考点20 祈使句和倒装句-备战2022年中考英语考点一遍过 （原卷版）.doc

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1、考点20 祈使句和倒装句命题趋势： 在近五年中考题中，对祈使句的考查在单项选择等题型中有所体现，侧重考查考生的综合运用能力。中考考查重点：1. 否定的祈使句；2. 以let开头的祈使句；3. 祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换；4. 祈使句的应答语。考向一：祈使句的基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。1. 肯定的祈使句句型：动词原形其他成分。Be careful! 小心！Do祈使句表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。Close the door

2、, please. 请关门。2. 否定的祈使句常用句型：Dont动词原形其他成分。Dont be late for school again! 别再迟到了！用Never开头：Never动词原形其他成分。Never leave todays work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！3. Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let.not或Dont. Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。Dont let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。【典

3、例】【2020 凉山州】When I want to go out to play with my friends, my mother always says, “_ at home. Dont waste your time.”A. StayB. StaysC. To stayD. Staying考向二：祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1. Lets + 动词原形 + 其他可转换为Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? 。Lets go fishing this afternoon. =Shall we go fishing this afternoon? 2. 祈使句 + and/o

4、r + 简单句可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。Use your head, and youll find a way. =If you use your head, youll find a way. Hurry up, or well be late. =If we dont hurry up, well be late. 【典例】【2020 贵州铜仁市】Work hard, _your dream will come true.Well. I will do my best.A. soB. butC. andD. or考向三：祈使句的应答语1. 以Lets开头的祈使句，其答语常用

5、Good idea. /OK. /Yes, Id love to. 等。Lets go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。Good idea. 好主意。2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I wont(do it again). 。Its going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。Dont play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。Sorry, I wont do it agai

6、n. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。 【典例】Wish you good luck in the entrance exam. _. The same to you. A. Thank youB. See youC. Im sorry to hear that祈使句用法口诀祈使句，无主语，动词开头就可以。表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。要想变成否定句，Dont开头别忘记。1. Peter has made great progress in English recently._. He has been studying so hard these days.A. So have heB.

7、 So he hasC. So he haveD. So has he2. _ this rock music, please. Im afraid some people cant stand the noise!A. Stopping B. Stop C. Stops D. Stopped3. _ out your love. The world will become a nicer place to live in.A. Speak B. To speak C. Spoke D. Speaking 5. Tom,_ afraid of speaking in front of peop

8、le. You are the best one. A. dont B. not C. not be D. dont be6. What are the rules at your school? Don't run in the hallways and_ arrive late for class. A. not to B. won't C. don't D. no7. Tom, _late for school again. Sorry, I wont.A. isnt B. doesnt be C. dont be D. not be8. to bed early

9、 or you cant get up tomorrow morning.A. Going B. To go C. Goes D. Go1.【2020 黑龙江绥化】_ walk on the grass.A. DoesntB. DontC. Not2.【2020 上海市】Tom，_here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ All rightAcomeBcameCcomingDto come3.【2020湖北省咸宁市】My aim is to go to Wuhan University for further study.Work

10、hard, _ you can make it.A. ifB. soC. andD. unless4. 【2020辽宁营口】 _ the dishes after dinner, Tony. No problem, Mom.A. Washing B. Washes C. To wash D. Wash5.【2020湖南湘西中考】Please _ the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.A. puts B. put C. to put6. 【2020湖南邵阳中考】 How can I avoid the illn

11、ess, Sir?_ a mask when going out and wash hands with soap.A. Wears B. Wear C. To wear7. 【2020上海中考】Tom, _here to carry the luggage upstairs for me, will you? All right.A. come B. came C. coming D. to come8.【2020黑龙江绥化中考】 _ walk on the grass.A. Doesn't B. Don't C Not9. 【2020湖南长沙中考】_ your smartp

12、hones, and read for at least 30 minutes every day! You know, reading helps us to deepen our spiritual world.A. Put awayB. To put awayC. Putting away1. 【2020山东省济南市槐荫区中考二模】 Hey, Amy,_ in the classroom. Oh, sorry, Ms. King.A. not eatB. don't eatC. not eatingD. doesn't eat2. 【2020安徽省合肥市 二模】How a

