PEC材料工程英语证书考试-高分子材料词汇教学内容.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。PEC材料工程英语证书考试-高分子材料词汇-PEC材料工程英语证书考试-高分子材料词汇新序码汉文名英文名注释1高分子macromolecule,polymer又称大分子。2超高分子suprapolymer3天然高分子naturalpolymer4无机高分子inorganicpolymer5有机高分子organicpolymer6无机-有机高分子inorganicorganicpolymer7金属有机聚合物organometallicpolymer8元素高分子elementpolymer9高聚物highp

2、olymer10聚合物polymer11低聚物oligomer曾用名齐聚物。12二聚体dimer13三聚体trimer14调聚物telomer15预聚物prepolymer16均聚物homopolymer17无规聚合物randompolymer18无规卷曲聚合物randomcoilingpolymer19头-头聚合物head-to-headpolymer20头-尾聚合物head-to-tailpolymer21尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tailpolymer22反式有规聚合物transtacticpolymer23顺式有规聚合物cistacticpolymer24规整聚合物regularpo

3、lymer25非规整聚合物irregularpolymer26无规立构聚合物atacticpolymer27全同立构聚合物isotacticpolymer又称等规聚合物。28间同立构聚合物syndiotacticpolymer又称间规聚合物。29杂同立构聚合物heterotacticpolymer又称异规聚合物。30有规立构聚合物stereoregularpolymer,tacticpolymer又称有规聚合物。31苏型双全同立构聚合物threo-diisotacticpolymer32苏型双间同立构聚合物threo-disyndiotacticpolymer33赤型双全同立构聚合物eryth

4、ro-diisotacticpolymer34赤型双间同立构聚合物erythro-disyndiotacticpolymer35全同间同等量聚合物equitacticpolymer36共聚物copolymer37二元共聚物binarycopolymer38三元共聚物terpolymer39多元聚合物multipolymer40序列共聚物sequentialcopolymer41多层共聚物multilayercopolymer42多相聚合物multiphasepolymer43统计结构共聚物statisticalcopolymer44无规共聚物randomcopolymer45交替共聚物alte

5、rnatingcopolymer46周期共聚物periodiccopolymer47梯度共聚物gradientcopolymer48嵌段共聚物blockcopolymer又称嵌段聚合物(blockpolymer)。49递变嵌段共聚物taperedblockcopolymer50两亲嵌段共聚物amphiphilicblockcopolymer51二嵌段共聚物diblockcopolymer52三嵌段共聚物triblockcopolymer53多嵌段共聚物segmentedcopolymer54杂聚物heteropolymer55恒组分共聚物azeotropiccopolymer56多组分共聚物m

6、ulticomponentcopolymer57单分散聚合物monodispersepolymer,uniformpolymer58多分散性聚合物polydispersepolymer,non-uniformpolymer59高分子共混物polyblend,polymerblend60聚合物-聚合物配合物polymer-polymercomplex61聚合物-金属配合物polymer-metalcomplex62单股聚合物single-strandpolymer63双股聚合物double-strandpolymer64多股聚合物multi-strandpolymer65链型聚合物chainpo

7、lymer66碳链聚合物carbonchainpolymer67杂链聚合物heterochainpolymer68杂环高分子heterocyclicpolymer69大环聚合物macrocyclicpolymer70直链高分子straightchainpolymer71线型聚合物linearpolymer72体型聚合物three-dimensionalpolymer又称网络聚合物(networkpolymer)、交联聚合物(crosslinkedpolymer)。73活性高分子livingpolymer74反应性聚合物reactivepolymer75极性聚合物polarpolymer76非极

8、性聚合物non-polarpolymer77刚性链聚合物rigidchainpolymer78半柔性链聚合物semi-flexiblechainpolymer79柔性链聚合物flexiblechainpolymer80刚棒高分子rigidrodpolymer81棒状高分子rodlikepolymer82刚-柔嵌段共聚物rodcoilblockcopolymer83树状高分子dendrimer,dendriticpolymer,treepolymer84刷状聚合物brushpolymer85线团状聚合物coilingtypepolymer86花菜状聚合物cauliflowerpolymer87螺

