Another problem is battery life. A suit like this needs a lot of 13 and batteries only last about 15 minutes at the moment. One other problem is that a badly prog

36、rammed robot wearer. You wouldn't want your robot leg or arm bending（弯曲） suit could 14 the wrong way car above our heads. So in the future, 15 we might be able to fly to work and lift a there are plenty of problems to solve before this will be possible.1. A. suggestions B. instructions C. opinio

37、ns D. reasons2. A. past B. yesterday C. present D. tomorrow3. A. empty B. wide C. busy D. dirty4. A. Moreover B. Instead C. In fact D. However5. A. put down B. break down C. write down D. calm down6. A. they B. you C. we D. I7. A. And B. But C. So D. or8. A. gloves B. suit C. helmet D. shoes9. A. as

38、k B. wish C. invite D. allow10. A. beautiful B. peaceful C. colorful D. useful11. A. disease B. holiday C. work D. party12. A. quality B. price C. need D. number13. A. chances B. power C. rest D. experience14. A. hurt B. attract C. protect D. attack15. A. whether B. unless C. although D. until（一）（20

39、18-2019学年芜湖市九年级第一学期英语期末试卷）Colour is a part of life. The whole world is full of colours. Almost 1 has a colour. Some things are yellow like cheese, lemons and bananas. 2 things are red. For example, warning signs are usually red. 3 is the colour of most spring leaves and grass. 4 is blue? Blue is the

40、 colour of 5 .We can also see the blue sky, blue eyes, blue birds and blue jeans. There are many 6 colours too, such as orange, brown, purple, white and black.The world changes its colours with the 7 of the year. Spring is green. Summer is red. It turns gold in autumn and then 8 in winter. When wint

41、er is gone and spring is back, the world turns green again. When winter is gone and spring comes back, the world turns green again. 9 a rainstorm you may see something that has many different colours in the sky. It is a rainbow. But 10 different colours, can you imagine what the world looks like?1.

42、A. none B. nothing C. something D. everything2. A. Few B. A little C. Lots of D. Little3. A. Green B. Red C. Yellow D. Blue4. A. When B. What C. Who D. Why5. A. the sun B. grass C. sea D. ground6. A. other B. another C. extra D. else7. A. months B. seasons C. days D. weeks8. A. red B. green C. yello

43、w D. white9. A. Until B. After C. Before D. But10. A. with B. without C. for D. within（二）（吉林省长春市朝阳区20182019学年度上学期9年级期末考试）My parents usually celebrate a special day by enjoying a special kind of ice wine called Canadian ice wine.My mother 1 told me the story of ice wine. To make it, people must freez

44、e grapes on the vine（葡萄树）. You might think this is strange, 2 it is true. Sometimes, a great new product is invented by accident. And thats exactly 3 we got ice wine.In the 1700s in Germany, a man was away from 4 farm in the autumn. The weather suddenly turned 5 and his grapes froze. When he tasted

45、the grapes, to his 6 , the grapes tasted so sweet. Then, he 7 to use these grapes to make some wine. Guess what? People really liked his wine. For two centuries, 8 was the only place making ice wine. Then a Canadian got the idea that this kind of wine could be 9 in Canada. After all, the winters are cold in Canada and thats the main 10 for making ice wine. After hard work, some grape farmers 11 the best process, and soon Canadian ice wine began to be sold all over the world.The story of ice wine got me thinking. What other inventions came about 12 ?