13、bout taking a taxi there? It's faster. _. It's rush hour now, so it may take longer.A. Sounds greatB. Promise!C. Better notD. Take it easy3.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】Father said, “_ exercise every day, my child. Its good for your health.”A. TakingB. To takeC. TakeD. Taken4. 【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】 Lets go hi

14、king, _? OK. Lets go.A. do youB. dont youC. will youD. shall we5. 【2020济南市市中区二模】Wilson, _ your phone off or to silent. The meeting is about to start.All right.A. turnB. turnsC. to turnD. turning倒装句命题趋势：倒装句是英语中常见的句式。对于倒装句，主要考查学生在特定的结构中正确使用部分倒装和完全倒装，以及so+助动词/情态动/系动词+主语的用法。中考考查重点： 倒装句的构成和用法。考向一：部分倒装倒装条

15、件例句一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗？特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。Where have you been these days?这些天你到哪里去了？"only+状语/状语从句位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，

16、放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，had或should提到主语前。Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。" so. that.句型中，"so+adj. /adv.位于句首时。So fast did he run that we couldnt catch up with him. 他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他

17、。表示也(不) 的句式，即so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语形式。I dont like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它，也不在意它。某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not onlybut also，hardlywhen，nosoonerthan, notuntil等，主句用部分倒装。Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快！【易错警示】

18、1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案？2. so+主语+谓语结构不用倒装。Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。So he is. 的确。【典例】【2020 辽宁丹东】Tom is always ready to help others._. He often helps me with my English.A. So he isB. So he doesC. So is heD. So does he考向二：完全倒装倒装条

19、件例句表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out,up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。Here he comes. 他来了。分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。There be句型是全倒装的一种There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。作表语的such位于句首时Such

20、are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音!【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点，全部倒装谓在前。【典例】【2020 广西北部湾】I have never been to Hawaii. What about Mike?_.A. So has heB. Neither he hasC. Neither has he【辨析】so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语和neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语的区别区别so助动词/be动词/情态动词主语依附于肯定句，表示前

21、边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为也。neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为也不。Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。Mary didnt watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆也没看。【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用so主语be/助动词/情态动词。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是某人（物）也（不）是这样。这种结构中的助

22、动词/be动词/情态动词在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。倒装句速记口诀副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词，既不也不须倒装。表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。1. Im not going swimming this afternoon._. I have to help my mother d

23、o some cleaning.A. So am I B. So I am C. Neither am I D. Neither I2. I hope to visit Beijing one day. _. A. So I do B. So do I C. Yes, I hope to do D. Yes, I will 3.Jim and I will go to the post office this afternoon. _. _ go together? A. So I do; Why dont B. So do I; What about C. So I will; How ab

24、out D. So will I; Shall we4. Peter shut his mouth at the meeting all the time. How about Tom? _. A. He does so B. He did so C. So does he D. So did he5. I havent seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides._.A. Neither have I B. So have IC. Neither I haveD. So I have6. I have changed m

25、y job. _. A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have 1.【2020 黑龙江绥化】Will you go to the movies tomorrow? If you dont go, _.A. neither do IB. neither wont IC. neither will I2. 【2020 四川达州中考】It was the Dragon Boat Festival last Sunday. I drove to the Lianhua Lake to watch the boat races. How excitin

26、g! _, but I didnt see you there. A. So I did B. So did I C. So do I D. Neither did I1. 【2020 安徽省芜湖市三模】I have downloaded an app to order a taxi. _. Its really convenient.A. So did IB. Neither did IC. So have ID. Neither have I2.【2020 湖南省长沙市青竹湖三模】Would you like to go to the amusement park with us? If my twin sister doesnt go, _.A. neither I wouldB. so do IC. neither will I3.【2020 重庆市永川区质量检测一诊】I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. _.A. So have IB. So do IC. So I doD. So I have