BEC高级写作材料复习进程.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。BEC高级写作材料-写作部分BECHIGHER写作部分主要涉及商业信函和图表写作两部分的内容，现具体介绍如下：商业信函第一章格式问题1.格式问题：请同学们在BEC的写作中采用平头式的写法。收信人的姓名和地址置于信纸的左上方地址、称呼和结束礼词后没有标点符号日期在右上方段落从定格开始，段落之间的行距为两行（但在考试中由于受答题卡限制，请同学们酌情考虑）写信人的名字和头衔在签名下方2.称呼和结束礼词的注意事项：称呼的写法遵循下列原则：DearSirorMadam写信给某一公司，不确定具体的收信人DearSi

2、r对男士，但是你不知道他的具体姓名DearMadam对女士，但是你不知道他的具体姓名DearMrSmith对男士DearMsSmith对已婚或未婚的女士DearMrsSmith对已婚女士DearMissSmith对未婚女士DearJohn(此处John为英语中常用男名)对朋友或你比较熟悉的人（通常为多年生意伙伴）称呼与结束礼词存在对应的关系，请同学们特别注意：DearSirorMadamYoursfaithfullyDearMr/Ms/Mrs/MissSmithYourssincerelyDearJohnBestwishes以下均为错误用法：DearMrJohnDearMrJohnSmith3

3、.日期：在英国英语中，天在前，但是在美国英语中，月份在前。所以某些特别的时期容易引起误解。例如：12062003在英国指的是：6月21日在美国指的是：12月6日因此日期要写成：12June2003注释：在bec考试中同学们可以采用恩波所推荐的用法。但是12062003的用法仍然是可以使用的，因为bec为英版考试。在使用恩波推荐的用法时，要记住月份使用大些字母开头。天后不必写th、rd、nd或者st。第二章写法问题预备参加bec考试的同学们由于缺乏商务写作的实际经验，对于写作部分都比较郁闷。恩波结合历年考试实际，为大家准备了15类共计50个经典的实战句型，供大家在考场上使用。我们对每一个句型都模

4、拟了一种环境：1.信件的开头：WearewritingtoenquireaboutWearewritinginconnectionwithWeareinterestedinandwewouldliketoknow环境：Youwanttoknowthepricesofsomeairconditioners.Weareinterestedinyourairconditionerandwewouldliketoknowthepricesofsomeairconditioners.Yousawanadvertisementinthenewspaperyesterdayandyouwantfurther

5、information.Wearewritinginconnectionwiththeadvertisementinthenewspaperyesterday.YouwanttoknowifthecompanyyouarewritingtoorganizesholidaystoAfrica.WearewritingtoinquireabouttheholidaystoAfricathatyourcompanyorganizes.2.回信的开头：Thankyouforyourletterof(date)Wehavereceivedyourletterof(date)askingifenquiri

6、ngaboutenclosingconcerning环境：Acompanywrotetoyouon23July.Theywantedtoknowifyousellphotocopiers.Thankyouforyourletterof23July,askingifwesellphotocopiers.Amanwrotetoyouon18December.Hewantedemploymentwithyourcompany.Healsosenthiscurriculumvitae.Wehavereceivedyourletterof18December,enclosingyourcurriculu

7、mvitae.Acompanysentyouafaxon3June.TheywantedtoknowifyouweregoingtothemarketingconferenceinLondon.Thankyouforyourfaxof3June,askingifIwasgoingtothemarketingconferenceinLondon.Awomantelephonedyouthismorning.ShewantedtoknowifherorderNo.599hadarrived.Thankyouforyourtelephonecallthismorningconcerningtheor

8、derNo.599.3.信件的结尾：一般结尾：Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourreply/order/products/ect.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.如果你在信件中提供了信息：Ihopethatthisinformationwillhelpyou.Pleasecontactmeifyouneedanyfurtherinformation.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions.Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedanyfurtherinformation

9、.4.引入主题：WithreferencetoFurthertoWithregardtoIamwritinginconnectionwith注：引入主题的句子可以被写在信件的开头，但withregardto不能用于信件的开头。环境：(howwouldyoustartaletterabouteachofthefollowing?)aninvoice(No.679)foraphotocopierWithreferencetoInvoiceNo.679,weregrettotellyouthattheproductarrivedinbadcondition.ameetingyouhadwiththe

