考点32 任务型阅读之还原句子-备战2022年中考英语考点一遍过 （解析版）.doc

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1、考点32 任务型阅读之还原句子阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。二、满分技巧1. 解题步骤 （1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。 （2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。 （3）先易后难来解题。 （4）回读文章定答案。 2. 得分技巧 （1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。 （2）盯紧横线的前后词语。 通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提

2、高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟4050个词为宜。2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。 3. 解题技巧 通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。1. 如果问题设在段首 （1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两

3、句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。2. 如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a

4、 word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（6）

5、如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。AMost of us have made an exercise plan, but only a few can follow it. WebMD (an American website) has listed the following tips for making exercise a habit in your life. _41_Remember, there's no rule that says you

6、 have to go to a sports center or buy equipment like swimming suits. Many types of activities, such as pushup, can be done whenever it is rainy or snowy. _42_Don't go home first. Few people are so motivated that they will go out again and exercise after they go home and change clothes. _43_Tired

7、ness is not an excuse. While exercising, you breathe deeply and your body makes better use of the oxygen exchange. Then, you will feel energetic. _44_It's great when your clothes fit better. You can lift heavier things or take exercise longer. There's something good too, like getting a good

8、night's sleep or thinking more clearly. _45_Not everyone can start out with 10,000 steps a day. Use a pedometer, and find out your daily steps. And then, try your best to walk 300 extra steps each day. Finally, you can reach 10,000 steps a day.A. Exercise after work.B. Record your daily steps.C.

9、 Do activities you enjoy.D. Exercise even when you are tired.E. Notice that you are better than before.【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. E 45. B【解析】我们大多数人都制定了锻炼计划，但只有少数人可以遵循。文章列出了一些技巧可以使锻炼成为一种习惯。41题详解】根据Remember, there's no rule that says you have to.Many types of activities可知意为“并没有规则说你必须做活动类型有许多种”由此推知，

10、此处强调做自己喜欢的活动。故选C。【42题详解】根据Don't go home first. Few people are so motivated that they will go out again and exercise after they go home and change clothes.可知不要先回家，不然会没有动力再出去。因此应是工作后就锻炼。故选A。【43题详解】根据Tiredness is not an excuse.意为“疲倦不是借口。”因此应是即使累了也要锻炼。故选D。【44题详解】根据It's great when your clothes fi

11、t better. You can lift heavier things or take exercise longer. There's something good too, like getting a good night's sleep or thinking more clearly.可知全段落用的都是比较级，因此我们要注意到自己比以前更好。故选E。【45题详解】根据Use a pedometer, and find out your daily steps.意为“使用计步器，找出您的日常步数。”因此此段是记录您的日常步数。故选B。BHow to Invent a

12、 Product_16_It's unnecessary to think of something that no one has ever thought of before. Just ask yourself what exactly you are trying to improve or solve? If you want to build a better dust mop (拖把),how will it be better? What interesting or important part does it have? What could you do diff

13、erently?_17_Try coming up with 15 solutions in a minute, no matter how crazy. Or choose one of the solutions and ask how is that like my idea? "How and why does it work?" "When, where and how is it used?" "How is it described?" Let your questions and imagination come up

14、 with new ideas or find a different way of looking at a problem_18_Visit stores that offer products similar to what yours will do and even go as far as to ask store workers for products they might sell with a similar purpose. If you have a name for your product created, search this to find out wheth

15、er it is already being used. _19_This is often the longest part of inventing! Thomas Edison's lab tested more than 6,000 different materials for light bulbs before they came up with one that worked. Make the model until it works the way you want. Sometimes you might discover an entirely differen

16、t idea. _20_When you think you've got everything ready, it's time to make a working model of your invention - a prototype. This is what you'll use to show people what it will look like and how it will work. You can use this prototype to show and introduce to the people who might have int

17、erest.A. Research your invention.B. BrainstormC. Ask for advice.D. Find a problem worth solving.E. Make your invention to a reality.F. Build, test, rebuild, repeat.【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. E【解析】本文介绍了发明一个产品的过程：找到一个值得解决的问题；想出很多方法；调查和你的发明相似的产品；反复实验和重做；让发明成为现实。【16题详解】根据“Just ask yourself what exa

18、ctly you are trying to improve or solve? ”可知，此处表示找到一个可以提高或解决的方法，因此是找到一个可以值得解决的问题，故选D。【17题详解】根据“Try coming up with 15 solutions in a minute, no matter how crazy.”可知，此处表示进行头脑风暴，想出一些解决方法。故选B。【18题详解】根据“Visit stores that offer products similar to what yours will do and even go as far as to ask store work

19、ers for products they might sell with a similar purpose. ”可知，去调查一些和你的发明相似的产品，故选A。【19题详解】根据“Thomas Edison's lab tested more than 6,000 different materials for light bulbs before they came up with one that worked. Make the model until it works the way you want. Sometimes you might discover an enti

20、rely different idea.”可知，此处表示反复的实验，重做，故选F。【20题详解】根据“When you think you've got everything ready, it's time to make a working model of your invention - a prototype. ”可知，此处表示让发明成为现实，故选E。CTo be a Successful Online LearnerYou may be one of the increasing number of students who is doing the online

21、learning. Follow these tips to help you be a successful online learner. _16_Many students think that online classes require less work and are much easier. In fact, online classes have similar requirements to the traditional courses. Be prepared to do at least six hours of work a week in an online co

22、urse. During the weeks of finals and midterms, you need to make far more efforts. _17_ Every course has learning objectives. Course objectives are the basic thing for the course. Activities, tasks, and testin fact, everything in a course is from the objectives. If you understand the course objective

23、s, you will understand what is expected of you in the class. _18_ Students learn in different ways, and the teachers often use different kinds of teaching skills to meet the needs of different learning styles. Give new ways of learning a try, even if they seem different from what you're used to.

24、 Try to use technology to make learning better. _19_ Most communication in an online course happens through the written word. Discussion board, written tasks, and emails are all common ways of communication in online courses. This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communication i

25、s by talking face to face. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses. _20_ If you have questions or have problems in understanding, ask your teachers for help. Your teacher won't know if you don't understand something unless you tell him or her. Don't wait until you've mi

26、ssed the chance to be a better learner. If you follow the suggested tips you can succeed at online learning, and enjoy the experience all at once.A. Be open to the new ways of learningB. Pay attention to the course learning objectivesC. Do not lower your self- requirementsD. Make a new timetable for

27、 the online learning.E. Try to use the ways of learning actively.F. Be ready to ask questions in time.【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. F【解析】这篇短文就如何成为成功的网上学习者给出了几点建议。【16题详解】本段主要介绍不要以为网课需要少量工作更简单实际上网课和传统课程是相似的，所以不能降低自我要求，故选C。【17题详解】根据 “Every course has learning objectives. Course objectives are the bas

28、ic thing for the course.” 可知本段介绍课程学习目标的重要性，所以要关注课程学习目标，故选B。【18题详解】根据“Give new ways of learning a try, even if they seem different from what you're used to. Try to use technology to make learning better.”可知要接受新的学习方式，故选A。【19题详解】根据“This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communic

29、ation is by talking face to face. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses”可知要积极运用学习方法，故选E。【20题详解】根据“If you have questions or have problems in understanding, ask your teachers for help.”可知提出的建议和问问题有关，即要及时提问问题，故选F。DResearchers have discovered that， in general， it only takes seven seconds

30、 for a person to start making judgments about you when they first meet youThat's why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression （印象）_46_ Before meeting someone， start thinking about the purpose of the meeting Are you trying to impress them？ For example， if you w

31、ant to make new friends at a social event， you will want to appear friendly And if you decide to run for class president at your school， you will need to appear confident_47_ Smiling is the most important thing you can do when meeting someone new It shows that you're friendly and makes people ar

32、ound you feel more comfortable To have a winning smile， make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day_48_ Before you begin speaking， you will be judged on your body languageTherefore，it's important to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back Besides，

33、 if you uncross your arms， you will appear relaxed and friendly_49_ How you smell can influence people's first impression of youIf you have a bad body smell， it will put people off In short， aim to smell clean and avoid putting on a lot of scented products_50_ What you wear matters While you sho

34、uld look clean and tidy， it's also important to dress properly， whether you're going to a birthday party or a sporting event You should think about what your clothes say about youA. Dress to impressB. Be careful about your body languageC. Smell goodD. A smile goes a long wayE. Decide what im

35、age（形象）you want to present【答案】46. E 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述当一个人第一次见到你时，他只需要7秒钟就开始对你做出判断，详细地介绍了一些有用的技巧来帮助你创造一个好的第一印象。【46题详解】根据后句“Are you trying to impress them”可知说的是展示形象，结合选项，应说决定你想要展示什么形象，E选项“Decide what image you want to present”符合。故选E。【47题详解】根据后句“To have a winning smile, make sure

36、your teeth are clean by brushing them every day”可知说的是微笑，D选项“A smile goes a long way一个微笑影响深远”符合。故选D。【48题详解】根据后句“Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language”可知说的是肢体语言，B选项“Be careful about your body language注意你的肢体语言”符合。故选B。【49题详解】根据后句“How you smell can influence people's fir

37、st impression of you”可知说的是味道，C选项“Smell good好闻”符合，故选C。【50题详解】根据后句“What you wear matters”可知说的是穿什么，A选项“Dress to impress穿衣打扮给人留下印象”符合，故选A。EAmerican and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences betwee

38、n British English and American English._12_Often, Americans dont say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I dont know”. Or they may say “Whaddya say?” instead of “What did you say?” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They

39、usually say all the words and keep them separate.Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too._13_Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries._14_In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you

40、“phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”.There are also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook?” But the British often leave out the helping verb._15_Most languages are like this. La

41、nguages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what has happened to English. It can also happen to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.阅读上面短文，从

42、下面选项中选择合适的句子填入文中空白处，有一项为多余选项。A. They say “Have you a storybook?”B. It can also happen to other languages, such as French.C. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.D. First of all, they sound very different.E. Many expressions are also different in the two countries.【答案】12

43、. D 13. C 14. E 15. A【解析】这篇短文为我们讲述了美国英语和英国英语之间的不同，包括读音、词义、语法及固定表达等。【12题详解】根据下文的介绍可知，美国人通常不会把每个词分开说。他们一起说几个字。而英国人通常把所有的词都说出来，并把它们分开。可知，此处是说它们听起来很不一样。这是第一个不同点。因此选择First of all, they sound very different. 首先，它们听起来很不一样。故选D。【13题详解】根据“Words sometimes have different meanings too.”单词有时也有不同的意思。以及下文“Americans

44、 drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.”可知，此处应该介绍它们的词义不同。因此选择For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. 例如，汽车和驾驶的词汇就非常不同。故选C。【14题详解】根据“In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you“phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”.”可知，这是介绍了它们的表达方式也

45、不同。因此选择Many expressions are also different in the two countries. 在这两个国家，许多表达方式也不同。故选E。【15题详解】根据“There are also some differences in grammar.”语法上也有一些不同。可知，此处应该举例说明语法不同在什么地方。因此选择They say“Have you a storybook?”他们说“你有故事书吗？”故选A。F_81_It's a friendly way people in the United States greet each other. But

46、 "How are you?" is also a very unusual question. It's a question that often doesn't have an answer.When a person meets a friend on the street and asks "How are you?", the person doesn't really expect to hear an answer such as "I really don't know what's w

47、rong with me.I thought I had a cold.I look some medicine, but that didn't help much, so I'll go to the doctor." The person who asks"How are you'" expects to hear the answer "Fine." even if the other person isn't! The reason is that "How are you?" is

48、n't really a question and "Fine" isn't really an answer. _82_Sometimes, people also don't say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks "Do you agree?", the other person might be thinking "No, I disagree. I think you're wrong." But it isn

49、9;t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say, "I'm not so sure." _83_People also don't say exactly what they are thinking when they finish conversations with other people. For example, many conversations over the phone end when one person says, "I've got t