江苏专用2016届高考英语二轮语法专题复习动词和动词词组.doc

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1、动词和动词词组1【2012江西】We were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family.AmakeBturnCtakeDhave30【答案】A【解析】我们一致同意，这个小舍将会给我们的家庭营造一个完美的假日家园。make表“可以用作，可发展为”，与for连用。Turn表示“变为”，一般后跟into。2【2012辽宁卷】Rod loves clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.A. taking apart B

2、. giving awayC. making up D. turning off3-4【答案与解析】D 考查动词短语辨析。break in打断； 闯入； 开始工作；break up结束，散开；分解；break out爆发；break down崩溃，垮掉；出毛病；抛锚。题干意思是：他时不时地停下来擦去额头的汗水，因为空掉出毛病了。选D。5【2012全国II】We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down【答案】

3、C【解析】此处set about开始做. . .，后接名词、动名词；set up建立；set out开始做. . .，后接不定式；set down写下，记下。根据to paint可知选set out。句意：那天我们开始粉刷整个房子但只完成了前面的部分。【考点定位】考查动词短语的含义。6【2012天津卷】 Parents and children should communicate more to _the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.A. openB. narrowC. widenD. leav

4、e【答案】【B】7-9【答案】B【解析】此处put out熄灭； put down记下，写下；put away收拾，把东西放好；put together放在一起。句意：Mary非常擅长在课上记笔记。她能把她的老师说得每个词写下来。【考点定位】考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。10【2012浙江卷】Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_ preparing your business plan.A. set outB. set aboutC. set offD. set up【答案】B【解析】根据句意：有这么些个你所收集的信息，你

5、可以着手【set about doing sth】准备你的商业计划了。Set out to do sth着手；set off出发；set up建立，均不符合语境，故排除。11【2012浙江卷】According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to_from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.A. differB. shrinkC. failD. decline【答案】D【解析】根据句意：根据科学家研究，我们的精神气在22岁达到高峰值之后便从27岁开始下滑【decline

6、】。Differ不同；shrink缩水；fail失败、衰竭，均不符合语境，故排除。12【2012湖北卷】Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to _ our schools campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.A. sponsorB. launchC. organize D. plan【答案】A【命题立意】考查动词辨析。难度中等。【解题思路】该句意为：两位律师捐赠了5，0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动A项意为“赞助”，符合句

7、意；B项意为“发射，开办”，C项意为“组织”，D项意为“计划”，都与句意不同。故A项正确。13【2012湖北卷】Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and _ every page of my draft.A. approvedB. quotedC. polishedD. folded【答案】C【命题立意】考查动词辨析。难度中等。【解题思路】句意为：最后，我要感谢我的辅导老师，他给我的论文提出了很多批评和建议，并对每张稿件作了推敲。C项意

8、为“推敲”,符合句意,故C项正确。A项意为“通过”，B项意为“引用”，D项意为“折叠”，都与句意不符。14【2012湖北卷】Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.A. hold up B. keep up C. set up D. take up【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词短语辨析。难度中等。【解题思路】句意为：独自在黑暗中行走，男孩吹口哨保持勇气。B项意为“维持，不使低落”，符合句意。A项意为“举起”，C项意为“建立”，D项意为“拿起”，都与句意不符。15【2012湖北卷】Im so glad youve

9、come here to _ this matter in person.A. lead to B. see to C. turn to D. refer to【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词短语辨析。难度中等。【解题思路】句意为：很高兴你能来亲自负责这起事件。B项意为“负责”，符合句意；A项意为“导致”，C项意为“向求助”，D项意为“参考”，都与语意不符。16【2012江苏卷】- OK, Ive had enough of it. I give up.-You cantyour responsibilities.A. run off with B. run up against C. run

10、out ofD. run away from【答案】D【解析】run away from意为“逃离，躲避”，run off with意为“偷走；与私奔”；run up against意为“偶遇”；run out of意为“用完”。句意为：-好了，我已受够了，我放弃。-你不能逃避你的责任。根据句意，应选D项。17【2012安徽卷】The athletes years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up【答案】C

11、.本题考查动词词组，pay off 有很多含义：1 付清某人的工资并解雇他 偿清欠款等等 2. 对某人或某事进行报复 3.使人得益，有报偿 4.贿赂18【2013年福建】Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _ spending quite a lot of time with students.A. enjoysB. involvesC. practicesD. suggests【答案】B。本题考查动词词义辨异。enjoy喜欢、享受；involve包含、牵涉、使陷于、潜心于；practice练习、实习；suggest提议、建议

12、、启发。根据句意选B。句意：米歇尔找到一份在一所中学当老师的工作，这份工作需要在学生身上花很多时间。19【2013年福建】Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disastersA. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out【答案】C。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。turn down关小、调低、拒绝；turn out证明是、结果是、生产；break down分解、发生故障、失败；break out爆发。无线网络会瘫痪，所以选C。句意：当无线网络发生灾难性故障的时候，过时

13、的电话变得很重要。194【2013年湖北】While intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive【答案】C。本题考查动词词义辨析。sacrifice献祭；奉献；牲；substitute用替代； simplify简化；使简易； survive比活得长，经历之后还存在；幸存；句意：而聪明的人往往可以简化复杂的，而傻瓜则是极有可能使简单的更加复杂化。20【2013年

14、湖北】According to the law, all foreigners have to _ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register【答案】D。本题考查动词词义辨析。associate联合；结交； 联想； dispute辩论，争论；negotiate谈判，协商，交涉；register登记，注册 ;句意：根据法律规定，所有的外国人必须在两个星期内到当地警察局登记。21【2013年湖北】Butterflies _ a sweet liq

15、uid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.A. carry on B. feed on C. put on D. focus on【答案】D。本题考查动词短语辨析。carry on继续进行；feed on以为食；put on增加；穿上；上演；focus on致力于；使聚焦于；句意：蝴蝶以花产生的甜的液体为食，这些甜的液体也是蜜蜂和其他昆虫所要收集的。22【2013年湖北】In much of the animal world, night is the time_ for sleeppure and simple

16、.A. set aside B. set down C. set off D. set up【答案】A。本题考查动词短语辨析set aside把放置一旁；不理会；留出；set down制定；【使】放下；【叫】下车；记下set off出发；【使】开始；引起；点燃set up建立；准备； 安排；引起。句意：在大部分的动物世界里，晚上的时间纯粹是用于睡眠的。23【2013年江苏】23. The town is so beautiful! I just love it.Me too. The character of the town is well .A. qualified B. preserve

17、d C. decorated D. simplified【答案】B。本题考查动词词义辨析。本题中，动词的过去分词已具有形容词的性质。A. be qualified合格的；有资格的；B.be well preserved保存完好的；C. be well decorated装饰得很漂亮的；D. be simplified被简化的。根据句意，选B。句意：这座小镇是如此美丽！我真是喜欢它。我也是。小镇的特色保存的很完好。24【2013年江苏】Team leaders must ensure that all members_ their natural desire to avoid the emba

18、rrassment associated with making mistakesA. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over【答案】A。考查动词短语辨析。A. get over克服；恢复；熬过；B. look over查看；细看；仔细检查；C. take over接收，接管；D. come over过来，来访。根据句意，选A。句意：团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们发自内心的愿望想要避免犯错所带来的尴尬。25【2013年江西】Mother always complains that children _ their shoes very

19、 quickly.A. find out B. wash out C. wear out D. set out【答案】C.考查动词词组词义辨析。A.find out 搞清楚；B.wash out洗掉、冲掉；C.wear out穿坏、用坏；D.set out出发，开始。句意：妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋穿坏了。26【2013年江西】She _ the carpet with some very nice curtains in color.A. connected B. fitted C. equipped D. matched.【答案】D考查动词搭配。A.connectwith用把连接起来；B

20、.与fit经常搭配的介词是to“使适合，适应”；C.equipwith“用装备；使具备”；matchwith“使相配”。句意：她把彩色的漂亮窗帘与地毯搭配起来。27【2013年辽宁】Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires.A. get away B. take over C. set off D. run out【答案】B。本题考查动词短语辨析。A. get away逃跑B. take over接管，接任 C. set off引发D. run out用光，耗尽。根据句意，选择B。句意：当米切尔退休时布里格斯将接任总经理职务。

21、28【2013年陕西】My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has_.A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off【答案】B。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。四个短语的意思分别是“切断，删除”；“削减，砍倒”；“切碎，谴责”；“切掉，删去”；根据句意，“虽然没有戒烟，但至少是减量了”，应该用cut down。句意：我叔叔一直没能够戒烟，但至少他减量了。29【2013年天津】If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to_ a han

22、d.A. lend B. shake C. wave D. want【答案】A。本题考查动词的词义辨析。本题中一个lend a hand，伸出援助之手，帮某人忙，符合句意；shake意为“摇晃，晃动”，握手通常是shake hands with sb.，一般不用shake a hand，wave意为“摆动，挥舞”；而want意为“需要”，want a hand需要人手。句意：如果你有麻烦，马克总是乐于伸出援助之手。30【2013年天津】I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to .A. get away B. drop

23、 in C. check out D. hold on【答案】A。本题考查动词短语辨析。A get away意为“离开；逃掉；抽身”；B drop in意为“顺便拜访”；C check out意为“退房结帐；检验；通过考核”；D项hold out意为“伸出；拿出；呈现；抵抗”。句意：我今年原打算度假的，但是我实在抽不出身来。31【2013年新课标II】Would you like to_ with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through【答案】A。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。come