10、addresseeonJan.16thFurthertothemeetingon16January,IamdelightedtotellyouthatwearenowabletogiveyouaspecialofferforourPeachSeriescomputer.anadvertisementinthetimesnewspaperIamwritinginconnectionwiththeadvertisementinthetimesnewspaperyesterday.anapplicationforapostassecretaryinyourcompanyIamwritingincon

11、nectionwithyourapplicationforapostassecretaryinourcompany.afaxorderforsixcomputersthatyoureceivedtodaywithreferencetoyourfaxorderforsixcomputer,Iregrettotellyouthattheyareoutofstockatpresent.5.告知好、坏消息：好消息：Iampleaseddelightedhappytotellinformadviseyouthat坏消息：IregretamsorrytotellinformadviseyouthatWer

12、egretthat环境：（completethesesentencesusingphrasesforreferringandgivinggoodorbadnews.）a._yourorderforsomecupboards,_wehavehadtoincreasetheprice.b._yourapplicationforapostassecretary,_thatwewouldlikeyoutostartworkassoonaspossible.c._yourapplicationforapostassecretary,_thatyouwerenotsuccessful.d._ourtele

13、phoneconversationthismorning,_thatyourcarisnowreadyforyoutocollect.6.说明你所能做的和不能做的：WeareunabletoWeareabletoWehavebeenforcedto环境：Youcannotloweryourprices.Weregretthatweareunabletoreduceoutprices.Youhavehadtoraiseyourpricesbecausethegovernmenthasincreasedthesalestax.Wehavebeenforcedtoraiseourpricesbeca

14、usethegovernmenthasincreasedthesalestax.However,youcangivethemadiscountof5%iftheirorderisformorethan$8,000.Weareabletogiveyouadiscountof5%ifyourorderismorethan$8,000.Withregardtotheirsecondquestion,youcannotacceptpaymentinEgyptianpoundsbutyoucanacceptUSdollarsorEuros.Wearesorrythatweareunabletoaccep

15、tpaymentsinEgyptianpoundsbutweareabletoacceptUSdollarsorEuros.7.说明原因：Thisisowingtoduetoaresultofbecauseof注：owingto通常用于不好的消息。如果想在原因中使用动词，请加上thefactthat的从句。环境：increaseprices-fallofthedollarWehavebeenforcetoincreaseourprices.Thisisowingtothefallofthedollar.Delaythedeliveryofthegoods-strikebyairlinepilo

16、tsWehavebeenforcedtodelaythedeliveryofthegoods.Thisisowingtothestrikebyairlinepilots.Increaseallsalariesby10%-riseinsalesWeareabletoincreaseallsalariesby10%.Thisistheresultofabigriseinsales.Cutallsalariesby10%-fallinsalesWehavebeenforcedtocutallsalariesby10%.Thisisduetothefactthattherehasbeenafallin

17、salesinthepasttenmonths.Cannotdeliveryourneworder-wehavenotreceivedyourpaymentfrothelastorderWeregretthatweareunabletodeliveryourneworderimmediately.Thisisowingtothefactthatwehavenotreceivedyourpaymentforthelastorder.Cancelthemeeting-alotofstaffhavebeenillWehavebeenforcedtocancelthemeeting.Thisisbec

18、ausesomemembersofourstaffhavebeenill.8.请求采取行动：PleasecouldyouWewouldbegratefulifyoucouldWewouldbeappreciateitifyoucouldassoonaspossible.withoutdelay.immediately.注：pleasecouldyou是最直接的方式。在要求一些一般性的事情时，可以使用这种表达。环境：Youhaveseenanadvertisementinthenewspaperforapostasofficemanger.Youwantanapplicationform.Iwo

19、uldappreciateitifyoucouldsendmeanapplicationform.Thephotocopierinyourofficehasbrokendown.Youwanttohaveitrepaired,quickly.Wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldsendarepairmantofixourphotocopierassoonaspossible.Youhavemovedyourofficeandyouwantthepostofficetoforwardyourletterstoyournewaddress.Pleasecouldyouforwar

