Unit 7 复习讲义九年级英语上册.docx

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1、Unit7讲义 牛津深圳版九年级英语上册1、掌握本单元出现的重点词汇和重要句型，并能灵活运用。2、掌握who，that和which引导的定语从句的一般用法。3、话题读写综合-故事与诗歌，并积累相应词汇及句式。4、学会描述汤姆索亚历险记中的主要情节。5、survey      v查看；审视He stood up and began to survey the whole room他站起来开始仔细打量整个房间。【链接】survey  v做民意调查6、careful     adj.小心；谨

2、慎Be careful on the stairs!走那段楼梯要当心！We had to be very careful not to be seen我们得小心翼翼，不能被发现。【链接】care    v关心；担忧     n小心                carefully adv小心地；谨慎地     

3、0;        carefulness n小心；仔细              careless adj.粗心的7、task        n任务；工作She used the day to deal with urgent tasks。她白天忙着处理紧急的工作。8、writer  &

4、#160;  n作家Have you ever read the writer's works?你有没有读过这位作家的作品？【链接】write v写；书写；撰写9、fence      n栅栏；篱笆We want to build a fence around the garden我们想在花园周围建栅栏。10、steam     n蒸汽动力；蒸汽In a power station, the heat turns water into highpressure steam在发电厂里，热能

5、将水转化成高压蒸汽。【链接】steam v蒸（食物）；蒸发11、silence    n沉默；缄默They stood in silence他们默不作声地站着。He doesn't like long silences during supper他不喜欢晚餐时出现长时间的沉默。【记忆】in silence默不作声地；沉默地【链接】silent     adj.安静的；沉默的            &

6、#160;   silently   adv安静地；寂静地12、while n一段时间；一会儿They walked in silence for a while他们默默地走了一会儿。He got married a little while ago他不久前刚刚结婚。【链接】  while conj.当时13、deal        n交易The two sides tried，but failed to make a deal双方都努力了，但迈是没能达成

7、协议。14、celebrated    adj. 著名的；闻名的He soon became one of the most celebrated young painters in England。不久，他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。【近义】famous  adj. 著名的；有名的      well-known  adj. 著名的；出名的15、rest      n.休息“You look tired, Laura," he

8、 said. "Go home and get some rest”“你看上去很累，劳拉，”他说，”回一下吧。”【链接】rest   v休息16、humorous    adj.滑稽有趣的；有幽默感的He is quite humorous, and l like that about him他很幽默，我喜欢他这一点。【链接】humour n幽默17、progress      n进展We continue to make progress in the fight against c

9、ancer我们在抗癌的斗争中不断取得进展。【链接】progress   v进步；进展；发展；改进18、board     n木板The chopping board should be washed every day砧板应该每天清洗。19、yard       n码（长度单位）A few yards away, Joseph is standing beside his small home几码之外，约瑟夫站在他的小屋边。【拓展】1码等于0.9144米。yard还有“院子；

10、庭院”的意思。如：l saw him standing in the yard我看到他站在院子里。20、lead        n铅Lead can damage the developing brain of young children铅可能对小孩发育中的大脑造成伤害。【链接】lead    v.(led, led)带领；引导；领导21、pity     n.遗憾；可惜It is a great pity that not ever

11、y student in the city can have the same chance非常遗憾的是，在这个城市里，并非每个学生都能获得同样的机会。【链接】pity    nv同情；怜悯22、coat       n涂料层；覆盖层;大衣；外套The front door needs a new coat of paint前门需要刷一层新漆了。23、steamboat      n汽船；轮船Mr Brown took me over to the isl

12、and in his steamboat布朗先生用他的汽船把我送到该岛。24、When we are happy about other peoples good luck or success，we congratulate them.当我们为他人的好运或成功感到高兴时，我们就会祝贺他们。be happy about意为“为感到高兴”，be happy for意为“为（某人）而高兴”。试比较：He wants his mum to be happy about his achievements他希望他的妈妈能为他的成就感到高兴。Congratulations! You've done

13、 a good job! l'm happy for you恭喜你！好样的！我替你感到高兴。25、He tricks Ben Rogers and other boys in the town into painting the fence for him.他骗本·罗杰斯和其他镇上的男孩替他刷围栏。trick somebody into doing something意为“诱使某人做某事”。26、He knew the boys who were free would soon come along and make fun of him他知道很快那些空闲的男孩们就会过来，取