9、旋形聚合物helicalpolymer88锥形共聚物taperedcopolymer89梯形聚合物ladderpolymer90分段梯形聚合物stepladderpolymer91部分梯形聚合物partialladderpolymer92碳环梯形聚合物carbocyclicladderpolymer93梳形聚合物combpolymer94星形聚合物starpolymer95遥爪聚合物telechelicpolymer96支化聚合物branchedpolymer97超支化聚合物hyperbranchedpolymer98接枝聚合物graftpolymer又称接枝共聚物(graftcopolyme

10、r)。99核-壳共聚物coreshellcopolymer100核-壳胶乳聚合物coreshelllatexpolymer101手性高分子chiralpolymer102互穿聚合物网络interpenetratingpolymernetworks,IPN103半互穿聚合物网络semi-interpenetratingpolymernetwork(SIPN)104异质同晶聚合物polyallomer105多晶形聚合物polycrystallinepolymer106缔合聚合物associationpolymer107共轭聚合物conjugatedpolymer108螯合聚合物chelatepol

11、ymer109远螯聚合物telechelicpolymer110螯合型离子交换剂chelatingion-exchanger111螯合型树脂chelatingresin112紫胶shellac又称虫胶。113蚕丝naturalsilk114骨胶原collagen115凝胶gel116明胶gelatin117黄原胶xanthategum118琼脂agar-agar119树胶gum120白蛋白albumin121脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleicacid（DNA）122淀粉amylum，starch123直链淀粉amylose124支链淀粉amylopectin125甲壳质chitin1

12、26葡聚糖dextran又称右旋糖酐。127糊精dextrin128木素lignin129纤维素cellulose130纤维素cellulose131纤维素cellulose132纤维素cellulose133硝酸纤维素cellulosenitrate又称硝化纤维素。134胺纤维素aminecellulose135乙酸纤维素celluloseacetate俗称醋酸纤维素。136甲基纤维素methylcellulose137羟乙基纤维素hydroxyethylcellulose138羧甲基纤维素carboxymethylcellulose139天然橡胶naturalrubber140三叶橡胶He

13、vea141杜仲胶Eucommearubber142古塔波胶Guttapercha143合成聚合物syntheticpolymer144加成聚合物additionpolymer145通用高分子commoditypolymer146功能高分子functionalpolymer147仿生高分子biomimeticpolymer148形状记忆高分子shape-memorypolymer149类酶高分子enzymelikepolymer150生物高分子biopolymer151生物弹性体bioelastomer152生物活性高分子bioactivepolymer153生物可蚀性高分子bioerodab

14、lepolymer154生物降解高分子biodegradablepolymer155医用高分子medicalpolymer156生物医用高分子biomedicalpolymer157高分子药物polymerdrug158降解性高分子degradablepolymer159高性能高分子highperformancepolymer160高模量聚合物highmoduluspolymer161特殊性能高分子specialitypolymer又称特种高分子。162智能聚合物intelligentpolymer163亲水聚合物hydrophilicpolymer164疏水聚合物hydrophobicpol

15、ymer165两亲聚合物amphiphilicpolymer166吸水性聚合物waterabsorbentpolymer167水溶性高分子watersolublepolymer168大孔聚合物macroporouspolymer169精细高分子finepolymer170聚合物-polymer俗称米花状聚合物(popcornpolymer)。171热解聚合物pyrolyticpolymer172高熔聚合物dystecticpolymer173光响应高分子photoresponsivepolymer174光活性聚合物opticalactivepolymer175光敏聚合物photosensiti

16、vepolymer176光弹性聚合物photoelasticpolymer177感光聚合物photopolymer178光致发光聚合物photoluminescencepolymer179电致发光聚合物electroluminescentpolymer180热敏发光聚合物thermosensitiveluminescencepolymer181光交联聚合物photocrosslinkablepolymer182光固化聚合物photocureablepolymer183辐射固化聚合物radiationcurablepolymer184光降解聚合物photodegradablepolymer185