20、dmyletterstomynewaddress.Youwantthetelephonecompanytoputanothertelephoneinyouroffice.Youneediturgently.Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldputanothertelephoneinourofficeimmediately.Youhavewrittentoacompanyandyouwantthemtoreplyquickly.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgiveusareplyquickly.9.抱歉：WemustapologizeforWeap

21、ologizeforWeareextremelysorryfor注：以上句型后请使用动词ing形式。以上句型中的for可以换成that，然后用从句表达。一般来说，解释产生问题的原因，然后在信的结尾处再次表达歉意。再次抱歉：Pleaseacceptourapologiesonceagain.Wehopethatthishasnotcausedyouanyinconvenience.Withapologiesonceagain.10.要求提供信息：PleasecouldyouWewouldbegratefulifyoucouldWewouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveus

22、furtherdetailsabout.informus(about/if)letusknow(about/if)Wewouldliketoknow(about/if)注：如果需要特别重要的信息，可以在以上句型前使用：inparticular。环境：Youwrotealettertosomeoneandtheyhaventreplied.Youwanttoknowiftheyreceivedtheletter.Wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldletusknowiftheletterhasreachedyou.Abusinessmanisgoingtoyourcountry

23、.Hewantsyoutogetavisaforhim.Youneedallthedetailsabouthispassport(hisnationality,dateofbirth,wherehispassportwasissued,andwhenitexpires).Pleasecouldyougivedetailsaboutyourpassport.Iwouldliketoknowyournationality,dateofbirth,whereyourpassportwasissuedandwhenitexpires.Youwanttoknowaboutthesamebusinessm

24、ansflight(flightnumber,dateandtimeofarrival).Inparticular,Iwouldliketoknowyourflightnumber,dateandtimeofarrival.11.轻度抱怨：Unfortunately,+表示somethingiswrong的句子环境：Acompanyhassentyouabillforthewronggoods.Unfortunatelyyousentusabillforthewronggoods.Pleasecouldyousendusacorrectbillassoonaspossible.Yournewp

25、hotocopierhasbrokendown.Youhavetowritetothecompanywhosoldittoyou.Unfortunatelyournewphotocopierhasbrokendown.Pleasecouldyousendarepairmantofixitforusassoonaspossible.TwotemporarysecretariesdonotspeakEnglish.Youhavetowritetotheagencywhosentthemtoyou.Unfortunatelytwotemporarysecretariesyourecommendedt

26、ousdonotspeakEnglish.WewouldbegratefulifyoucouldrecommendtwomorewhocouldspeakEnglish.Youkeepreceivinglettersforsomeoneelse.Youhavetowritetothepostoffice.UnfortunatelyIkeepreceivinglettersforsomeoneelse.Pleasecouldyoumaketheaddressclearbeforeyoudeliverletterseveryday.12.提醒某人对某事的注意：Ishouldliketodrawyo

27、urattentionto(thefactthat)Ishouldliketopointoutthat如果你提醒的事情对方已经知道（你想表达你的生气）：IshouldliketoremindyouthatIhopethatitisnotnecessarytoremindyouthat环境：Oneofyourstaffkeepsparkinghiscarinfrontofthemaindoor,thespacewhichisreservedfortheMD.Ishouldliketoremindyouthatthespaceinfrontofthemaindoorisreservedforthe

28、MD.Someoneisinterestedinpurchasingalargequantityofyoursimplexcameras.Tellhimabout25%discountforlargeorders.Ishouldliketdrawyourattentiontothefactthatweofferabout25%discountforlargerorders.Oneofyourstaffarriveshalfanhourlateforworkeveryday.(Sheshouldstartat9.30.)Ihopethatitisnotnecessarytoremindyouth

29、atworkstartat9:30everyday.Someoneisinterestedinyourproducts.Tellhimthatyouguaranteethatyourpricesarethelargestinthecountry.Ishouldliketopointoutthatweguaranteethatallpricesarethelowestinthecountry.13.要求某人采取行动：WemustinsistthatDO（DO指动词原型）注：请注意这一句型和句型8的区别。环境：Wemustinsistthatyoudeliverthegoodsimmediatel