14、笑他。Ben Rogers came along the road.奉·罗杰斯沿着小路过来了。（1）第一句中，along为副词，后不可接名词，come along意为“出现”，与appear意思接近。如：Mike came along just when they were talking about him他们谈论迈克时他正好出现。在第二句中,along为介词，后接表示地点的名词，come along则表示“沿着而来”。如：More and more ants came along the way when they smelt sugar闻到了糖的味道，越来越多的蚂蚁沿路而来。（

15、2）make fun of意为“嘲弄；取笑”，与make jokes about和laugh at意思相近。如：I can't get along with him；he likes to make fun of me我跟他相处不好，他喜欢取笑我。People made fun of him only because he was wearing a strange jacket人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了件奇怪的夹克。27、Long time no see. What's new?好久不见。有什么新鲜事儿吗？（1）long time no see 意为“很久不见”。据说是从上海的

16、租界时期黄包车夫对外国人这样讲而流传开来的，尽管在表达上有着明显的中式英语的痕迹，但它早已成为中西方普遍接受的表达方式。其含义同I haven't seen you for a long time.或We haven't seen each other for long.（2）What's new?意为“有什么新鲜事儿吗？”，常用于询问对方的近况。如：What's new with you?你最近如何？Not bad. I have been elected captain of the school football team还不错。我被选为校足球队队长了。2

17、8、Tom knew this was dangerous, so he took Becky's hand to hurry her away, but one of the bats followed and put out Becky's candle with its wings汤姆知道这很危险，（于是）他拉起贝基的手赶快跑。但是，一只蝙蝠紧随而来，用翅膀扑灭了贝基手中的蜡烛。（1）take one's hand意为“拉着某人的手；握住某人的手”。如：He was very pleased to see meHe took my hand and shook i

18、t warmly他见到我很高兴。他抓住我的手热情地握了起来。（2）hurry somebody away意为“带某人赶快离开”。如：George, hurry your younger sister away! The roof seems to fall乔治，快带你妹妹走！屋顶好像要塌了。（3）put something out意为“扑灭；熄灭”。如：It took the firefighters an hour to put the fire out.消防员花了一个小时把火扑灭。29、Daniel could not jump because he was turned over.丹尼尔

19、没法跳，因为它被人翻了过来。turnover意力“使翻转”。如：The turtle was not able to turn itself over这只乌龟不能靠自己翻过身来。30、He gave Tom a kite for the chance to paint.他把风筝给汤姆，换得了刷漆的机会。（1）本句中的介词for意为“为换取；为取得”。如：He came to me for advice他来征求我的意见。Ill give these two bottles for that one我要拿这两瓶换那一瓶。（2）the chance to do something意为“做某事的机会”

20、。如：Finally，l got the chance to take part in the competition最终，我得到了参加竞赛的机会。31、Then he went on painting.接着，他继续刷起了漆。（1）go on doing something意为“不停地做”。如： She went on working until she was 80她一直工作到80岁。（2）go on to do sth，go on doing sth和go on with sth这三个短语的用法区别如下：go on to do something表示接着做另一件事，即接下去做与原来不同的一

21、件事；go on doing sth表示继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事；go on with sth常表示间断后继续做原来没有做完的事，其后一般接名词作宾语。【用法点拨】在表达“间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”的含义时，go on doing sth和go on with sth可互换。After they had read the text，the students went on to do the exercises读完课文后，学生们接着做练习。The students went on talking and laughing all the way一路上，学生们一直有说有

22、笑。After a rest, we went on with our lesson.(=After a rest, we went on having our lesson.休息之后，我们继续上课。32、the other frog was better at jumping另一只青蛙更擅长跳跃be better at是be good at的比较级形式，意为“更擅长于”。如：I think l am better at English than Peter我觉得我的英语比彼得好。33、Tom gave Ben his brush with worry on his face but joy

23、in his heart.汤姆把刷子交给了本，一脸担忧，可心里却乐开了花。句中的worry作名词，意为“担心；忧虑”。如：The worry showed on her face她的脸上露出焦虑的神色。My father has a lot of worries我父亲有很多的烦心事。with worry on his face but joy in his heart意为“面带焦虑而内心喜悦”，是表达伴随状态的一种情况。【拓展】介词with可以协助构成一个极为丰富的复合结构，在句子中起副词或形容词的作用，表示伴随的状态。（1） with+名词+动词现在分词。如：They started wor

