备考2022中考英语试题分项详解(全国版)专题2 名词 解析版.docx
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1、专题02名词2021年1.【2021山东东营】-Why do people never cut up the on their birthdays? -Because they are a symbol of long life. A. eggs B. cakes C. noodles D. dumplings【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:为什么人们在生日时从不切断面条?因为是长寿的标志。A. eggs蛋;B. cakes蛋糕;C. noodles面条;D. dumplings饺子。生日,吃长寿面,人们不剪断意味着“长寿”,故选C。考点: 考查名词。2.【2021山东东营】 Great f
2、or football lovers-more than 50,000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025. A. news B. message C. situation D. information【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:足球爱好者的好消息:2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校。A. news新闻,消息;B. message消息,信息;C. situation情境,形式;D. information消息,信息。Message, information是有关某事物的信息;news则
3、指大的消息,新闻。“2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校”是重大的新闻消息:news。故选A。考点:考查名词辨析。3.【2021山东东营】-Are you sure this is a photo _, the famous comedy actress? -It surprised you, didn't it? But she was once really thin. A. Jia Ling B. Jia Ling's C. of Jia Ling D. of Jia Ling's【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:你肯定这是著名喜剧演员贾玲的一张相片吗
4、?使你吃惊,是不是?但是她曾经真的很瘦。一张的相片:a photo of sb(指照片上拍摄的是某人);a photo of ones(指照片是某人的摄影作品)。本题指照片上是贾玲。故选C。考点: 考查名词所有格。4.【2021山东德州】Bill will be aan _ to interview the football plays in the coming Rio 2021 Olympics.A. guest B. reporter C. tourist D. freely【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:在即将来到的2021年里约奥运会中,比尔将是一名记者采访足球运动员。A.嘉宾;B
5、.记者;C.游客;D.工程师。结合句意和语境可知选B。考点:考查名词辨析。5. 【2021重庆】 -Its hot today. Have some _, please. -No, thakns. Im not thirsty at all. A. waterB. potatoesC. breadD. cakes【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:-今天很热。请喝一些水。-不,谢谢。我一点都不渴。water水;potatoes土豆;bread面包;cakes蛋糕。根据答语中Im not thirsty at all.可知该选A。考点:考查名词辨析。6. 【2021重庆】Its sports ti
6、me. Most _ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A. boyB. boysC. boysD. boys【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:是做运动的时间了。一班的大多数男学生正在操场上踢足球。名词作定语通常用单数形式,所以选A。考点:考查名词作定语。7. 【2021湖北襄阳】-Look! So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.-Theyre for public. This of green smart traffic is everywhe
7、re in Xiangyang city.A. number B. pair C. kind D. piece【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:看!有这么多五颜六色的自行车在那边排成了两条线。他们是公用的。这种绿色智能交通在襄阳市到处都是。number数量;pair对,双;kind 种类;piece片,张,块。结合语境,所以选C。考点:考查名词辨析。8. 【2021江苏苏州】Steve Jobs was full of always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society .A. instruction B.
8、 invitation C. introduction D. invention【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法,这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令;invitation邀请;introduction介绍,说明;invention发明。结合语境,所以选D。考点:考查名词辨析。9. 【2021海南】Theres little left at home. Go and buy some, dear.A.carrotsB. potatoesC. rice【答案】C【解析】 试题分析:句意:家里剩的马铃薯不多了,去买一些吧。A.ca
9、rrots胡萝卜;B. potatoes马铃薯;C. rice大米。因为空格前有little,它修饰不可数名词,rice是不可数名词,故选C。考点:考查名词辨析。10【2021山东青岛】Nancy took her temperature and found she had a _.A. coughB. toothacheC. cold D. fever【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:南希量了她的体温,发现她发烧了。cough咳嗽;toothache牙痛;cold感冒;fever发烧。结合语境,所以选D。考点:考查名词辨析。11. 【2021湖北孝感】Mom, I will eat less
10、 fast food this year, believe me.If you make a _, you must keep it.A. joke B. noiseC. mistakeD. promise【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:-妈妈,我今年将会少吃快餐,相信我。-如果你许下诺言,你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话;noise吵闹;mistake错误;promise诺言。结合语境,所以选D。考点:考查名词辨析。12. 【2021重庆】Its cold today. Take your with you when you go out.A. knife B. coat C. brush D
11、. key【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:今天天气冷,当你出去的时候,请带上你的外衣。A. knife 小刀; B. coat外衣; C. brush 刷子; D. key钥匙。根据Its cold today.可知,这里指的是出去带着外衣,故选B。考点:考查名词词义辨析。13. 【2021江西】 Some old people need a _ because they feel lonely. A. gift B. stick C. pet D. watch【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:因为一些老人感觉孤单,需要有宠物陪伴。A. gift礼物;B. stick棍子; C. pet 宠