17、辐射降解聚合物radiation-degradablepolymer186光电导聚合物photoconductivepolymer187导电聚合物conductingpolymer188超导聚合物superconductivepolymer189高分子半导体semiconductingpolymer190电活性聚合物electroactivepolymer191压电高分子piezoelectricpolymer192热电性高分子pyroelectricpolymer193电致变色聚合物electrochromicpolymer194磁性聚合物magneticpolymer195超离子导电聚合物

18、superion-conductivepolymer196铁磁聚合物ferromagneticpolymer197铁电聚合物ferroelectricpolymer198烧蚀聚合物ablativepolymer199高分子离子macroion200聚合物驻极体polymerelectret201高分子添加剂polymericadditive202液晶高分子liquidcrystalpolymer203溶致液晶高分子lyotropicliquidcrystallinepolymer204热致液晶高分子thermotropicliquidcrystallinepolymer205侧链型液晶聚合物s

19、idechainliquidcrystallinepolymer206主链型液晶聚合物mainchainliquidcrystallinepolymer207高分子催化剂polymercatalyst208高分子载体polymericcarrier,polymersupport209高分子试剂polymerreactant,polymerreagent210离子交联聚合物ionomer211离子交换聚合物ionexchangepolymer212离子交换树脂ionexchangeresin213正离子交换树脂cationexchangeresin214负离子交换树脂anionexchanger

20、esin215大网络树脂macroreticularresin216离子聚合物ionicpolymer217聚电解质polyelectrolyte又称高分子电解质(polymerelec-trolyte)。218两性聚电解质polyampholyte,polyamphotericelectrolyte219聚合物溶剂polymersolvent220树脂resin221热敏性树脂thermallysensitiveresin222天然树脂naturalresin223热塑性树脂thermoplasticresin224热固性树脂thermosettingresin225塑性体plastomer

21、226烃类树脂hydrocarbonresin227石油树脂petroleumresin228茚树脂indeneresin229苯并呋喃-茚树脂coumarone-indeneresin230萜烯树脂terpeneresin231丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂acrylonitrile-butadiene-styreneresin简称ABS树脂。232丙烯腈-苯乙烯树脂acrylonitrilestyreneresin(AS)233丙烯酸酯类树脂acrylicresin234氟碳树脂fluorocarbonresin235缩醛树脂acetalresin236缩甲醛树脂methylalresin23

22、7缩丁醛树脂butyralresin238酚醛树脂phenol-formaldehyderesin,phenolicresin239甲阶酚醛树脂resol又叫可溶酚醛树脂。240乙阶酚醛树脂resitol又叫半熔酚醛树脂。241丙阶酚醛树脂resite又叫不溶不熔酚醛树脂。242糠醛树脂furfuralresin243糠醛苯酚树脂furfuralphenolresin244苯酚醚树脂phenoletherresin245呋喃树脂furanresin246氨基树脂aminoresin247脲醛树脂urea-formaldehyderesin248聚脲树脂carbamideresin又叫碳酰胺树脂

23、。249尿素树脂urearesin250三聚氰胺树脂Aminotriazineresin251三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂melamine-formaldehyderesin,melamineresin252聚酯类树脂polyesterresin253醇酸树脂alkydresin254烯丙基树脂allylresin255有机硅树脂siliconeresin256氟树脂fluoroethyleneresin257环氧树脂epoxyresin258脂肪族环氧树脂aliphaticepoxyresin259双酚A环氧树脂bisphenolAepoxyresin260氧化还原树脂redoxresin261烯类聚

24、合物vinylpolymer262双烯聚合物dienepolymer263烯烃共聚物olefinecopolymer(OCP)264乙烯基聚合物vinylpolymer265聚烯烃polyolefin266聚乙烯polyethylene267超高分子量聚乙烯ultrahighmolecularweightpolyethylene,UHMWPE268高密度聚乙烯highdensitypolyethylene,HDPE269低密度聚乙烯lowdensitypolyethylene,LDPE270线型低密度聚乙烯linearlowdensitypolyethylene,LLDPE271超低密度聚乙烯