24、king with the machine running他们开了机器，开始工作了。（2） with+名词+动词过去分词。如：He is used to sleeping with the window closed他习惯于关窗睡觉。（3）with+名词+动词不定式。如：With a lot of homework to do，Tom can't go out to play由于有太多的家庭作业要做，汤姆无法外出玩耍。（4）with+名词+形容词。如：She left the house with the windows open她窗都没关就离开了家。（5）with+名词+副词。如：D

25、on't leave the room with the lights on离开房间时把灯给关了，（6）with+名词+介词短语。如：The man with a textbook in his hand is our Maths teacher手拿课本的男人是我们的数学老师。34、Just then，he had an idea.（但）就在那时，他想到了一个主意。just then意为“就在那时”，相当于just at that moment多用于一般过去时的句子中。如：Just then，the phone rang就在那时，电话铃响了。Just then，the teacher

26、came in就在那时，老师走了进来。35、On Saturday morning，every boy in town was happy，except Tom Sawyer.星期六的早晨，镇上的每个男孩都兴高采烈，除了汤姆·索亚。（1）in town意为“在城里；在镇上”。如：Today，an old friend of mine invited me to lunch while she was in town今天，我的一个老朋友在镇上。她请我吃了午饭。（2）except和except for都有“除之外”的意思，但用法不同。其区别如下：except表示“除去；不包括”，强调所排

27、除的“不包括在内”，表示同类之间的关系，常同nothing、all、none、nobody、any、every连用；经常接名词或代词，也可接副词、介词短语等。The shop is open every day except Sunday除了星期日，这家商店每天都营业。You can have any of the cakes except this one除了这块蛋糕，你哪块都能吃。You may come at any time except at noon除了中午，你任何时候来都可以。except for也表示“除以外”， 接的词同句子中的整体词不是同类的。The blouse is g

28、ood-looking except for the buttons除了钮扣外，这件衬衫很好看。Your composition is good except for a few grammatical mistakes除了几处语法错误外，你的作文写得很好。36、He picked up his brush and went back to work.他拾起刷子回去干活。（1）pick up意为“拿起；捡起；拾起”，要注意它与pick的区别。后者意为“采；摘；挑选”。The boy picked up the hat for the old man男孩替老人拾起了帽子。Please pick

29、a good book for me请为我挑一本好书。He picked her a rose他给她摘了朵玫瑰花。（2）go back to work意为“回去干活”。我们常用go back to表达“返回；重新回到”的意思。如：He recovered after a week or two and went back to work一两周之后他痊愈了，并且重新投入了工作。When he finished his business trip and went back to Tianjin，he decided to leave his job当他出完差回天津后，他决定辞职。37、He wo

30、uld prefer to play games.他更喜欢玩游戏。would prefer to表示“更喜欢；愿意”之意，后接动词原形。如：l'd prefer to have a picnic this Saturday这个礼拜六我想去野餐。Would you prefer to watch a film with me tonight? 你今晚想跟我去看电影吗？38、Tom and Becky made many marks on the walls to show the way back.汤姆和贝基在岩壁上做了很多记号，指示回来的路。the way back意为“回去的路；回来

31、的路”。如：He didn't remember the way back and got lost in the forest他忘记了回去的路，在森林里迷路了。39、Betty turned around and walked on without looking back贝蒂转过身去，头也不回继续前行。walk on 意思为"继续前行"。40、 There are also some boys from the town who play a small part in the story.故事中还有一些来自镇上的男孩，他们扮演着配角。play a s

32、mall part意为“扮演一个小角色；起较小的作用”。如：The pop singer played a small part in the film那个流行歌手在电影里扮演了一个小角色。I was pleased to get on the pitch and play a small part我很开心能够上场，踢了一小会儿比赛。41、He painted one board and surveyed his progress, and then he sat down to have a rest. 他漆完一块板，看了看进展，然后就坐下来休息。（1）survey one's pr

