专题 07虚拟语气讲义高考英语语法.docx

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1、专题07虚拟语气讲义 高中英语语法1、 定义虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。2、 不同虚拟语气形式的讲解（1） 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 条件句 主语表示与现在事实相反的假设 一般过去时(be动词用were) could/ would+动词原形表示与过去的事实相反 过去完成时 could/ would+have done表示与将来的事实相反 一般过去时 could/ would+动词原形 were to do s

2、hould do If he had time，he should go with you.If he had followed my advice，he would have succeeded in passing the exam.If it were to rain tomorrow，the basketball match would be delayed.（2） 名词性从句中的运用在表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。常见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insis

3、t，request，command，order等。常见的名词：suggestion，advice，propose，demand，requirement，request，command常见的结构： it is +adj +that +句子（谓语动词用should+do）She suggested we (should) leave here at once.His suggestion that we (should) go to Shanghai is wonderful.（3） 特殊情况(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though，even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状

4、语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here，she could not solve the problem.(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that).”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或“should动词原形”，意为“(现在)该”。Its time that I picked up/should pick up my daughter.3、 课堂

5、练习（1） 填空1. We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday.2. Dont handle the vase as if it (make) of steel.3. Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she (live) there，she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.4. If we (b

6、ook)a table earlier，we couldnt be standing here in a queue.5. If he had spent more time practising speaking English before，he (be) able to speak 4. it much better now.6. Sorry，I am too busy now.If I (have) time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.（2） 单项选择1. I can't find my purse. I_ it i

7、n the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.Ashould leaveBmust have leftCmight leaveDcould have left2. Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.You_it in the wrong place.Amust putBshould have putCmight putDmight have put3. Had the governments and scientists not worked together

8、, AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.Ahad not fallenBwould not fallCdid not fallDwould not have fallen4. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have doneBmust have doneCcan have doneDmight have done4、 课后练习1What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or

9、we _ a good time together.AhadBwill haveCwould have hadDhad had2 It might have saved me some trouble _ the schedule.Adid I knowBhave I knownCdo I knowDhad I known3Its strange that he _ have taken the books without the owners permission.AwouldBsh

10、ouldCcouldDmight4 _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.AIt wereBWere itCIt wasDWas it5 There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.AhadBwill haveCwould have hadDhave had6Had the governments and sci

11、entists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.Ahad not fallenBwould not fallCdid not fallDwould not have fallen7Jane wishes that she _ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.AstudiedBhad studiedCwould studyDmight have studied8What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have doneBmust have doneCcan have doneDmight have done9Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.Amay haveBcould haveCmust have hadDmight have had