30、y.14.警告：UnlessIf(not)Wewillbeforcedto环境：(Whatwarningswouldyougivethesepeople?)AcompanythathasnotpaidyourbillUnlessyoupaythebill,wewillbeforcedtotakelegalactions.AnothercompanythatisusingyourcompanyscarparkIfyoudonotmoveyourcarawayfromourpark,wewillbeforcedtoturntothepolice.Anemployeewhoalwaysarrives

31、lateforworkUnlessyoucometoworkontime,wewillbeforcedtofireyou.AbuilderwhohasleftalotoftheirtoolsinyourofficeIfyoudonottakeyourtoolsfromouroffice,wewillbeforcedtothrowthemaway.15.强烈抱怨：注：强烈抱怨遵循以下步骤：a.阐述发生的问题：itisnowoverninemonthssinceweplacedthisorderandwearestillwaitingforthecabinets.b.使用句型12：Ishouldl

32、iketopointoutthatwehavealreadypaidforthesecabinets.c.使用句型13：wemustinsistthatyoudeliverthemimmediately.d.使用句型14：unlesswehearfromyouwithin7dayswewilltakelegalaction.第三章写作后的检查（包括图表写作）检查的四个主要方面：1.标点符号：完全禁用的符号：“”。2.拼写：双写辅音y改成复数3.语法：主谓一致冠词次序介词时态漏词4.可能导致信息表达不清的因素：太长的段落太长的句子运用不常使用的词汇一次包含太多的信息信息不完整信息顺序混乱图表作文

33、对于线性图表的描述上升1.对于上升趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：toincrease;togoup;torise;togrow;tojump;toleaptosoar;toshoot;topickupb.可以使用的名词：anincrease;agrowth;ajump;asoar;anupwardtrend2.对于上升到某个位置的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothepeakof具体数据。c.1.a.中的动词reachingthepeakof+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。e.topeakat具体数据f.toclimbto

34、+具体数据3.对于上升的程度的描述：a.1.a.中的动词by具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词副词。（见下降1.对于下降趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：tofall;todecrease;togodown;toslide;tocollapsetodecline;todropb.可以使用的名词：acollapse;adecrease;afall;adecline;adrop2.对于下降到某个位置的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothebottomof具体数据。c.1.a.中的动词reachingthebottomof+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reach

35、ing+具体数据。3.对于下降程度的描述：a.1.a.中的动词by具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词副词。对于平稳的趋势的描述，可以使用的动词或动词词组：tohardlychange;tohavelittlechange;tokeepsteady;toleveloff;toremainconstanttostaythesame表示程度的副词：1.程度较大：considerably;dramatically;greatly;markedly;obviously;quickly;rapidlySharply;significantly;suddenly2.程度较小：slightly;gradually

36、;slowly;steadily时间的嵌入嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：in;fromto;between.andduringand;atthestartof;bytheendof;over;attheendofthroughout时间s+具体数据上升和下降趋势的组合描述（嵌入了时间和程度之后）：1.先上升后下降的句型：.increasedslowlyduringandbutfellsharplyin.Asteadyfallinduringandfollowedthesharpincreasein.2.先下降后上升的句型：fellbeforebegantomakearecoverycont

37、inuetherecovery,climbingtodroppedduringbutincreasedagaininfellandthenpickupduringcollapsedbeforerisingtoattheendof3.起伏波动的句型：fluctuatedsharplyallthrough4.波动不大的句型：hardlychangedthroughtheperiodbetweenand柱状图形的描述转换为线形图形的描述饼状图形的描述对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型：%theis/has/have/areaccountsfor%ofthetotaltakesup%inthewholec

38、hart趋势的比较1.表示相似的句型(实例)：BothsharepricesrosesharplyinJanuary.Neithercompanyhasmadeaprofityet.LikeX,YfellinJune.XrosejustassharplyasY.2.表示差异的句型（实例）：Xfellsharplywhereas/whileYremainedsteady.XfellquicklycomparedtoY.UnlikeY,Xroseby10%.XrosefarmoredramaticallythanY.3.表示倍数的句型：thedoubled/tripledincomparedwiththosein4.客观比较的句型：isincontrastto数据的修饰1.表示不足的词或词组：upto;below;under;almost;nearly2.表示超过的词或词组：over;morethan;justover3.表示大约的词：about更多内容或资料请关注微信公众号：jcgyb1314或扫下面二维码-