33、ogress意为“观察某人的进展”。如：After working for an hour, Jack stopped to survey his progress工作了一小时后，杰克停下来看了看进展。（2）have a rest意为“休息下”，也常说成take a rest，have a break或take a break。如：We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill我们坐了下来，在山脚的小径旁歇息。42、Miss Liu wanted to encourage her students to read fam

34、ous books, so she showed them this humorous story from a novel called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain.刘老师想要鼓励她的学生们读一些名著，因此她向他们推荐了马克·吐温的小说<汤姆·索亚历险记中的这个幽默故事.（1）encourage somebody to do something意为“鼓励某人做某事”。如：Mother encouraged me to keep trying母亲鼓励我继续尝试。【链接】The Adventu

35、res of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索亚历险记是作家马克·吐温的代表作，发表于1876年。汤姆·索亚历险记的故事发生在19世纪上半叶芙国密西西比河河畔的一个普通小镇上：主人公汤姆·索亚天真活泼、敢于探险、追求自由，不堪忍受束缚个性、枯燥乏味的生活，幻想干一番英雄事业。汤姆·索亚历险记以其浓厚的深具地方特色的幽默和对人物的敏锐观察，成为最伟大的儿重文学作品，它也是一首美国“黄金时代”的田园牧歌。43、I'm enjoying myself.我可是玩得很开心啊。enjoy oneself意为“玩得愉快；玩得开心；过得愉快”，与have

36、a good time意思相近。如：They all enjoyed themselves during the summer vacation在暑假期间他们都过得很愉快。44、Tom began to think of the games that he wanted to play.汤姆开始想像着那些早已计划好要玩的游戏。think of意为“想像到”，与imagine意思相近。如：Can you think of why she did such a thing?你能想像得出她为什么干这样一件事吗？45、“Thats a deal，”said Tom.“But you must be c

37、areful.”“成交，”汤姆说，“但像一定得仔细哦。”Thats a deal意为“一言为定；就这么说定了；成交”，也常常说成Its a deal。如：I'II let you know as soon as she comes backThat's a deal她一回来我就告诉你。一言为定。46、The bats followed them for a long time, but Tom and Becky ran into every new passage that they came to, and at last they got away from the ba

38、ts.蝙蝠追了汤姆和贝基很长时间，但他们只要见到新通道就跑进去，最后总算避开了那些蝙蝠。get away from意为“摆脱；远离”。如：He got away from his home with anger他生气地离开了家。Many people got away from the wrecked ship on a lifeboat许多人乘救生艇离开遇难船只。47、Tom's aunt gave him a task of painting their fence. 汤姆的姨妈给了他一个粉刷围栏的任务。a task of  意为“的任务”，后接名词或动名词。Mum se

39、t me a task of looking after my baby sister when she went out with my dad. 妈妈要求我在她和爸爸外出的时候照顾我的小妹妹。48、After a while, he said, “Tom, will you let me do some painting?”过了一会儿，他说：“汤姆,能让我刷会儿漆吗？”（1）本句中，while作名词用，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。如：A short while ago，he became a bus driver不久前，他成了一名公交车司机。after a while意为“过了一会儿”。与a

40、fter a moment意思相近。与while有关的常见搭配还有：a little while不久，一会儿    all the while始终，一直in a(little) while不久，一会儿 for a while -会几，有一段时间（2）do some painting意为“刷刷油漆；做点油漆活儿”。在英语中，我们常常用“do some +动名词”的结构表示一些活动。如：do some washing洗衣服    do some shopping买东西do some cleaning打扫卫生  

41、0; do some cooking做饭；煮饭49、“Oh，you have to work，don't you? What a pity!”“哦，你不得不干活，对吧？真是遗憾啊！”What a pity意为“真可惜”，是一种表达惋惜、遗憾之意的感叹句，与What a shame意思相近。如：-No photos here!这里严禁拍照！- What a pity! These paintings are really lovely太可惜了！这些画太可爱了。【拓展】在英语中，有一类what引导的简略感叹句，其结构多为What a/an+名词.What a boy! He is real

42、ly naughty!多么讨厌的男孩啊！他太顽皮了！What a day! It has rained all day!什么鬼天气！都下了一整天雨了50、This interesting story is called“The celebrated jumping frog of Calaveras County”这个有趣的故事叫作卡城名蛙。【链接】卡城名蛙是马克·吐温的成名作。他以轻松幽默的笔触，反映了淘金时代加州的社会面貌。有人嗜赌如命赌马、赛狗、赛猫、斗鸡，连青蛙也用来打赌；自认为赌无不胜，最后却被骗个精光。51、Ben watched Tom in silence.本静静地看