24、 along 的意思是“一起，一道”，符合句意，为正确答案；其他三个选项的意思分别是“离开，实现”，“偶然碰到；被理解”，“经历，安然度过”，均与句意不符，排除。句意：今晚想跟我们一起去看电影吗？32【2013年新课标II】The watch was very good, and he_ 20 percent down for it.A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent【答案】A。本题考查动词用法辨析。cost的主语必须是物，不能是人，排除选项B；用bought 的话，后面应该直接接买的东西，排除选项C；用spent的话，后面应该用on sth或者(in) do

25、ing ，排除选项D。【拓展】表示“花钱/ 时间买东西/做事情”的用法：【1】pay for 其主语必须是人 【2】spend on sth/ (in) doing 其主语必须是人 【3】cost 其主语必须是物 【4】It takes sb some time to do sth。句意：这块表非常好，他八折买的。33【2013年新课标I】At the last moment, Tom decided to_ a new character to make the story seem more likelyA. put upB. put in C. put onD. put off【答案】B

26、。本题考查动词短语辨析。put up举起；张贴；put in 使加入；适进入；put on 穿上；上演；put off 推迟。题干中的more likely提示，汤姆决定“添加”一个角色，故最佳答案是B。句意：在最后一刻，汤姆决定添加一个新角色来使故事显得更加真实。34【2013年浙江】When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to _it with important points.A. conclude B. lead C. avoid D. hold【答案】A。考查动词词义辨析。 根据语境“分组讨论快要结束时”，相对应

27、的是conclude结束，而“lead引领”该表示开始时， “void避免”违背语境，hold a discussion进行讨论。句意：当分组讨论快要结束时，务必要以要点总结讨论。35【2013年浙江】A good listener takes part in the conversation, _ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowingA. realizing B. copying C. offering D. misunderstanding【答案】C。考查动词词义辨析。在本句中只有offer能和ideas搭配并与raise

28、questions相对应。句意：一个好的听众会参与到谈话中，给出他们的想法，提出问题使得谈话继续下去36【2013年浙江】Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.A. pack up B. build up C. bring up D. take up【答案】B。考查动词短语辨析。 pack up整理；把打包，bring up提出；教育；养育；呕出；take up拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方)，build u

29、p逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强。在本句中build up fat stores表示积累脂肪储存。句意：熊在整个夏天到秋天积累脂肪，为了在冬天度过冬眠期。37【2013年安徽】Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they_on their life journey.A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off【答案】D。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：习惯上，大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们

30、开始自己的生活旅程之前鼓励自己。A，B，C三个选项的意思分别是“放弃”，“安下心来，定居”，“通过，做完”，均不符合句意，排除。38【2014安徽】Shakespeares writing is still popular today. It has really _ the test of time.Afailed BstoodCtaken Dconducted【答案】B考查动词词义辨析。根据前一句可推知，后一句意为“莎士比亚的作品经受住了时间的考验”。stand the test of time经受住时间的考验。fail the test of time未能经受住时间的考验。句意：莎士比亚

31、的作品今天依旧很受欢迎，它经受住了时间的考验。故选B。39【2014福建】 It is widely acknowledged that students should be _ in terms of overall quality.Asupported Bmatched Cevaluated Dcontrolled【答案】C 考查动词辨析。句意：(大家)普遍认为学生们应该得到全面的评价。support支持，支撑，抚养；match使相配，比得上；evaluate评价，评估；control控制，抑制，管理。根据句意可知选择C项。40【2014江苏卷】 Top graduates from un

32、iversities are _ by major companies.Achased BregisteredCoffered Dcompensated【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学里的优秀毕业生受到大公司的青睐。chase追逐，追求；register登记，注册； offer提供，提议； compensate补偿，赔偿。根据语境可知A项正确。41【2014江苏卷】 Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of Qu Yuan.Aremember BremindCrecover

33、Drecall【答案】 D考查动词词义辨析。句意：传说，端午节的缘由是为了召唤屈原的灵魂。remember记得；remind提醒；recover恢复；recall召唤，召回。根据语境可知D项符合语境。42【2014江西卷】 I dont believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to _ me.A. convince B. InformC. guarantee D. refuse【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信你所说的，但是如果你能证明，你也许能够说服我。convince说服；inform通知；gu

34、arantee保证；refuse拒绝。43【2014天津卷】 My parents always _ great importance to my getting a good education.A. have B. attach C. accept D. pay【答案】B考查动词。have 有；attach 粘附；attach great importance to 认为重要；accept 接受；pay付款。句意：我的父母总是重视我得到的教育。44【2014浙江卷】 Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to _ t