12、物; D. watch手表。根据常识可知,这里指老人需要的是宠物。故选C。考点:考查名词词义辨析。14. 【2021江苏连云港】-It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language. -Yes, it's a major way of for them. A. suggestionB. vacationC. productionD. communication【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:-对于聋哑人学手语是有用的。-是的,对于他们来说主要的方式是交流。A. suggestion建议; B. vacation假期;
13、C. production成果,产品; D. communication交流,通讯。根据常识可知学习手语的目的是交流,故选D。考点:考查名词词义辨析。2017年1.【2017年上海中考】Did the policeman give much _ on how to protect personal information? A. note B. tip C. advice D. book【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:就如何保护个人信息,警察给出了很多建议吗?A. note通知;B. tip小费;C. advice建议;D. book书。A/B/D都不合题意,而且都是可数名词,而much修饰
14、不可数名词。advice建议,不可数名词。故选C。考点:考查名词辨析。2.【2017年湖北省宜昌市中考】The government is trying to develop winter sports for the 2022 Winter Olympics.-No wonder people are showing their in them.A. warmth B. interest C. victory D. standard【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:政府正在努力为2022冬奥会开发冬季体育项目。难怪人们都对它们表现出浓厚的兴趣。A.warmth,温暖,热情;B. intere
15、st,兴趣;C. victory,胜利;D. standard,标准。短语show ones interest in sth显示对某事的兴趣。根据句意和语境,故选B。考点:考查名词辨析。3.【2017年江苏省宿迁市中考】Could you give me a few on how to spend the coming summer holiday?-OK. Let me see.A. hobbies B. knowledge C. suggestions D. information【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:你能给我一些如何度过即将到来的暑假的建议吗?当然了,我想想看。A.hobbi
16、es习惯,B. knowledge知识;C. suggestions建议;D. information信息。根据句意,说话人是想得到怎样过暑假的建议,因而可以排除A、B、D三个选项。故选C。考点:考查名词词义辨析。4.【2017年陕西省中考】You should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody. It shows your _.A. shyness B. politeness C. quietness【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:当你和某人说话时,应该看着他的眼睛。这显示出你的礼貌。A.shyness羞涩,B.politeness;
17、礼貌C.quietness安静。根据句意,和人说话时注视着对方是有礼貌的行为,因而可以排除A、C两个选项。故选B。考点:考查名词词义辨析。5.【2017年陕西省中考】No matter what problems we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents us.A. are strict with B. are worried about C. are proud of【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:不管遇到什么问题,我们都应该去努力解决,即使失败了,老师和父母也会为
18、我们感到骄傲的。辨析三个形容词短语的意思,A. are strict with对严格B. are worried about为担心;C. are proud of为自豪。根据句意,可以排除A、B选项。故选C。考点:考查名词词义辨析。6.【2017年云南省昆明市中考】Many _are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city (文明城市).A. man B. woman C. volunteer D. volunteers【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:许多志愿者积极参加昆明建成文明城市的活动中。因为谓语动词用的是ar
19、e,是复数形式,所以句子的主语也用复数形式。A. man男士,是单数;B. woman妇女,是单数;C. volunteer志愿者,是单数;D. volunteers志愿者,是复数。根据题意这里应该用复数形式。故选D。考点:考查名词的单复数。7.【2017年苏州市中考】Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?Either day is OK. It makes no to me.A. choice B. change C. difference D. decision【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我们星期五还是星期六去?-哪天都可以。这对我无所谓。A. choi
20、ce选择; B. change交换;C. difference差别,区别;D. decision决定。故选C。考点:考查名词的词义辨析。2018年1. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high_ from the art community for this sculpturesA. pride B. praise C. promise D. progress【答案】B【解析】句意:吴伟,一位年轻的艺术家,受到了艺术界的高度赞扬。考查名词辨析题。A. pride自豪;B. praise称赞;C. promise允诺;D. pr
21、ogress进步。根据句意语境,可知praise符合句意,故选B。2. 【2018年江西中考】I live near a big _. It gets very noisy on match days.A. hospital B. store C. bank D. playground【答案】D【解析】句意:我住在一个大操场附近。比赛日非常吵闹。考查名词辨析题。on match days在比赛日;根据句意语境,可知是操场附近,故选D。3.【2018年内蒙古包头市中考】My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank h
22、im from the of my heart.A. bottom B. condition C. way D. surface【答案】A【解析】句意:我的老师给了我一些有用的建议,我想从心底里感谢他。考查名词辨析。A. bottom底部;B. condition条件;C. way方法;D. surface表面。根据前面My teacher has given me useful suggestions可知后面此处应是从心底里感谢老师,from the bottom of my heart视为固定词组,意为“从我的心底里”,结合选项,可知A选项符合题意,故答案选A。4. 【2018年山东省青岛
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