考点38 短文填空之自由填空-备战2022年中考英语考点一遍过 （原卷版）.doc

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1、考点38 短文填空之自由填空把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空810个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。二、满分技巧1. 解题步骤：（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；（

2、3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等；（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什

3、么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。A下文是是关于以良好习惯开始青少年生活的小贴士（tips)，请根据上下文，把短文填充完整，每空一词。Tips for teenagersStep 1: Be active in class Giving a speech in class might be_71_ but it helps to make you feel more confident(自信）. It's OK_72_ you give the wrong answer. All smart students do and your classmates won't really

4、 care.Step 2: Getting enough rest People can't _73_ well when they are tired. Make sure you get enough sleep and take study breaks.Step 3: Develop healthy habits Starting your young life _74_good habits helps you have a healthy future. Do some exercise and eat healthy_75_.BLast Saturday, I went

5、out to see a film after supper. On my _36_ to the cinema, I met an Englishman. He looked puzzled (茫然的). So I walked up to him and said _37_ to him. His first_38_ was Kevin. I asked if I could help him. He told me he got _39_. He couldnt find his way to the hotel. So I gave up_40_ the film and took h

6、im to his hotel. While going there, I told him the great changes that had taken place _41_ my hometown in the past few years. Kevin told me _42_ interesting about his country.Though I didnt see_43_ film, I felt very happy. I had not only helped Kevin get out of trouble, _44_ also practiced my spoken

7、 English. I also realized that if I had not worked _45_ at English, I would not have been able to help Kevin.CMozart is one of the greatest composers who ever lived. He was born in 1756. When Mozart was three years old. He learned to play _54_ harpsichord, which is a kind of piano. Mozart began to c

8、ompose his own music at the age of five, and his father took him all over Europe to perform for kings and queens when he was still a child.Mozart could write down a piece of music _55_ if he had only heard it once. One day he went to hear a group of people singing in a big church in Rome. The song w

9、as very special. It was _56_ only once a year and only in the church. No one else was allowed to have the music. Mozart listened to the song. Although it was very difficult and long, Mozart went back home and wrote down the _57_ piece from memory. The head of the church heard about this, _58_ of bei

10、ng angry with Mozart, he gave him a prize.When Mozart grew up, people were not as interested in him _59_ before. He worked as a _60_ and a pianist, he taught people how to play the harpsichord, but he did not make much money. In 1791, he died at the age of thirty-five. He was so poor that there was

11、not enough money for him to have a proper grave. No one knows _61_ he is buried.DAs we all face the novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒), protecting yourself is the same as protecting others. Here is some safety _54_ for you from the World Health Organization (WHO) to help prevent the coronavinus.Stay away fr

12、om crowds and wear masks The virus can spread from person to person. If you have to go to crowded places, remember to wear a mask. Keep at least one meter of distance between _55_ and others, especially those who are coughing or sneezing.Why? The coronavirus can be spread through mucus droplets (粘液飞

13、沫) and travel one to two meters in the air before falling to the ground. The droplets can be spread _56_ by sneezing or coughing than by speaking. If you are too close, you can take in the virus. Wearing a mask can prevent droplets from reaching your face or mouth.Open the window to ventilate (通风) t

14、he room Keep proper indoor ventilation while you're at home. Open windows to let in fresh air during the day. It's best to do this three times a day for 15 minutes to half an hour each time.Why? According to the research, indoor air is often more polluted than outdoor air. The simple act of

15、opening a window even in cold weather can reduce the pollution. Therefore, keep the window open, _57_ you may catch the virus when it builds up to a certain amount.Keep up good habits Still, it's necessary for you to keep healthy habits such as eating a balanced and exercising often, as well as

16、getting _58_ sleep. Why? Doing these things can _59_your immune system (免疫系统), making it less likely for you to catch the virus. Good habits are directly related to fewer illnesses and better health. Wash hands properly Remember to wash your hands before eating, after going to the bathroom, coming h