35、he pain，believing that it would go away sooner or later.Ashare Brealize Cignore Dcause【答案】C考查动词辨析。句意：上星期一只网球击中了我的头，但我努力去忘却它所带来的痛苦，因为我相信这种痛苦迟早会过去的。根据句意知，此处用ignore，表示“忽略，忽视”。share分享，分担；realize认识到；cause导致。故选C项。45【2014浙江卷】 No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can _ when the unexpected w

36、ill happen.Aprove Bimply Cdemand Dpredict【答案】D考查动词辨析。句意：无论你对自己的财务计划得多么仔细，没有人会预测到什么时候一些突发事件会发生。根据句意知，此处用predict，表示“预料，预测”。prove证实，证明；imply隐含，暗示；demand要求。故选D项。46【2014安徽卷】 Terry, please _ your cellphone when grandma is talking to you.Alook up from Blook intoClook back on Dlook through【答案】A考查动词短语。look u

37、p from从抬头往上看；look into调查；look back on回顾，回头看；look through仔细检查。句意：特里，祖母和你说话时，不要看着手机。故选A。47【2014安徽卷】 When the sports hero_ at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.Aturned up Bleft offCmoved on Dgot away【答案】A考查动词短语。turn up出现，露面；leave off停止，戒掉；move on出发，离开，继续前进，对采取行动；get away逃离，出发。句意：当那位体育明星出现在我们聚会上

38、时，人们张开双臂欢迎他。故选A。48【2014全国大纲】 Caroline doesnt have a gift for music, but she _ it with hard work.A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with【答案】C考查动词短语的用法。句意：卡罗琳没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。此处make up for意为“弥补”。根据句意选C。49【2014福建卷】 As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can

39、_ concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.Acatch sight of Bget hold of Ctake charge of Dmake mention of【答案】B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读她能得到的与音乐相关的所有资料，并且利用每一次机会去提高自己。catch sight of 看见，发现；get hold of把握，抓住，得到；take charge of负责，接管；make mention of提到，提及。根据句意可知选择B项。50【2014江苏卷】 Dad, I

40、 dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see. Ill go right away and _Apay him back Bpay him off Cput him away Dput him off【答案】B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“爸爸，我认为Oliver不是这项工作的合适人选。”“我明白了，我现在就付清工资解雇他。”pay back偿还，报答； pay off还清，付清工资予以解雇；put away处理，放好；put off推迟，延期。根据语境可知B项正确。51【2014江西卷】 Anyway, were h

41、ere now, so lets _ some serious work.A. come up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to【答案】B考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管怎么说，我们现在在这儿，因此让我们着手做一些重要的事情吧。come up with想起；get down to着手做；do away with废除；live up to实行，不辜负。52【2014陕西卷】 Ralph W. Emerson would always _ new ideas that occurred to him.A. set off B. set

42、about C. set up D. set down【答案】D考查动词短语。set off意为“出发，动身”；set about意为“开始，着手”，后跟动词v.ing形式；set up意为“设立，建立”；set down意为“记下，写下，卸下”。句意：Ralph W. Emerson总是记下出现在他头脑中的新想法。故选D。53【2014天津卷】 The two countries are going to meet to _ some barriers to trade between them.A. make up B. use upC. turn down D. break down【答

43、案】D考查动词短语。make up 组成，构成，编造，虚构，和解；use up用完；turn down 拒绝，关小；break down扫除(障碍)，清除(困难)。根据句中的关键词barriers，可知是扫除障碍，故选D。句意：两个国家将举行会面以扫除两国之间的贸易障碍。54【2014浙江卷】 How could you _ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?Aturn off Bturn inCturn down Dturn to【答案】C考查动词词组辨析。句意：你已经失业好几个月了，怎么还要拒绝这么

44、好的工作呢？ turn down表示“拒绝”，符合语境。turn off关掉；turn in转入，上交；turn to转向。全国各地模拟题1【英语卷2014届湖南省十三校高三第二次联考】When you long for life without difficulties, _ yourself that diamonds are made under pressureAto remind Bremind Creminding Dreminded知识点：本题考查句子结构【解析】前面是when引导的时间状语从句；后面则一定是主句，故一定要有谓语动词，所以答案选B。思路点拨：句子结构的判断关键是注

45、意连词、关系词；特别注意逗号不能连接两个句子。2【英语卷【解析】2014届湖北省襄阳五中、钟祥一中、夷陵中学三校高三五月联考】Actually, creative thinkers rarely come up with new ideas; instead, they _ old ideas into new ones, adapting them from one context to another.A. condemnB. convertC. contrastD. contradict知识点：动词【解析】选B。A. condemn谴责B. convert转换，变换C. contrast对比D. Contradict反驳，与.相矛盾 句意：实际上,创造性的思想家很少提出新观点;相反,他们把旧思想转换成新的,使它们适应不同的环境。选B。3【2014届湖北省襄阳五中、钟祥一中、夷陵中学三