25、ultralowdensitypolyethylene,ULDPE272长支链聚乙烯longchainbranchedpolyethylene273聚丙烯polypropylene274全同立构聚丙烯isotacticpolypropylene(iPP)又称“等规聚丙烯”。275聚1-丁烯poly(1-butene)276聚异丁烯polyisobutylene277聚4-甲基-1-戊烯poly(4-methyl-1-pentene)278聚(1-辛烯)poly(1-octene)358嵌段聚醚酯blockpoly(esterether)359聚甲醛polyoxymethylene,polyfo

26、rmaldehyde360低聚甲醛paraformaldehyde又称“多聚甲醛”。361共聚甲醛copolyoxymethylene362聚环氧乙烷poly(ethyleneoxide)又称“聚氧化乙烯(polyoxyethylene)”。363聚环氧丙烷poly(propyleneoxide)又称“聚氧化丙烯(polyoxytrimethyl-ene)”。364聚环氧氯丙烷polyepichlorohydrin365聚四氢呋喃polytetrahydrofuran,polyoxytetramethylene366聚苯醚polyphenyleneoxide又称“聚亚苯醚”。367聚硫醚pol

27、ythioether368聚硫化物polysulfide369聚对亚苯硫醚poly(p-phenylenesulfide)俗称“聚苯硫醚”。370聚对亚苯poly(p-phenylene)371聚砜polysulfone372聚芳砜poly(arylsulfone)(PAS)373聚芳砜酰胺aromaticpolysulfonamide374聚醚砜poly(ethersulfone)375聚二苯醚砜poly(diphenylethersulfone)376聚酰亚胺polyimide377聚均苯四酰亚胺-1,4-亚苯poly(pyromellitimido-1,4-phenylene)378聚苯

28、并咪唑polybenzimidazole379聚苯并噻唑polybenzothiazole380聚喹喔啉polyquinoxaline381聚醚酮poly(ether-ketone),PEK382聚醚醚酮poly(ether-ether-ketone),PEEK383聚醚酮酮poly(ether-ketone-ketone),PEKK384聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane简称“聚氨酯”。385聚脲polyurea386聚醚氨酯poly(ether-urethane)387聚苯胺polyaniline388苯醌聚合物quinonepolymer389硅酸盐聚合物silicatepolymer

29、,polysilicate390塑料plastic391塑料合金plasticalloy392工程塑料engineeringplastic393增强塑料reinforcedplastic394纤维增强塑料fiberreinforcedplastic395自增强聚合物self-reinforcingpolymer396复合材料composite397纳米复合材料nanocomposite-常用高分子聚合物名称缩写PA聚酰胺(尼龙)PA-1010聚癸二酸癸二胺(尼龙1010)PA-11聚十一酰胺(尼龙11)PA-12聚十二酰胺(尼龙12)PA-6聚己内酰胺(尼龙6)PA-610聚癸二酰乙二胺(尼龙

30、610)PA-612聚十二烷二酰乙二胺(尼龙612)PA-66聚己二酸己二胺(尼龙66)PA-8聚辛酰胺(尼龙8)PA-9聚9-氨基壬酸(尼龙9)PAA聚丙烯酸PAAS水质稳定剂PABM聚氨基双马来酰亚胺PAC聚氯化铝PAEK聚芳基醚酮PAI聚酰胺-酰亚胺PAM聚丙烯酰胺PAMBA抗血纤溶芳酸PAMS聚甲基苯乙烯PAN聚丙烯腈PAP对氨基苯酚PAPA聚壬二酐PAPI多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯PAR聚芳酰胺PAR聚芳酯(双酚A型)PAS聚芳砜(聚芳基硫醚)PB聚丁二烯-1，3PBAN聚(丁二烯-丙烯腈)PBI聚苯并咪唑PBMA聚甲基丙烯酸正丁酯PBN聚萘二酸丁醇酯PBR丙烯-丁二烯橡胶PBS聚(丁二