17、ome, coming into contact with rubbish and touching animals. Avoid _60_ your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands.Why? Your hands might touch surfaces that can be polluted by the virus. This is especially important when you open doors which have been used by quite a few people. Washing your

18、 hands often _61_ soap and water for at least 20 seconds can stop the virus from entering your body.54. _55. _56. _57. _58. _59. _60. _61. _A（2020 吉林省） (b) 根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。New Greeting WaysThe novel coronavirus has made a big difference _61_ our lives. In many countries, it has also changed the

19、_62_ people greet each other. To help stop the spread of coronavirus, people give up their usual greeting styles and invent safe ways. Let's _63_ at them.In France and Italy, people learn to use their _64_ to greet people instead of kissing or hugging. In Iran, people try to shake _65_ rather th

20、an shake hands. An official from the WHO gives us three suggestions: waving hands, Thai "wai" and bumping elbows.What do you think of these new greetings?B（2020 吉林省）某校计划举行一次文艺表演活动，负责人Sandy向全校同学发出邀请。请根据下面的海报，帮助Jack和Alice补全其回复的内容，每空一词。Students Wanted for School ShowTime: From 3 p.m. to 5 p.m

21、.Friday, August 28thPlace: In the school music hallEmail: Sandy0717qq. comCome and show us!Dear Sandy,I am happy to get the information about the school show on _71_, August 28th. I want to _72_ in it. I'm good at singing and I can play the guitar, _73_. Could I get a chance please?Looking forwa

22、rd to your reply!JackDear Sandy,I'd like to take part in the school show in the music _74_. I'm in the school band. I can play the drums. And I can also dance. I really hope to _75_ myself. Can I be a member?Please reply to me soon.AliceC（2020 河南省）One day, I was reading my favorite magazine.

23、 My little girl 46 playing around me, which made my reading impossible. To get some peace, I tried a trick 47 keep her busy for a little while. I took a page out from my magazine with a printed map on it. I cut the map into pieces and handed them over to her, asking her to put those pieces together

24、and make 48 complete map again. But within several minutes, she was standing49 front of me with a perfect map in her little hands. Surprised, I asked her how she did it so quickly and easily. She smiled and said." Oh, Dad,50 is a man's face on the other side of the map. I just tried to make

25、 his face completely."Then she turned and ran outside to play, leaving me eyes wide and mouth open. Word Banktrick 把戏D（2020 湖南省岳阳市）E）阅读填空 根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Road-side business has become a hot topic recently. Premier （总理）Li Keqiang once said that road-side business can reflect commo

26、n peoples life lively.Last weekend, 5 college students decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school _41_ selling vegetables on the side of the road together.In the morning, they had to _42_ up at 3 oclock. First, they went to the farm near the city to buy different _43_

27、 of vegetables. To reduce （减少） the cost, they learn to bargain （讲价） with the farmers. Then they went back to the city as soon as _44_ to take up a street stall（摊位）.At about 6：30 a.m. after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top, they began to_45_ vegetables. They peddled （吆喝）loudly and ac

28、tively to attract customers. When the vegetables were not sold out, they gave them _46_ to homeless people. Two days _47_ , they earned （挣得） about 300 yuan.After this unusual experience, they shared their feelings with each _48_ . “We were tired, _49_ we gained a lot. Compared with hanging out, such

29、 social practice makes us learn _50_ difficult it is to make money.” said Wang Wen, who came up with this idea.E（2020 广东省）五、短文填空请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。Jane is a warm-hearted girl. She is only ten years old, _36_ she has big ideas of helping other kids.Jane took part i

30、n a winter camp _37_ the age of eight. During her stay in the camp, she went to visit some kids in poor areas. She felt sad that the kids there didnt have new clothes to _38_ and toys to play with. After she returned home, she kept thinking about _39_ to do to help those kids.One morning Jane saw so

31、me elder kids selling lemon juice by the street. They wanted to raise _40_ to help their friends. Then she came up with an _41_.With the help of her mother, Jane _42_ up her first lemonade stand (摊档). In a week, it made $52. Although it was only a _43_ money, she helped 12 kids with it! She felt ver

32、y excited when she saws smiles on _44_ faces.After that, her mother helped her start a program called Janes Lemonade for Love. Up till now, she has already raised _45_ than $17,000! She is going to spend the money on clothes, toys and books for the poor kids. F（2020 重庆市A卷）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短

33、文完整、通顺。We all want to live the life we dream of. However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us. Hope the following suggestions can help to ignore those_54_ and go ahead.Do What We Can ControlOne thing we can control is doing what we caneating healthily, exercising, reading and getting eno

34、ugh sleep. Doing the right things can help_55_ to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the_56_direction. However, we should also accept that there are many things we can't control.Take Calculated (预料到的) RisksSuccess doesn't come_57_risks. We all have to take risks in l

35、ife, but try to make sure those risks are calculated. For example, you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up and _58_ your own business. The thought is a start. But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really h

36、ad a plan. This is such a big risk that it will probably make you_59_want to take a risk again. So just start with a small risk.Don't Be Afraid of FailureThomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors in history. However, he_60_many times. Did you know Edison created an electric pen? A ghost mac

37、hine? Probably not. Well, that's because they were complete failures. But those failures put him one step_61_to success. Think of failures as milestones (里程碑) towards success.G（2020 重庆市B卷）根据下面短文内容, 在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词, 使短文完整、通顺。It's normal for the human mind to wander(走神). So many things may fil

38、l your mind and pull your thoughts in different directions. This isn't always _54_. Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation. However, wandering thoughts can also stop you _55_ getting things done, keep you up at night, or hurt your health. Don't worry. Try the following practic

39、e. Doing Exercise and ActivitiesSlow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing. By controlling your breathing, you bring your _56_ to work together with your body. Once you lose interest in what youre doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or eve

40、n lie down and think about_57_. These activities help a lot. Focusing on Tasks You're DoingDo one task at a time, it won't slow you down. Instead, it keeps your mind focused and youll be able to get more done _58_. While doing tasks, don't look around from time to time. If there's so

41、mething keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan. _59_ the time is up, refocus on your next task. Controlling Worrying ThoughtsWriting down or sharing your worries helps to get them out of your head. When there's a big task, it's understandable

42、to put it off. But by _60_ it bravely and trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts. If it doesn't work after you've tried everything, _61_that there are always things you can't change.A（2020 广东省珠海市第四中学中考一模）Bats like living in dark and wet places. There are all _36

43、_of viruses(病毒). Bats always live in groups, _37_the viruses can have larger "playgrounds" to grow and become more powerful.Bats are like humans in some way. Our similar genes (基因) make it easier for _38_to become sick with the same viruses.When bats fly, their body temperature can reach a

44、s _39_as 40 °C. Such temperature can kill weak viruses, but _40_ones will be alive and continue to grow. Bats have special protection systems _41_allow them to live with viruses without getting sick. Since they can fly, bats can spread viruses farther and more easily than other animals.Although

45、 wild animals carry many diseases, it doesn't mean that we should consider them _42_human's enemies. Each kind of animal plays _43_role in the ecosystem(生态系统) and all of them are important. The _44_we should learn from virus outbreaks(爆发) is to respect and _45_animals and to live in peace wi

46、th them, instead of hunting, killing, or eating them. Only in this way can we create a better world for our next generation.B（2020 吉林省中考英语综合模拟英语试题（一）2020年初新型冠状病毒肆虐，恐慌之中人们选择待在家中以防感染。中小学停课。学生们通过网络学习。起初，家长们对此持反对的态度。后来，他们相信这种方式是有益于孩子们的学习的。学校和老师们是否应该开放思想接受网络教育呢？阅读并完成下面短文，每空一词。The novel coronavirus made t

47、he spring of 2020 very different. As the virus can easily_71_from one to another, the students in primary and junior high schools didnt have to go to school. At the same time, online education has become popular among them. Students could learn on the Internet_72_of sitting in the classroom.At first, some parents were_73_online courses that would bring children myopia(近视)and some other influences, but after a few days of carefully watching, they believed online education would be _