43、着汤姆。in silence意为“沉默地”，相当于silently。如：She stared at him in silence她静静地凝视着他。Mary listened in silence, with her eyes toward the ground玛丽的眼睛看着地面，静静地呼着。52、They went deeper and deeper into the cave他们在山洞中越走越深。go deeper and deeper into意为“在走得越来越深”。如：They went deeper and deeper into the forest and finally disa

44、ppeared in the green他们在森林中越走越深，最终消失在一片绿色之中。53、who，that和which引导的定语从句【定义】起定语作用的从句叫作定语从句，看下面一段对话：Emma: I saw Natalie the other day.Melanie: Natalie? The girl who plays the piano?Emma: No, that's Natasha. Natalie is the   student who dropped out of college. She's working in Davidson's n

45、ow, the shop   that sells very expensive clothes.我们可以使用形容词或介词短语来识别某人或某物。如：形容词：the tall girl    the new student      the yellow car介词短语：the man in the suit      the shop on the right      the woman with blo

46、nde hair但是，在需要比较长的说明时，可以使用定语从句来表示。who，which和that称为关系代词，位于被修饰的名词或代词（称为先行词）之后、定语从句之首，用以引导定语从句。这样的定语从句总是用来修饰先行词的。who，which和that都可以作定语从句中的主语或宾语。如：who plays the piano这个从句告诉我们Melanie所指的是哪个女孩。that sells very expensive clothes这个从句告诉我们Emma所指的是哪家商店。1) who和that用于指“人”。a.who/that在定语从句中作met的主语。I met a womanShe ca

47、n speak six languages我遇到一位女士。她会说六国语言。I met a woman who/that can speak six languages我遇到一位会说六国语言的女士。上句中，a woman是先行词。who/that在定语从句中作主语。在这种情况下，要特别注意先行词的“数”究竟是单数还是复数），它决定着定语从句中行为动词和助动词的使用。例句：I don't like people who/that tell jokes all the time我不喜欢老讲笑话的人。(因为先行词为people，是复数，因此定语从句的行为动词用tell，而不是tells)The

48、 little girl who/that sat next to me on the coach ate sweets the whole way.长途汽车上坐在我旁边的那个小女孩一路上都在吃糖果。Mike and Harry are visiting a womanThey met her on holiday迈克和哈里正在拜访一位女士。他们在度假的时候遇到她的。Mike and Harry are visiting a woman who/that they met on holiday迈克和哈里正在拜访一位他们在度假时遇到的女士。b.who/that在定语从句中作met的宾语。例句：D

49、o you know the man who/that Jack is talking with?你认识正在和杰克谈话的那个男人吗？The man who/that Vicky saw at the concert is Sarah's boss维基在音乐会上看到的那个男人是莎拉的老板。（2）which和that用于指“物”。Jim was wearing a hatIt was too biq for him吉姆戴了顶帽子。这项帽子对他而言太大了Jim was wearing a hat which/that was too biq for him吉姆戴了顶太大的帽子上句中，whic

50、h/that在定语从句中作主语。同样要注意先行词的“数”决定着从句中动词的使用。例句：The car whichthat won the race looks very funny，doesn't it？赢得比赛的那辆车看起来很滑稽，不是吗？The children saw the real spacecraft whichthat landed on the Moon孩子们亲眼见到了曾登上过月球的宇宙飞船。The old castle is really interestingWe visited it last year那座古老的城堡很有意思我们去年参观过。The old cast

51、le whichthat we visited last year is really interesting我们去年参观过的那座古堡很有意思。上句中，which/ that在定语从句中作visited的宾语。又如：例句：The cakes which/that my mum baked were delicious我妈妈烤出来的蛋糕味道很好。These are the books which/that l told you about这些就是我跟你说起过的书。【总结】(1)作为定语从句的引导词，who和which多用于书面语，that多用于口语。    

52、;           (2)当who，which，that在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。如：               I don't know the people (who/that) the police are questioning我不认识那些正在被警察询问的人。               The house (which