31、烯-苯乙烯)PBS聚(丁二烯-苯乙烯)PBT聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯PC聚碳酸酯PC/ABS聚碳酸酯/ABS树脂共混合金PC/PBT聚碳酸酯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯弹性体共混合金PCD聚羰二酰亚胺PCDT聚(1，4-环己烯二亚甲基对苯二甲酸酯)PCE四氯乙烯PCMX对氯间二甲酚PCT聚对苯二甲酸环己烷对二甲醇酯PCT聚己内酰胺PCTEE聚三氟氯乙烯PD二羟基聚醚PDAIP聚间苯二甲酸二烯丙酯PDAP聚对苯二甲酸二烯丙酯PDMS聚二甲基硅氧烷PE聚乙烯PEA聚丙烯酸酯PEAM苯乙烯型聚乙烯均相离子交换膜PEC氯化聚乙烯PECM苯乙烯型聚乙烯均相阳离子交换膜PEE聚醚酯纤维PEEK聚醚醚酮PEG聚乙二醇P

32、EHA五乙撑六胺PEN聚萘二酸乙二醇酯PEO聚环氧乙烷PEOK聚氧化乙烯PEP对-乙基苯酚聚全氟乙丙烯薄膜PES聚苯醚砜PET聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯PETE涤纶长丝PETP聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PF酚醛树脂PF/PA尼龙改性酚醛压塑粉PF/PVC聚氯乙烯改性酚醛压塑粉PFA全氟烷氧基树脂PFG聚乙二醇PFS聚合硫酸铁PG丙二醇PGEEA乙二醇(甲)乙醚醋酸酯PGL环氧灌封料PH六羟基聚醚PHEMA聚(甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯)PHP水解聚丙烯酸胺PI聚异戊二稀PIB聚异丁烯PIBO聚氧化异丁烯PIC聚异三聚氰酸酯PIEE聚四氟乙烯PIR聚三聚氰酸酯PL丙烯PLD防老剂4030PLME1：1型十二(烷)

33、酸单异丙醇酰胺PMA聚丙烯酸甲酯PMAC聚甲氧基缩醛PMAN聚甲基丙烯腈PMCA聚-氧化丙烯酸甲酯PMDETA五甲基二乙烯基三胺PMI聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺PMMA聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(有机玻璃)PMMI聚均苯四甲酰亚胺PMP聚4-甲基戊烯-1PNT对硝基甲苯PO环氧乙烷POA聚己内酰胺纤维POF有机光纤POM聚甲醛POP对辛基苯酚POR环氧丙烷橡胶PP聚丙烯PPA聚己二酸丙二醇酯PPB溴代十五烷基吡啶PPC氯化聚丙烯PPD防老剂4020PPG聚醚PPO聚苯醚(聚2，6-二甲基苯醚)PPOX聚环氧丙烷PPS聚苯硫醚PPSU聚苯砜(聚芳碱)PR聚酯PROT蛋白质纤维PS聚苯乙烯PSAN聚苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物PSB聚苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物PSF(PSU)聚砜PSI聚甲基苯基硅氧烷PST聚苯乙烯纤维PT甲苯PTA精对苯二甲酸PTBP对特丁基苯酚PTFE聚四氟乙烯PTMEG聚醚二醇PTMG聚四氢呋喃醚二醇PTP聚对苯二甲酸酯PTX苯(甲苯、二甲苯)PTX苯(甲苯、二甲苯)PU聚氨酯(聚氨基甲酸酯)PVA聚乙烯醇PVAC聚醋酸乙烯乳液PVAL乙烯醇系纤维PVB聚乙烯醇缩丁醛PVC聚氯乙烯PVCA聚氯乙烯醋酸酯PVCC氯化聚氯乙烯PVDC聚偏二氯乙烯PVDF聚偏二氟乙烯PVE聚乙烯基乙醚PVF聚氟乙烯PVFM聚乙烯醇缩甲醛PVI聚乙烯异丁醚PVK聚乙烯基咔唑PVM聚烯基甲醚PVP聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮-